Question

英译汉文本翻译 要完整的翻译，语句要合理通顺有逻辑性，拒绝软件直译

There has been a clear trend in the automotive industry in recent years towards increased ride comfort and fuel efficiency. As the power transmission unit, transmissions play an important role in vehicle performance and fuel economy. There are currently several types of transmissions and the associated technologies that offer different performance priorities when fit into a vehicle [1]. Manual transmissions have an overall efficiency of 96.2%, which is the highest efficiency value for any type of transmission. Current production automatics have been improved to provide an efficiency of not more than 86.3%. Belt type CVT’s have an overall efficiency of 84.6%, however, the major advantage ofCVT is that it allows the engine to operate in the most fuel-efficient manner [2]. Automated manual transmissions have the same efficiency of manual transmissions and offer operation
convenience similar to conventional automatic transmissions. There exist two technically feasible designs for automated lay-shaft gearing transmissions. One uses a single clutch and is basically a manual transmission with an added-on control unit that automates the clutch and shift operations. In this design, there is an interruption of torque during a gear change since the engine is cut-off by the clutch during shift. This torque interruption leads to unanticipated passenger felt jerks due to vehicle acceleration discontinuity and is highly uncharacteristic of conventional
automatic transmissions. The other design uses a dual-clutch system between the engine and the transmission and overcomes the shortcomings of the single clutch version [3]. The two clutches are engaged alternatively in different speeds and power transmission continues during a shift through the control of clutch slippage. A shift process involves the engagement of the oncoming clutch and the release of the offgoing clutch. This results in shift characteristics that are typical of clutch-to-clutch shifts commonly seen in conventional automatic transmissions.

Answer 1

目前已在逐步增加乘坐的舒适性和燃油效率近年来在汽车行业的明显趋势。作为动力传动装置，传动装置发挥汽车性能和燃油经济的重要作用。目前有几种类型的传输和相关技术，提供不同性能的优先事项时，将一车适合[1]。手动变速箱有96.2％，这是任何类型的传输效率值最高的整体效率。目前生产的自动化已得到改进，提供一个不超过86.3％的效率。皮带式无级变速器钬檚有84.6％的整体效率，然而，主要优势在于，它允许ofCVT发动机工作在最省油的方式[2]。自动手动变速箱有手动变速箱，并提供了同样的效率运作
方便类似传统的自动变速器。存在两个技术上可行的自动避变速箱齿轮轴的设计。一种使用一个单一的离合器和手动变速箱基本上是一个带有附加的控制单元，自动离合器和移位操作。在这个设计中，有一个中断的扭矩在发动机齿轮以来的变化是减少由在换档离合器了。这扭矩中断导致意外的乘客感到抽搐由于车辆加速间断，是高度常规异常
自动变速器。其他设计之间使用的发动机和变速器的双离合器系统，克服了单离合器版本的缺点[3]。两个离合器交替在从事不同的速度和动力传输过程中通过控制离合器打滑转移仍在继续。一个转变的过程涉及到即将到来的参与和离合器的offgoing离合器释放。在移特性，这结果是常用的传统的自动变速箱离合器出现到离合器转变的典型。