定语从句中,什么时候用that ,什么时候用which?
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关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语,代替物时,在限制性定语从句中,可以用that或which,在非限制性定语从句,只用which。
以下情况要注意:
1) 当关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时,不可用that,只能用whom或which。例如:
The book from which (不用 that) I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist. 我从中得到许多有用信息的那本书是一位著名科学家写的。
Who is the boy with whon (不用 that) you were talking a moment ago? 刚才和你谈话的那个男孩是谁?
但是当介词位于定语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词则仍可用that,也可省去。例如,以上两句可改为:
The book (that或which) I got a lot of useful information from was written by a famous scientist.
Who is the boy (that或which) you were talking with a moment ago?
2) 当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing等不定代词,或被 first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no以及形容词最高级等词修饰时,应该用关系代词that,不用which。例如:
I am interested in all that you have told me. 你告诉我的一切我都感兴趣。
He asked for the best book that there was on the subject. 他要有关这个内容的最好的书。
3) 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时,要用关系代词that引导定语从句。例如:
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited there. 我们在那儿访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。
以下情况要注意:
1) 当关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时,不可用that,只能用whom或which。例如:
The book from which (不用 that) I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist. 我从中得到许多有用信息的那本书是一位著名科学家写的。
Who is the boy with whon (不用 that) you were talking a moment ago? 刚才和你谈话的那个男孩是谁?
但是当介词位于定语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词则仍可用that,也可省去。例如,以上两句可改为:
The book (that或which) I got a lot of useful information from was written by a famous scientist.
Who is the boy (that或which) you were talking with a moment ago?
2) 当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing等不定代词,或被 first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no以及形容词最高级等词修饰时,应该用关系代词that,不用which。例如:
I am interested in all that you have told me. 你告诉我的一切我都感兴趣。
He asked for the best book that there was on the subject. 他要有关这个内容的最好的书。
3) 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时,要用关系代词that引导定语从句。例如:
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited there. 我们在那儿访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。
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首先,一般的限制性定语从句,that连接的时候先行词既可以是人,也可以是物。which引导的定语从句先行词,通常只能是物。
另外,在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which,不能用that。
最后,还有许多特殊情况,也只能用that引导。1.人加物做先行词
2.先行词是形容词最高级,或者被修饰。
3.序数词,同上。
另外,在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which,不能用that。
最后,还有许多特殊情况,也只能用that引导。1.人加物做先行词
2.先行词是形容词最高级,或者被修饰。
3.序数词,同上。
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一般逗号后面用which,如果没有逗号,是一个完整句子的话,就可以用that,不过也有特殊情况,如果前面已经存在that这个单词,那么后面的定语从句就只能用which了
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