Question

什么是动词不定式的被动语态

Answer 1

不定式用主动形式还是被动形式，往往取决于句子的意思，即意思上为主动就用主动形式，意思上为被动就用被动形式，如：

Did it need to be done so soon? 这事需要这么快就做吗?

She can’t bear to be laughed at. 她受不了被人嘲笑。

There was business to be taken care of. 有生意要人管理。

It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否正确，以后见分晓。

There was a lot of rubbish to be got rid of. 有大量垃圾需要扔掉。

不定式完成被动式的用法：

不定式的完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作：

I’m pleased to have been given this opportunity. 给了我这次机会我很高兴。

It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 据说它是明朝修建的。

扩展资料：  

在英语中不定式最常用于质词"to"之后， 例如在 "to walk", "to cry", "to eat", "to fear".这种用法叫做to-infinitive。莎士比亚在著作哈姆雷特的独白时就大量采用了这类不定式动词。

To be or not to be ...

To sleep, perchance to dream ...

经常跟在to后形成不定式的动词包括:

例如:

I arranged to stay the night. ("我已安定好今晚留在这里。")

We intend to go skiing this weekend. ("我们打算这个周末去滑雪。")

I swear to honour you. ("我发誓为你增光。")

这些有宾词，然后加上有to的不定式的动词包括 (连同以上带有星号的动词): advise, allow, challenge, command, compel, condemn, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, induce, inspire, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, program, remind, teach, tell, train, urge, warn.

有些动词之后加 for + 宾词 + to-然后不定式. 通常这些动词包含渴望的意思，不能单单在后面加上宾词和不定式 (though an infinitive alone may work). 这些动词包括 apply, arrange, ask, call, clamour, long, opt, plead, press, vote, wait, wish, yearn.

例如:

I have arranged for the neighbour to water the plants. （“我已安排好邻居给植物给水。”）

I pleaded for him to accompany me to the theatre. （“我恳求他陪我去看戏。”）

参考资料来源：百度百科-动词不定式    

Answer 2

动词不定式有两种被动语态形式： 一般式to be written
完成式to have been written 例：
The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.下-步要做的事是把土运走。
No harm seems to have been done.似乎并没有造成损害。 分裂不定式
有时在不定式符号"to"和动词原形之间插入一个副词，这种现象叫做分裂不定式(split infinitive)。插入动词不定式的副词，习惯上往往与不定式动词连在一起。如：
He likes to half close his eyes.他喜欢半闭着眼睛。
Our object is to further cement friendly relations between the two countries.我们的目的是进一步加强两国之间的友好关系。
At first he wasn't interested in bookkeeping，but later he began to actually like it.起初他对会计工作没有兴趣，但到后来倒喜欢起它来了

Answer 3

不定式的时态和语态

1） 一般式表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后，例如

He seems to know this. 他似乎知道这事。

I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2） 完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。

