Question

英语几个语法问题

1.prove sb adj 有没有这个说法 例如 prove sam wrong 证明Sam是错误的
2.this kind of pen writes very smoothly.之前我看见过这个句子，我填了is written ，我想笔不能自己写啊，但为什么答案是writes呢 类似的还有 this kind of chair feels more comfortable.
3.he's often heard retelling english texts in his room. 我看了参考答案是填retelling，但我填的是to retell 我想听他复述文章，有个often，所以就这样填.

Answer 1

1.有prove +n+adj 这种复合宾语结构 具体可参考http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=150190361 介绍很详细 可以帮你彻底掌握prove的用法与搭配。
2.你说的这种情况是英语的一种语法现象 即主动表被动。主动表被动的几种情形：
一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形：
(1)某些连系动词主动表被动：look, sound, smell, taste, prove, feel
This kind of cloth feels soft.
That dog looks dangerous.
My advice proved to be wrong.

(2) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用做不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。他们通常与can’t, won’t等连用。
The door won’t shut.
Suddenly the door opened. (不强调谁开了门)

(3)当read, write, wash, sell, clean, cook, burn, draw, cut, wear等词与well, easily, quickly 等副词连用时，常用主动表被动。
The cloth washes well.
The poem reads smoothly.
The book sells well.
This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft.
This shirt will wear very long.
The floor doesn’t clean easily.
This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
但是别的时候要看具体情况而定：
This book sells well. So far, 200 books have been sold out.
The sentence was read clearly by her.

(4)某些表示开始和结束的动作（begin, start, finish, end, etc.），当主语是事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动表被动。
When does the concert begin ?
The play ended at ten o’clock.

二、非谓语动词主动表被动的情况：
(1)不定式to blame, to let用做表语时，通常用主动表被动。
Who is to blame?(该怪谁呢？)
The house is to let. (此屋出租。)
(2)在“be +形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常……
The question is difficult to answer.
Do you think the water is safe to drink?
(3) 不定式用于某些动词的（have, have got, get, want, need）宾语后做定语时：
I have some letters to write.
I want something to drink.
但是注意：
I have something to type.(我自己打)
I have something to be typed. (请别人打)
所以：当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动表被动，若不一致，则需用被动表被动。
I have a letter to post. (自己寄)
I have a letter to be posted. (请别人寄)

(4)be worth doing; need / want / require doing (to be done)结构中
In all, the book is worth reading.
This might be worth thinking about.
The plants want watering / to be watered every day.
The wall wants repairing / to be repaired
3.此句之所以要用hearing 主要是根据题意“别人常常听到他正在自己的房间里复述课文” 这而别人听到的那一刻他正在复述课文 指的是别人听到的那一刻正在发生的动作 故用现在进行时 而often这个度副词只表示这个动作进行的次数很多 很频繁 并无其他含义 至于你选to retell 而动词不定式的一般式表示的动作还未发生 所以他复述课文就不会被别人听到 故不符合题意
建议你找一本讲解比较详细的语法书查询一下动词的时态和非谓语动词的用法 动词是英语的灵魂 很重要 所以建议你全面的学习一下

Answer 2

1.prove+宾语+宾语补足语
(1)形容词作宾语补足语
例：They proved themselves wise and brave.他们证实自己机智、勇敢.
Facts have proved these worries groundless.事实证明,这些忧虑是没有理由
2.此处用作的是不及物动词 vi. 写;写字 注意：不及物动词不能用被动语态
例：This pen writes well.
这笔写起来很流畅。
3.此处答案与often没关系
be heard之后需要的是名词形式，而retell（复述）是动词，则理应把动词变成动名词的形式retelling（动名词），意思为“在房间里他经常被听到在复述文章”

Answer 3

1. sb is proved to be +adj.
2. 不能填 is written，英语中规定的有几个特殊的词，用主动的形式表被动的意义。
3. 把这个句子转换成主动语太就好理解了。hear/see/find sb do/doing sth. 没有后面接to do 的。变被动语态后，do/doing sth不变，所以填retelling.