Question

求翻译。不要机器翻译。。谢谢。

霍桑生活在殖民时期教权统治的新英格兰，不可避免地接受了清教的某些思想，尤其是他的“原罪之说”：“神是万能至上的，人是微不足道的，且为万恶之源，上帝创造人，原是依神的风貌而塑造，充满了神的恩宠，闪烁着神的完美之光，然而由于亚当的堕落，破坏了洋溢着神之光荣的整个自然程序，使人自己远离了神，因而所有的人都生而有罪，且无法以本身的力量和行为使自己得救。”霍桑相信“原罪之说”，他认为人心生来都是罪恶的，黑暗的，“罪恶是人的胎记。”现实社会的一切罪恶都源于人内心的丑恶，源于人类灵魂的堕落。除此之外，在霍桑的家族史中，曾有先人是压制迫害教友派和女巫的当权人物，他们的酷刑给霍桑的思想投下了阴影。
因为相信原罪的存在，霍桑一直思考着如何能使人洗清这种灵魂上的罪恶，通过自身的改造来拯救社会。所以他在塑造海丝特这一形象时，首先就把她定位成有罪之人，认为她应该受到惩罚，而最可怕的惩罚莫过于与世的隔绝，即“人性的异化”。所谓“异化”，是指割断一个人与外部的联系，使他不再有参与生活的权利。这种“异化”是上帝给予人类最可怕的惩罚，它最终会导致人的毁灭。霍桑对它是有亲身体验的。他在大学毕业后曾离群索居达十一年之久，处于隔绝状态的“隐士”生活使他感到自己被隔绝于生活之外。在给好友朗费罗的一封信里他这样写道：“最可怕的命运莫过于无法分享生活中的欢乐或是悲伤。”一个与社会隔绝的人只能成为生活的旁观者而不是参与者，他被剥夺了参与的权利。

Answer 1

Hawthorne live in the colonial period, the right to the new england, inevitably take the certain ideas, particularly his sin said "：" god is almighty first, people are least, and the root of evil, god create man was in sight of god and molded, and full of grace of god, god's perfect, but because of adam's gone, destroyed the god of glory of the natural process that from god himself
And all the people and guilty, and is in its power and made his salvation. "believe" in hawthorne's sin said, "he thinks a thousand people are sins, dark," guilt is one of the birthmark. "the real world of all evil man's heart softened from the human soul into. in addition, in hawthorne's family 史中 there have been persecuted and suppressed quaker the assumption of power, the torture to hawthorne's ideological and cast a shadow.
Because we believe that the original sin, the existence of hawthorne's been thinking how to make clear that the soul, by their reform to save society. so he is shaping hester the image, the first thing to her as a guilty man that she should be punished, but most awful punishment must be off with the world, human alienation ". the term" alienation "refer to cut a man with external connection, he no longer have the right to participate in life. the" alienation "
God grant mankind the worst punishment, it may eventually lead to the destruction of the people. Hawthorne on it is experience. He after graduating from college once isolated amounted to eleven years is long, isolated from state "hermit" life made him feel isolated in life outside. In to friends Longfellow's letter that he wrote: "the most terrible fate is not share the joy of life or sad." A and social isolation man can become the life spectator instead of participants, he was denied the right to participate in.
阿勒。终于好了。。。。。