He seems to have caught a cold. 他好像已经得了感冒。

3） 进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如：

He seems to be eating something. 他好像正在吃什么东西。

4） 完成进行式表示动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。例如：

She is known to have been working on the problem for many years. 我们知道她研究这问题有好几年了

Answer 4

前有do后省略to

Answer 5

被动语态：
1：英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
语态的作用：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。
语态的选用：如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。
例如：We clean the room every day.
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要用被动语态。
例如：The room is cleaned every day.
被动语态由“助动词be + 急务动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有人称、数和事态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
2：被动语态的各种形式
1) am/is/are +done
eg1：I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world.
eg2：Football is not played all over the world.
eg3: Is football played all over the world?
这些玩具是中国制造的。
这个小偷是在那家超级市场被抓住的。
2）has /have been done
eg1：This book has been translated (翻译) into many foreign languages.
eg2：This book has not been translated into many foreign languages.
eg3: Has this book been translated into many foreign languages?
那两把伞已经送给了我父母。
今天这首歌已经被唱了几次了？
3）am/is /are being done
eg1：A road is being built around the mountain.
eg2：A road is not being built around the mountain.
eg3: Is a road being built around the mountain?
我们不能搬进新房间因为它正在油漆。
4） was/were done
eg1：This house was built in 1958.
eg2：This house was not built in 1958.
eg3: Was this house built in 1958?
昨天上午这条裙子被卖走了。
我的书在哪里？刚才它被放在桌子上得。
5) was/were being done
eg1：Meeting was being held when I was there.
eg2：Meeting was not being held when I was there.
eg3: Was meeting being held when you were there?
6) shall/will be done
eg1：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg2：He will not be taken to hospital tomorrow.
eg3: Will he be taken to hospital tomorrow?
动物园的动物马上要喂养了。
3：练习
1). Put the following sentences into the passive voice (by phrase may be omitted)
1. People speak English in many countries.

2. We built this bridge last year.

3. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.

4. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.

5. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.

6. We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.

7. Has anybody fed the birds?

8. People will never forget the accident.

9. You may write this letter in pencil.

10.They are repairing the car in the garage.

11.Someone must have turned on the light without your notice.

12.They have found ways to make waste water clean.

13.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.

14.They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.

15.They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.

16.The doctor will ask the patient some questions before he gives her medicine.

17.They made (选举) the young man head of the volleyball team.

18.Someone will tell you how to prepare for the examination (考试).

19.They criticized me for something wrong that I had done.

20.Someone has taken the stranger (陌生人) to another hospital.

21.It surprised me to hear that they wouldn't give him a holiday after his hard work.

22.People will laugh at (嘲笑) you if you wear that dress.

23.I have told him that he didn't finish his homework yesterday..

24.We must finish the work by six o'clock this afternoon.

25.Do you often clean your room?

26.They are making this type of radios in shanghai.

27.Could you carry out (执行) the plan on time?

28.We must pay attention to (注意) such problems.

29.Someone is showing them how to operate (操作) the computers.

30.You should put forward (提出) the questions at the meeting.

31.He is sure to finish the job by then.

32.She is going to play the match today.

33.People are talking about the things all over the town.

34.We saw a bus running towards us at that time

35.They made her leader (领袖) of the group.

36.They had to put off (推迟) the sports meet because of the rain.

37.We don't have to write it in such a hurry.

2). Make the best choice:
38.Our house_____,
A. is getting paint B. is getting painted C. is got painted D. has got to paint
39.He arrived in Beijing, and he _____his friend there..
A. was met by B. was met C. was meeting D. met by
40.The mistakes (错误) in the exercises will _____the teacher.
A. cross B. be crossing C. be crossed by D. cross by
41.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.
A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to
42.It_______this way
A. is had to do B. is had to be done C. had to be done D. has to do
43. _____Chaplin.
A. The child's name was called B. The child's name calls
C. The child calls D. The child is named
44.The sports meeting____ .
A. is put off B. is to put off C. is to be put off D. puts off
45.The story ______in China.
A. was taken place B. has been taken place
C. took place D. was happened
46.Great changes _____in our province (省). Many tall buildings.
A. have been taken place, have been set up B. have taken place, have been set up
C. have been taken place, have been set up D. were taken place, were set up
47. Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.
A. have now been rebuilding B. are now rebuilding
C. are now being rebuilt D. are rebuilt now
48. The flowers should ____ every morning.
A. water B. watered C. be watering D. be watered
49. Do you know what ____ in a hundred years?
A. happens B. is happened C. will happen D. will be happened
50. Where ___ the machines ___?
A. is; made B. are; made C. have; made D. do; make
51. The bridge ___ in three weeks.
A. will build B. is built C. will be built D. is being built
52. This kind of machine _____ well.
A. is sold B. sell C. sells D. are sold
53. Mrs. Green____ to work last week.
A. has been B. has gone C. went.
54. The maths problems are too hard _____
A. be done B. to do them C. to work out D. be worked out
55. The children ____ games under the tree .
A. were seen play B. saw playing C. were seen playing D. were seen to play
56. Many of the stars cannot ___ because they are too far away ____ us .
A. see , to B. be seen , from C. seen, for D. being seen, for
57. Where ___ your keys ____?
A. did find B. were founded C. were founded D. did founded
58. The umbrellas have _____ because of the heavy rain these days.
A. sold out B. sold over C. been sold off D. been sold out
59. They told us that the car _____ at that moment.
A. was repairing B. was being repaired C. being repaired D. was to repairing
60. Some advice _____ the pupils by the professor.
A. was given B. was gave to C. was being given D. was given to

