Question

请大家帮忙翻译一下这句话，最好能解释一下语法结构。谢谢！

the huge revenue loss from extending the tax cuts for all income below that amount is included in his deficit projections for the remainder of the decade.

Answer 1

为你提供正确的译文才是关键，不能光会分析语法结构，句子反而译歪了：

将减税扩大到那个数额以下的所有收入所造成的巨额收入损失，已包括在他为这个十年余下时间所做的赤字预测终。

就语法而言，The huge revenue loss 是主语，is included 是谓语，被动语态。
from extending the tax cuts for all income below that amount 是作为修饰主语的定语短语，其中below that amount修饰tax cuts，指低于那个数额就可免所得税。由介词for引出的for the remainder of the decade的定语短语，用来修饰状语短语in his deficit projections。

Answer 2

从延长低于该数额的所有收入的减税巨额收入损失包括在他的赤字预计为十年的剩余

Answer 3

由于大面积降低所得税的征收而造成的国家税收的流失已计入了他为这十年所剩下的时间做出的赤字预算。
句子框架是：the huge revenue loss (主语）...is included （谓语，被动语态，“被计入”）...
from extending the tax cuts for all income below that amount 介词短语，作主语的后置定语；below that amount 这是指这句之前提到的“低于多少收入”免征所得税，这里用“大面积降低所得税的征收”就可以包含。
in his deficit projections for the remainder of the decade.介词短语，作状语

Answer 4

将减税扩大到那个数额以下的所有收入所造成的巨额收入损失，已包括在他为这个十年余下时间所做的赤字预测终。

就语法而言，The huge revenue loss 是主语，is included 是谓语，被动语态。
from extending the tax cuts for all income below that amount 是作为修饰主语的定语短语，其中below that amount修饰tax cuts，指低于那个数额就可免所得税。由介词for引出的for the remainder of the decade的定语短语，用来修饰状语短语in his deficit projections

Answer 5

从延长低于该数额的所有收入的减税巨额收入损失已包括在本十年剩余的赤字的预测。