一道英语题高手来
theeducationdepartmentsaysthatschoolsafetyhassetoffalarmbellswithfrequentreportsofser...
the education department says that school safety has set off alarm bells with frequent reports of serious accidents______ students got injured or killed.
a. after which b. where c. by which d. that
我选的that 答案是B 老师讲的是把先行词accidents带进后面就是 in the accidents 有这个词组么? 望高手解析 展开
a. after which b. where c. by which d. that
我选的that 答案是B 老师讲的是把先行词accidents带进后面就是 in the accidents 有这个词组么? 望高手解析 展开
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答案是B : where
解释:where 这儿是连词 :意思是“在那方面;在那种情况下;那样”
accidents where students got ed or killed. = accidents in which students got injured or killed. 不妨姑且理解成结构还原: the accidents :students got injured or killed in the accidents 。
原句的where 表示意思是“在那方面”紧挨着accidents 修饰accidents ,由于where 这是个指示代词,结合到本句中就是:在这些事故方面,或在这些事故中, “而在这些事故中”用英语表达就是用 in which 定语从句英语解释再正确不过了】,in which = in the accidents ,这个位置本来在句子后面【accidents where students got ed or killed. = accidents in which students got injured or killed =accidents students got injured or killed in the accidents 】,但是,先行词必须放前,于是就出现中间合乎英语的句式结构。
总结:重要理解:“名词A + where + 完整的句子B ” 是英语经常用的表达方式。 表示的意思理解就是:在A 中,B (这件或这些事情B)发生了。
例如权威例句:
(1)Crashes at intersections and accidents where the driver runs off the road will be initial focus areas.
FORBES: Crash Study Seeks Participants In Effort To Save Lives
(2) From the outset of the war, journalists were killed during bombing raids, in conflict on the ground, in a suicide bombing, and in tragic accidents where journalists appear to have been mistaken for enemy forces.
UNESCO: Communication et information
解释:where 这儿是连词 :意思是“在那方面;在那种情况下;那样”
accidents where students got ed or killed. = accidents in which students got injured or killed. 不妨姑且理解成结构还原: the accidents :students got injured or killed in the accidents 。
原句的where 表示意思是“在那方面”紧挨着accidents 修饰accidents ,由于where 这是个指示代词,结合到本句中就是:在这些事故方面,或在这些事故中, “而在这些事故中”用英语表达就是用 in which 定语从句英语解释再正确不过了】,in which = in the accidents ,这个位置本来在句子后面【accidents where students got ed or killed. = accidents in which students got injured or killed =accidents students got injured or killed in the accidents 】,但是,先行词必须放前,于是就出现中间合乎英语的句式结构。
总结:重要理解:“名词A + where + 完整的句子B ” 是英语经常用的表达方式。 表示的意思理解就是:在A 中,B (这件或这些事情B)发生了。
例如权威例句:
(1)Crashes at intersections and accidents where the driver runs off the road will be initial focus areas.
FORBES: Crash Study Seeks Participants In Effort To Save Lives
(2) From the outset of the war, journalists were killed during bombing raids, in conflict on the ground, in a suicide bombing, and in tragic accidents where journalists appear to have been mistaken for enemy forces.
UNESCO: Communication et information
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名词A + where + 完整的句子B。 请问既然后面是完整的句子,那where 为何不能改用that
追答
where的基本意思永远是表示地点“在。。。地方”,是作状语修饰后面句子的谓语动词的,那怎么能够给that从句啊,即使给that从句,that也应该在accident 的后面,实际上就是如此。that应该紧挨accident , ,that后面是说明acident 的内容的。但是,英语中出现2个“that where ",一个是语法连接词毫无意义的that,一个是有实际意义的代词where ,这太不符合或很可能让人感到不可捉摸,于是,一般避免的方法是另一个用实际句子或词组代替,然而,这个该省略的不可能是where,而是that,因为同位语的that可以省略,但是where这儿不能省略啊,它表示这句话发生的地点啊,而这个地点正是原文前面有交代(句子中出现了),所以,不必再重复而用“where"替代了。本句中where既然表示一个地方,很明显就是句子前面表示地点的“the education department ”, 地点状语在英语中一般放在句子后面,但是,英语又是十分简洁的语言,集中体现在“该代就代(由于用代词),该省就省(省略结构),这就是当我们知道基本英语语法时经常感到英语的几乎所有“困难点”啊。这时必须要用逻辑分析来寻找:指代什么,省略什么,只有这样才能够正确理解英语啊。本句话的:accidents where students got injured or killed = accidents that students got injured or killed in the education department . , where = in the education department ,但是,你知道地点状语可以放在句子前面,这句也可以写成:accidents that in the education department students got injured or killed 。然而,假如用where代替 in the education department ,那么,这个where 究竟放到句子前面还是句子后面更符合更容易让人理解呢?看放到句子后面就是更不可思议的英语:即把accidents where students got injured or killed 写成:accidents students got injured or killed where 。你看是不是啊 。实际上,本文的正确直译文是:由于频繁地报道【“在教育部学生受到伤害”】严重事故,所以,教育部说学生的安全已经开始引起“警钟”。但是我们按照汉语习惯翻译成:由于不断报道学生遭到伤害,所以,教育部开始对学生安全问题敲响了警钟。这个译文完全是与上面的译文语言效果一致的,但是,英语说话太讲究“形式”,就是因为依靠文体的形式来反映句子的意思的,其实这种报道肯定是指:在教育部这个“地方(where)”或者说来自这个地方,换言之,【空间受限,不能打字】
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in the accidents 有的,就是在事故中,所以空应该填in which ,但是没有这个选项,where有时可以代替in which,所以就选b了
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