新概念英语第一册Lesson31~36语法及单词解析
新概念英语第一册Lesson31~32语法及单词解析
1.climb v.
(1)攀登,攀爬:
The children are always climbing trees.
孩子们总是在爬树。
He likes climbing mountains.
他喜欢爬山。
(2)逐步上升(增长):
The temperature is climbing steadily.
温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。
The price of gold climbed back.
金价逐渐回升了。
(3)(在社会地位等方面)往上爬:
He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder.
他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。
He has climbed to a very high position in his field.
他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。
2.run v.
(1)跑,奔跑:
He is running quickly.
他正飞快地跑着。
He runs a mile every morning to keep fit.
他每天早晨跑一英里步以保持身体健康。
(2)流动;流出:
The current is running strong.
水流湍急。
Her eyes ran with tears.
她落泪了。
(3)追赶;追逐:
The dog is running after a cat.
那只狗正在追赶一只猫。
Many young men are running after that girl.
许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。
语法 Grammar in use
现在进行时(1)
(1)在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或事件,要用动词的现在进行时形式。现在进行时由be的现在时形式(am, is, are)+现在分词组成。如课文中的Shes sitting under the tree 和Hes climbing the tree等句子均为现在进行时。对大多数动词来说,在动词后面直接加-ing即可构成现在分词,如doing, climbing。以-e结尾的动词,要去掉-e,再加-ing,如making。如果动词只有一个元音字母而其后跟了一个辅音字母时,则需将与辅音字母 双写,再加-ing,如running, sitting。
(2)疑问式:将用了现在进行时的句子变成一般疑问句时只需将助动词提前。如:
Hes reading a magazine.
他正在看一本杂志
Is he reading a magazine?
他正在看一本杂志吗?
(3)否定式:现在进行时的否定式是将否定词not放在助动词之后。如:
The dog is drinking its milk.
狗正在喝它的那份牛奶
The dog is not drinking its milk.
狗没在喝它的那份牛奶。
新概念英语第一册Lesson33~34语法及单词解析
语法 Grammar in use
现在进行时(2)
(请参见第31-32课_Where's Sally?语法部分。)
现在进行时的形式是由be的现在时形式+现在分词形式构成。当句中主语名词为复数或者人称代词为第2人称或第3人称复数时,be的现在时形式应为are。
What are the cooks doing ? Are they washing dishes?
这些厨师在干什么?在洗盘子吗?
No,they aren’t washing dishes .They’re cooking.
没有,他们没在洗盘子。他们正在烹饪。
词汇学习 Word study
1.jump v.
(1)跳跃;跃过:
They are jumping a ditch.
他们正跃过一个深沟。
They jumped off the wall and ran off.
他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。
(2)略去;跳过:
He jumped the first grade in college.
他跳过大学一年级(指跳级直接升入二年级)。
(3)突然上升;猛增:
They jumped the registration fees from £20 to £50.
他们把注册费从20英镑涨到50英镑。
His company's profits jumped surprisingly last year.
他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。
2.sleep
(1)v.睡觉:
He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.
他每夜只睡4个小时。
I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.
我兴奋得无法入睡。
(2)n.睡眠;睡觉:
He had a good sleep last night.
他昨天夜里睡得很酣畅。
新概念英语第一册Lesson35~36语法及单词解析
语法 Grammar in use
短语动词
短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动词,即动词+介词或副词小品词。英语(特别是在非正式的、惯用的英语)中存在着一种用动词短语代替与 其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。如听到敲门声,我们会说Come in而不会用Enter来表达。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的,这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组合,如along, down, in, off, on, out, over, under等。例如:
The cats are running along the wall.
猫正沿着墙跑。
The children are jumping off the branch.
孩子们正从树枝上跳下来。
不仅一个单个动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品词一起构成短语动词,而且一个短语动词本身也可能有几种不同的意义。
词汇学习 Word study
1.go into
(1)走进;进入:
He is going into a shop.
他正走进一家商店。
(2)进入;介入:
They're going into the business world.
他们正步入商界。
2.sit on
(1)坐在……上:
The children are sitting on the grass.
孩子们正坐在草地上。
(2)<口>拖延;压下:
They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as possible.
他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出去。
3.run along
(1)沿着……跑:
The dogs are running along the river banks.
狗正沿着河岸奔跑。
(2)离开;走开:
It's getting dark, we must run along.
天黑了,我们得走了。