Question

乐器有哪些？

所有 乐器 英文名

Answer 1

Violin 小提琴
A stringed instrument played with a bow, having four strings tuned at intervals of a fifth, an unfretted fingerboard, and a shallower body than the viol and capable of great flexibility in range, tone, and dynamics.
用弓演奏的一种弦乐器，具有在第五音的音程上调音的四根弦和不分格指板，形体较古提琴浅，音域、音色和强弱相当灵活

Viola 中提琴
stringed instrument of the violin family, slightly larger than a violin, tuned a fifth lower, and having a deeper, more sonorous tone.
提琴家族中的一种弦乐器，稍大于小提琴，调音比小提琴低五度，声音更为深沉、洪亮

Cello 大提琴
A four-stringed instrument of the violin family, pitched lower than the viola but higher than the double bass.
一种提琴类四弦乐器，音调比中提琴低但比低音提琴高

Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司
The largest bowed stringed instrument in the modern orchestra, also used frequently in jazz ensembles, especially played pizzicato. The double bass, usually considered a member of the violin family, is tuned in fourths and has the sloping shoulders and flat back characteristic of the viols. It has a deep range beginning about three octaves below middle C.
尤用于拨奏的现代管弦乐队的最大弓弦乐器，也常用于爵士乐合奏。低音提琴通常被算作提琴类，定弦为第四级音，颈部倾斜和背平是低音提琴的特点。它有始于中音以下三个八度音阶的深度范围

flute 长笛
A high-pitched woodwind instrument consisting of a slender tube closed at one end with keys and finger holes on the side and an opening near the closed end across which the breath is blown.
由一根一端封闭的纤细管子组成的高音木管乐器，侧边有按键和指孔，靠近封闭端有一个使气流进入的开口
Also called: transverse flute

piccolo 短笛
A small flute pitched an octave above a regular flute.
一种音调比普通笛子高八度音的小笛子

clarinet 单簧管
A woodwind instrument having a straight, cylindrical tube with a flaring bell and a single-reed mouthpiece, played by means of finger holes and keys.
单簧管，黑管一种管乐器，有直的圆筒形管身和一个外敞的管口及一个单簧吹口，以指孔和键的方式演奏

oboe 双簧管
A slender woodwind instrument with a conical bore and a double reed mouthpiece, having a range of three octaves and a penetrating, poignant sound.
带有一个圆锥形孔和双簧管吹口的细小的木管乐器，具有三个八度音域和穿透力强而尖利的声音

English horn 英国管
A double-reed woodwind instrument similar to but larger than the oboe and pitched lower by a fifth.
一种双簧的木制管乐器，类似于双簧管，但音高比双簧管低五度

bassoon或fogotto 大管
A low-pitched woodwind instrument with a double reed, having a long wooden body attached to a U-shaped lateral tube that leads to the mouthpiece. The range of this instrument is typically two octaves lower than that of the oboe.
巴松管，低音管一种低调的有双簧的木管乐器，有长的木质管身并与通向吹口的侧面管身相连，这种乐器的音域范围比双簧管明显的低两个八音度

double bassoon 低音大管
The largest and lowest pitched of the double-reed wind instruments, sounding an octave below the bassoon.
双簧管系管乐器中音高最低的也是最大的乐器，比低音管的音高低一个八度
Also called: contrabasson

horn或French horn 圆号或法国圆号
A valved brass wind instrument that produces a mellow tone from a long, narrow tube that is coiled in a circle before ending in a flaring bell.
一种有活瓣的铜管乐器，从漩涡形且端部有喇叭口的又长又细的管子里发出圆润的乐音

trumpet 小号
A soprano brass wind instrument consisting of a long metal tube looped once and ending in a flared bell, the modern type being equipped with three valves for producing variations in pitch.
一种高音铜管乐器，由一根从前为环状的金属管和呈喇叭口得末端构成，现代小号上装有三个活瓣以制造不同的音高

cornet 短号
A wind instrument of the trumpet class, having three valves operated by pistons.
号类的一种管乐器，有三个用活塞控制的栓塞

trombone 长号
A brass instrument consisting of a long cylindrical tube bent upon itself twice, ending in a bell-shaped mouth, and having a movable U-shaped slide for producing different pitches.
一种铜管乐器，由弯曲两次的长圆筒形金属管构成，尾部有喇叭形口，有一个可滑动的U形拉管，可发出不同音高的音

tuba 大号
A large, valved, brass wind instrument with a bass pitch.
大型带活塞的低音铜管乐器

kettle drums或timpani 定音鼓

compane 排钟

glockenspiel 钟琴
A percussion instrument with a series of metal bars tuned to the chromatic scale and played with two light hammers.
按半音阶调准的分级金属棒构成的打击乐器，用两个轻槌击奏

xylophone 木琴
A percussion instrument consisting of a mounted row of wooden bars graduated in length to sound a chromatic scale, played with two small mallets.
一种打击乐器，由逐级加长的一排排镶嵌的木棒组成，并发出半音音阶，用两个小木槌敲击

bass drum 大鼓
A large drum having a cylindrical body and two heads and producing a low, resonant sound.
一种大鼓，有个圆筒形鼓身和两个面，并能发出低沉的、共鸣的声音

side drum 小鼓

cymbals 钹

gong 锣

triangl 三角铁

tambourine 铃鼓
An instrument consisting of a small drumhead with jingling disks that are fitted into the rim. It is shaken with one hand and struck with the other.
小手鼓，一种由边缘嵌有能叮当作响的小金属片的小鼓面构成的一种乐器，演奏时人们一只手摇它而另一只手敲它

