Question

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Several studies have reported estrous (approximately 78%) induction
rates following PG600, similar to those observed in Exp. 1
(Schilling and Cerne, 1972; Varley et al., 1989; Knox et al.,
2000). In addition, boar exposure alone advanced age at puberty in
gilts (Hughes et al., 1990). It has been suggested that PBE is
more effective in decreasing the age to puberty than FBE
(Deligeorgis et al. 1984; Paterson et al. 2002). Paterson et al.
(2002) exposed prepubertal gilts to either PBE or FBE for 10 to 15
min daily and reported that PBE decreased the days to estrus from
32 to 24 d and decreased age at puberty from 191 to 184 d compared
with FBE. Previous experiments have demonstrated that daily boar
exposure for 30 min during the period of 80 to 210 d of age also
decreased age of puberty (Kirkwood and Hughes, 1979; Paterson and
Lindsay, 1981; Paterson et al., 1989). However, in Exp. 1 there was
no effect of PBE vs. FBE when given before PG600. This result was
unexpected, but may be explained by the fact that even with
physical boar exposure as the sole stimulus for puberty induction,
variation in the estrous response is observed. It is likely that
any difference between PBE and FBE is negated when exogenous
gonadotropins are administered. Other studies have shown
considerable variation in the interval from boar exposure to
pubertal estrus and age at puberty, and these intervals range from
7 to 72 d in gilts that were between 167 to 237 d of age when
exposed to a boar (Hughes et al., 1990). The lack of an observed
effect of PBE vs. FBE also may be related to the short duration of
the exposure because in the previously mentioned studies, the
average duration of exposure was approximately 30 d. However,
because shorter exposure was effective in enhancing the estrous
induction response to PG600 in Exp. 2, it is doubtful that exposure
of gilts for periods longer than 19 d would have enhanced the
response. Without the use of PG600, gilts exposed to PBE or FBE
between 160 to 180 d of age typically do not express estrus as
early as those observed with PG600. In the studies by Caton et al.
(1986) and Hughes et al. (1990, 1997), approximately 50% of the
gilts expressed estrus by 210 d following 30 d of boar exposure.
This would indicate that PG600 given at 165 d was effective for
inducing earlier and more synchronized estrus compared with
long-term boar exposure alone.

Answer 1

有几项研究已经报道发情期(约78% )感应费率下列情,类似于观察空手道. 1 (林女士, cerne , 1972年; varley et al . 1989年; 诺克斯et al . 2000年) . 此外,野猪曝光独自年事已高,在青春期gilts (休斯et al . 1990年) . 曾有人建议, pbe是更有效的降低年龄至青春期比fbe ( deligeorgis et al . 1984年; 百et al . 2002 ) . 百et al . ( 2002 )暴露prepubertal gilts要么pbe或fbe为10至15分钟,每日报pbe下跌 几天来发情期,从1932年至1924年D与降低年龄在青春期从191个增加到184个,较四 同fbe . 以前的试验证明,每天公猪暴露30分钟,期间, 80至210 D号 年龄也减少青春期( kirkwood和1947- 1979年; 百和林塞, 1981年; 百et al . 1989 ) . 但是,在115 . 1并无效果pbe vs. fbe当前情. 这个结果是意料之外, 不过,可以解释的是,甚至有身体接触公猪作为唯一的刺激青春期的感应, 变异动情的回应是观察. 在这方面有差距pbe和fbe否定当exogenous gonadotropins管理. 其他研究有相当大的变化区间从公猪接触到青春期的发情,年龄在青春期 而这些间隔从7岁到72 d母猪,介于167至237日龄 当暴露了野猪(休斯et al . 1990年) . 缺乏应有的疗效观察pbe vs. fbe也可能与短了 因为暴露在前面提到的研究报告,他们的平均贷款额约为30丁 但是,由于较短的曝光,有效地提高了发情诱导回应情空手道. 2 ,人们怀疑暴露母猪的时间超过19个D可增强反应. 而不使用情, 母猪暴露pbe或fbe介乎160至180日龄通常并不快发情早 至于那些遵守情. 在研究caton et al . ( 1986年)和休斯et al . ( 1990年, 1997年) ,大约50%的母猪发情期发表了210 d后30 d公猪接触. 这就表明情给予165 D获得有效诱导更早更发情相比 长期暴露公猪单.