英语动词时态有哪几种?
2023-11-29 · 百度认证:云南新华电脑职业培训学校官方账号
参照上表,由第1列至第4列(竖着看)对应的16种时态分别是:
1. 一般现在时,例句: We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。
2. 现在进行时,例句:I am playing computer games now.我正在打电脑游戏。
3. 现在完成时,例句:She has been to New York twice. 她已经去过纽约两次。
4. 现在完成进行时,例句:He has been teaching math for 10 years.他已经教数学10年了。
5. 一般过去时,例句:I bought 2 comic books yesterday.昨天我买了2本漫画书。
6. 过去进行时,例句:We were playing basketball at 6 p.m. yesterday. 昨天下午6点我们正在打篮球。
7. 过去完成时,例句:The train had already left by the time I got to the station.在我到达车站前,火车就已经离开了。
8. 过去完成进行时,例句:At last he got the offer from the university he had been expecting.他终于收到了期盼已久的大学录取通知书。
9. 一般将来时,例句:I will go to Kunming tomorrow.我明天将会去昆明。
10. 将来进行时,例句:I will be doing my homework this time tomorrow.
明天的这个时候我正在做作业。
11. 将来完成时,例句:By this time next year, I will have graduated from the university. 到明年这个时候,我已经从大学毕业了。
12. 将来完成进行时,例句:By the time the sun rises, I shall have been sleeping for nine hours.太阳升起来之前,我已经睡了9个小时了。
13. 过去将来时,例句:I knew that she would be late.我知道她会迟到。
14. 过去将来进行时,例句:They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
15. 过去将来完成时(较少使用),例句:He said he would have paid me back the money by the end of the weekend. 他说将在周末前还我钱。
16. 过去将来完成进行时(很少使用)【表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间。】,例句:He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. 他说到了春季学期末,他就学了三年英语了。
延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久地继续下去或能产生持久的影响。这类动词有:contain,have,hold, lie,live,make,sit,rain,sleep,stand,study,wait, wear,work等。此外,表示状态、感情、思维等动词,如:believe,consider,hate,hope,know,like,love,respect,think,understand,wish等也属延续性动词。要表示状态和延续性动作时必须要用延续性动词。如:
错:This book has been put on the desk for a week.
对:This book has been lying on the desk for a week.
这本书已经在桌子上放一个星期了。
错:Men put on suits when they attend meetings.
对:Men wear suits when they attend meetings.
男人在开会的时候穿西装。
2.非延续性动词
非延续性动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时间完成的。这类动词有add,admit,answer,arrive,ask, attack,begin,break,bring,buy,catch,close,come, die,discover,fall,do,leave,open,put on,sell, start,stay,stop,return,take off等。要表示非延续性动作时必须用非延续性动词,不可用延续性动词。如:
错:When did she know my e-mall address?
对:When did she get to know my e-mail address?
她什么时候知道我的e-mail地址?
●延续性动词如果要表示瞬时的动作,则需借助come, begin,get等一时性动词。如:
①How did you come to know it?你怎么知道这件事的?
②After lunch it began to rain.午饭后天下起雨来。
③ I can't get used to the wet weather.我不能习惯于这潮湿的天气。