新概念第二册课文翻译及知识点【Lesson28、29、30】
Lesson28
【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What is Jasper White's problem?
Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!
【课文翻译】
贾斯珀.怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一。他刚在城里买下一所新房子，但自从搬进去后，就和汽车及车主们发生了磨擦。当他夜里回到家时，总是发现有人把车停在他家大门外。为此，他甚至一次也没能把自己的车开进车库。贾斯珀曾把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边，但没有任何效果。现在他把一个丑陋的石雕头像放在了大门上边，这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一。我问他那是什么?他告诉我那是蛇发女怪美杜莎。贾斯珀希望她把汽车和车主们都变成石头。但到目前为止还没有一个变成石头呢!
【生词和短语】
rare adj. 罕见的
ancient adj. 古代的，古老的
myth n. 神话故事
trouble n. 麻烦
effect n. 结果，效果
Medusa n. 美杜莎(古希腊神话中3位蛇发女怪这一)
Gorgon n. (古希腊神话中的)3位蛇发女怪这一(凡见其貌者都会变成石头)
【知识点讲解】
1 Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.贾斯珀.怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一。
(1)区别believe和believe in的用法，believe someone指“相信某人所为”，believe in someone指“信赖某人的为人可靠”或“相信某人将有所作为”;
(2)如果动词不是be，一般believe后用从句。
I believed (that) you belonged to that company.
我相信你属于那家公司。
(3)当believe为被动语态时，后面习惯接不定式。
You are believed to be honest.
2 have trouble with sth/sb 某物出了麻烦，与某人相处起来有困难
I have trouble with my roommate.
我和我的室友相处起来有些问题。
相关短语：get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境 in trouble 陷入困境
Nothing gives him more pleasure than helping someone in trouble.
没有一件事要比帮助陷入困境的人带给他更大的快乐。
3 复习一下定语从句的相关语法
关系代词可以有四个概念：
a.代人的，做主语或宾语who只做宾语的whom
b.代物的，做主语或宾语 which
c.代人的也可以代物的 做主语或宾语 that
d.whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定
我有一个房子，房子的窗户都破了。
I have a house whose windows are broken.
e.介词后不可以用that
The school in which he once studied is very famous.
他曾上学的学校很出名。
4 But none of them has been turned to stone yet!
但到目前为止还没有一个变成石头呢!
turn to表示向……求助，与turn搭配的短语还有：
turn off 关掉 turn back 折回, 返回 turn out v.结果是, 生产, 出... turn in 上缴, 拐入, 交还 in turn 轮流地
Please turn off the electric power.
请把电源关掉。
The film turned out to be a great success.
这部影片结果大获成功。
She asked the same question of everyone in turn.
她依次向每一个人问同样的问题。
5 It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一
本句中有一个定语从句 I have ever seen,关系代词that被省略了，原因是被修饰的名词face在从句中做的是宾语，因此可以将关系代词省去。
Lesson29
【课文】
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Does Captain Fawcett think any trip is too dangerous?
Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field. Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.
【课文翻译】
本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。这架奇妙的飞机可以载7名乘客。然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至刚耕过的田里。弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生，他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。从那时开始，弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。一次，他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上;还有一次，降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛 -- 罗卡尔岛，弗西特机长之所以不送他去，是因为那段飞行太危险了。
【生词和短语】
taxi n. 出租车
Pilatus Porter 皮勒特斯•波特
land v. 着陆
plough v. 耕地
lonely adj. 偏僻的，人迹罕至的
Welsh adj. 威尔士的
roof n. 楼顶
block n. 一座大楼
flat n. 公寓房
desert v.废弃
【知识点讲解】
1 The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.
然而，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落。
(1)本句中有一个新的语法结构，即插入语。所谓插入语是指在一个句子中间插入一个成分，它不作句子的何种成分，也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系，这个成分称之插入语。插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释，说明或总结;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下，使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。 插入语的类型包括：形容词(短语)，副词(短语)，介词短语或是不定式短语。
Strange, there is nobody in the classroom. 很奇怪，教室里没人。
In short, we should not stop halfway. 简而言之，我们不能半途而废。
That's a wonderful idea, to be sure. 这个主意好极了，的确。
(2 )is that it can land anywhere 是一个从句，起表语作用，被称为表语从句。
表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等。
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
2 Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.
本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的业务。
本句中，service做名词使用，表示服务或业务好、之意。做动词时表示保养，维护，支付(借款)利息。
He suggested that my car should be serviced.
他建议我把汽车送去保养。
(1)service有时以复数形式出现。
The waitress has offered her services to us.
这个女服务生已经向我们自荐了。
Her services are entirely satisfactory.
她的服务完全令人满意。
(2)one's service常表示不同的意思。
He took her into his service.
他雇她做他的保姆。
句中his service意思为“他的被人服务”。
He offered his services to her.
此处的his services意思为“他为人服务”。
3 on another occasion 还有一次 n. 场合, 时机, 理由, 机会, 盛大场面
I only wear a tie on special occasions.
我只在特殊场合才打领带。
相关短语：on occasion 偶尔，有时 have occasion to…表示“有……的必要”，have no/little occasion to表示“没有……的必要”。此时occasion前面不能用冠词an或the。
I call on him on occasion.
我偶尔去拜访他。
I have no occasion to see him these days.
这些天我都没有机会见到他。
4 The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'.
这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯.波特“号。
called 在此句中为过去分词做定语，作为被动状态来翻译的，ing表示正在进行的动词，用主动语态来翻译。
I have a cat called Lucy. 我有一只猫，名叫lucy
The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.=The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.
坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
5 Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.
弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。
本句中出现一个重点名词request，意为请求，要求。它的动词形式是require。
(1)request较ask正式，一般不出现在口语中;
(2)request作名词时，后可接for，但作及物动词时，后不可接for。例如a request for assistance和He requested assistance;
(3)request作动词时，后不可接宾语和for。
We requested them for assistance.
这个句子是错误，正确的应该是We requested assistance from them.
我们需要他们的帮助。
