except,except for,besides三者的区别
一、except, except for都表示“除......之外（其余）都......"。
except, except for用于将其后事物排除在前述情况之外，不包含在前述情况之内。
I like all fruit except (for) oranges. 除了桔子外其余的水果我都喜欢。（把桔子排除在喜欢的水果之外）
She likes going to most sports events, except(for) cricket matches. 除了板球，绝大多数体育项目她都喜欢。（把板球排除在喜欢的运动之外）
借助词源可以更好的记住except (for)表示“不包括在内“的用法，前缀ex-表示”向外“，而词根-cept-表示拿，except的字面意思为“拿到外面，拿出来”，“拿出来”了当然不包含在（前述情况）内了。
二、位于句首时用Except for不用except。
Except for Louisa, who’s away in Berlin this weekend, we’ll all be at the party.除了这个周末去柏林的Louisa，我们都将参加晚会。
三、跟从句时用Except不用except for。
The brothers are very alike, except (that) Mark is slightly taller than Kevin. 两兄弟很像，就是Mark比Kevin稍高点。
接下来我们看看except (for)与besides的区别：
如果我们把except (for)的意思记为“除......之外（其余）都......"（表不包含在内），那么我们把besides的意思记为”除了......之外还/也（表包含在内）
What other types of music do you like besides classical?除了古典乐，你还喜欢什么类型的音乐？
Besides being heartbroken, she felt foolish. 除了心碎，她还觉得很傻。
扩展资料：
1、在否定句中，besides 也表示“除??之外不再有?? ”，与but, except 同义。如：
No one passed the exam besides [except] Jim. 除吉姆外，没一个人通过考试。
2、关于 but 与 except：
(1)两者都可表示“除??外不再有??”，但含义上略有差别：but侧重指意义的几乎完整性，而 except 则侧重指后面除去的部分。比较：
All are here but one. 除一个人都到了。
All are here except one. 还有一个人没到。
(2) but 一定不能用于句首，except 通常不用于句首：
正：Everyone is tired but (except) me.
正：Everyone but (except) me is tired.
误：But (Except) me, everyone is tired.
3、 关于 except for 与 but for：
except for 主要表示排除，but for 主要表示一种虚拟条件(与虚拟语气连用)。如：
Except for me, everyone passed the exam. 除了我之外，大家都通过了考试。
But for my help, she would not have passed the exam. 若不是我的帮助，她就不会通过考试。
for用法的关联和区别
1.作介词用法时,这三个词都有"除…之外"的含义,但except常与do／does／did／have／has／hadnothing等词形成搭配用法,或者与全部肯定词all、everything、ev?eryone等连用,或者与全部否定词nothing、nobody等连用,因此except加宾语作介词"除…之外"时常表示从整体中剔除一部分；而besides作"除…之外"时则表示"另外附加"的含义,相当于"in
addition
to"。试比较下列例句:
1)He
did
not
hing
except
watch
TV
yesterday.
2)He
said
nothing
except
to
smile
just
now.
3)All
the
students
took
at
rip
except
Tom
yesterday.
4)We
need
3
more
persons
to
finish
the
job
besides／inaddition
to
us
two.
2.作介词用法时的except后可接多种情况的介词短语。在这种情况下,except后的介词是不可省去的,except加介词的实际作用就相当于连词加相关的从句。例如:
1)The
weather
is
fine
today
except
in
the
northwest.此句相当于:
The
weather
is
fine
today
except
that
it
is
in
the
northwest.
2)His
mother
never
takes
any
exercise
except
on
the
dance
floor.此句相当于:
His
mother
never
takes
any
exercise
except
that
she
has
adance
on
the
floor.
需要强调的是except与exceptfor的用法区别:
1)Except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的,而exceptfor后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的。例如,试比较:
All
the
buildings
are
excellent
except
this
one.
All
the
buildings
are
excellent
except
for
their
location或者All
the
buildings
are
excellent
except
that
the
place
on
which
the
buid?ings
are
built
is
notgood.
2)当except用在句首时往往改用exceptfor。例如:
There
was
no
single
person
in
the
dark
street
that
night
except
apoliceman
on
his
duty.此句相当于:
Except
for
apoliceman
on
his
duty,there
was
no
single
person
in
the
dark
street
that
night.
3.相当于连词用法的except与相当于连词用法的besides的区别仍然保持它们作介词用法的含义。试比较下列例句:
1)Tom
is
a
good
student
ex?cept
that
he
is
careless.此句相当于:Tom
is
a
goods
tudent
except
for
his
carelessness.
2)Tom
seldom
comes
late
to
school
except
when
it
rains
hard.此句相当于:Tom
seldom
comes
late
to
school
except
on
a
heavily
rainy
day.
