Question

想不明白

___ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.
选in spite ofwhat 为什么不可选 though what ？
我不可以把what当主语，has recently been done 当谓语吗？不是说what引导主语从句吗，那它就是个完整的句子，这时候为什么不能用though?

Answer 1

首先in spite of 后面只能加名词，或类似本句中的名词性从句。而though/although后面+的是完整的句子。
其次你需要知道，what在本句中引导的名词性从句作in spite of 的宾语，what has recently been done to provide more buses for the people，整个这一句其实就是个名词things，某事。为什么？因为what做引导词时等于the things that，所以这个名词性从句其实就是the things that has recently been done to provide more buses for the people， 这就转换成了定语从句：things为先行词，that为引导词，整个that后面都是修饰things的。所以可以直接把原句简化理解为: In spite of the things, xxx remains a serious problem.
综上所述，你说的though what是不合适的。因为though 要加从句，而what引导的并不是完整的句子，只充当一个名词的作用。

Answer 2

如果不当问句，what引导的句子就是个名词

in spite of + 名词 很好

这里though+ what从句当不了主语啊，后面没它的地方