被动语态二焦点
一、带双宾语的两种被动语态形式
1）用直接宾语作主语时在间接宾语前加介词“to”：
1．I'll give her a present for her birthday． （直接宾语） (give sth to sb)
A present will be given to her for her birthday by me．
2．She told me the news． （直接宾语） (tell sth to sb)
The news was told to me by her．
2）另一种一般用直接宾语作被动语态的主语，且须在间接宾语前加上介词“for”：
1．I've bought my little sister a sweater． （直接宾语） (buy sth for sb)
A sweater has been bought for my little sister by me．
2．Mother cooks some delicious food for me． （直接宾语） (cook sth for sb)
Some delicious food is cooked for me by Mother．
类似的动词有：read，draw，make，get等。
有时用间接宾语作主语讲不通，或不习惯，也须转用直接宾语作主语。如：
My girl friend writes me a letter every week．
I am written a letter by my girl friend every week．（错句）
A letter is written to me by my girl friend every week．
类似的动词有：return，send，pass，hand，sell，teach等。
二、许多不及物动词加上介词或副词而变为及物短语动词，这时同样可以有被动语态。但应注意短语的整体性，在变为被动语态时不应丢掉后边的介词或副词。
1?动词＋介词
a．The doctor has already been sent for．
b．The news has never been heard of before．
类似的短语动词有：call on，look after，talk about，look at，ask for，wait for．．．
2．动词＋副词
a．A new play will be put on (上演) next week．
b．The problem has been worked out．
类似的短语动词有：put off (推迟)，think over，take off (脱、取消)，look up (查询)，sell out，use up (用光)．．．
3．动词＋副词＋介词
a．The poor were looked down upon before liberation．解放前穷人被人瞧不起。
b．He was looked up to by everyone．他被人们所敬仰。
类似的短语动词有：get out of，look out of，get on with，get along with (与。。。相处)，catch up with (赶上)，keep up with (跟上)．．．
4．动词＋名词＋介词
a．Lin Fen can take good care of your children．
1）Your children can be taken good care of by Lin Feng．
2）Good care can be taken of your children by Lin Feng．
b．They never paid attention to (注意、关注) the matter．
1）The matter was never paid attention to．
2）Attention was never paid to the matter．
类似的短语动词有：make fun of，make use of，make friends with，take part in (参加)．．．

将下列句子改成被动语态
1. Lin Fen gives her little brother some orange juice.
2. He always asks the teachers some strange questions.
3. She has told the police what had happened.
4. What did your father buy for you?
5. The students are making that sick boy some paper cranes.
6. That artist drew the King a horse.
7. A postman sent you this letter just now.
8. I will get you this necklace as your birthday present.
9. They returned their teacher that book yesterday evening.
10. This term Mr Li is going to teach us physics.
11. Now some students are looking after that old lady.
12. Last week he called on his uncle.
13. As it is raining heavily, we have to out off the football match.
14. They have taken off the 5 a.m. train.
15. You can look up these words in your dictionary.
16. They have used up all their money.
17. Everyone in the class got on well with the twins.
18. The policeman soon caught up with the thief.
19. Now we can make use of the money we have.
20. He sometimes made fun of his classmates.
21. The teacher divided (分开) the class into four groups.