harp 竖琴
An instrument consisting of an upright, open triangular frame with usually 46 strings of graded lengths played by plucking with the fingers.
一种有一个通常系有四十六根长短不一的琴弦的直立的开放三角架、弹奏时用手指拨动琴弦的乐器

piano 钢琴
An instrument with a manual keyboard actuating hammers that strike wire strings, producing sounds that may be softened or sustained by means of pedals.
一种乐器，用手操作键盘驱动打击钢丝线产生声音，可以通过踏瓣的方式调轻声音或使之持续不断
Also called: pianoforte

guitar 吉他
An instrument having a large, flat-backed sound box similar in shape to a violin, a long fretted neck, and usually six strings, played by strumming or plucking.
一种具有大而平的音箱的乐器，形状与小提琴相似，琴颈长，通常有六根弦，为弹拨乐器

mandolin 曼陀林
An instrument with a usually pear-shaped body and a fretted neck over which several pairs of strings are stretched.
常是梨形琴身，在有格纹的琴颈上装有几组供挑拨的琴弦

lute 鲁特琴（中文的琵琶也译做lute)
A stringed instrument having a body shaped like a pear sliced lengthwise and a neck with a fretted fingerboard that is usually bent just below the tuning pegs.
一种纵向削制的形状如梨的拨弦乐器，琴颈上有定音档的指板，通常弯曲于调音单轴之下

organ 风琴
An instrument consisting of a number of pipes that sound tones when supplied with air and a keyboard that operates a mechanism controlling the flow of air to the pipes.
一种由一定数量的靠输送气流发声的管子和一个操纵机械装置以使气流通过管子的键盘构成的乐器

Answer 2

中国乐器如下:
1、吹管乐器：箫、曲笛、梆笛、口笛、唢呐、海笛、管子、双管、喉管、笙、抱笙、排笙、巴乌、葫芦丝、埙
2、弹拨乐器：琵琶、筝、扬琴、七弦琴(古琴)、热瓦普、冬不拉、中阮、大阮、柳琴、三弦、月琴、弹布尔。
3、拉弦乐器：二胡、板胡、革胡、马头琴、艾捷克、京胡、中胡、高胡、月亮胡
4、打击乐器：堂鼓、大鼓、板鼓、碰铃、缸鼓、定音缸鼓、铜鼓、朝鲜族长鼓、大锣、小锣、云锣、小鼓、排鼓、达卜(手鼓)、大钹、木鱼、 拍板、梆子

西洋乐器如下:
1、.琴类：钢琴 风琴 管风琴 古钢琴 羽管键琴 电钢琴 手风琴 电子合成器
2、拨弦类: 吉它 电吉它 竖琴 低音吉他
3、木管类: 单簧管 双簧管 英国管 大管 萨克斯管 长笛 短笛 口琴 巴松管 竖笛
4、铜管类 :小号 短号 长号 大号 次中音号 小低音号 圆号 冲锋号
5、弓弦类 :小提琴 中提琴 大提琴 低音提琴
6、打击乐器 :定音鼓 木琴 钟琴 马林巴 锣 钹 小军鼓 大鼓

Answer 3

Violin 小提琴
A stringed instrument played with a bow, having four strings tuned at intervals of a fifth, an unfretted fingerboard, and a shallower body than the viol and capable of great flexibility in range, tone, and dynamics.
用弓演奏的一种弦乐器，具有在第五音的音程上调音的四根弦和不分格指板，形体较古提琴浅，音域、音色和强弱相当灵活

Viola 中提琴
stringed instrument of the violin family, slightly larger than a violin, tuned a fifth lower, and having a deeper, more sonorous tone.
提琴家族中的一种弦乐器，稍大于小提琴，调音比小提琴低五度，声音更为深沉、洪亮

Cello 大提琴
A four-stringed instrument of the violin family, pitched lower than the viola but higher than the double bass.
一种提琴类四弦乐器，音调比中提琴低但比低音提琴高

Double bass 低音提琴或大贝司
The largest bowed stringed instrument in the modern orchestra, also used frequently in jazz ensembles, especially played pizzicato. The double bass, usually considered a member of the violin family, is tuned in fourths and has the sloping shoulders and flat back characteristic of the viols. It has a deep range beginning about three octaves below middle C.
尤用于拨奏的现代管弦乐队的最大弓弦乐器，也常用于爵士乐合奏。低音提琴通常被算作提琴类，定弦为第四级音，颈部倾斜和背平是低音提琴的特点。它有始于中音以下三个八度音阶的深度范围

flute 长笛
A high-pitched woodwind instrument consisting of a slender tube closed at one end with keys and finger holes on the side and an opening near the closed end across which the breath is blown.
由一根一端封闭的纤细管子组成的高音木管乐器，侧边有按键和指孔，靠近封闭端有一个使气流进入的开口
Also called: transverse flute

piccolo 短笛
A small flute pitched an octave above a regular flute.
一种音调比普通笛子高八度音的小笛子

clarinet 单簧管
A woodwind instrument having a straight, cylindrical tube with a flaring bell and a single-reed mouthpiece, played by means of finger holes and keys.
单簧管，黑管一种管乐器，有直的圆筒形管身和一个外敞的管口及一个单簧吹口，以指孔和键的方式演奏

oboe 双簧管
A slender woodwind instrument with a conical bore and a double reed mouthpiece, having a range of three octaves and a penetrating, poignant sound.
带有一个圆锥形孔和双簧管吹口的细小的木管乐器，具有三个八度音域和穿透力强而尖利的声音

English horn 英国管
A double-reed woodwind instrument similar to but larger than the oboe and pitched lower by a fifth.
一种双簧的木制管乐器，类似于双簧管，但音高比双簧管低五度

bassoon或fogotto 大管
A low-pitched woodwind instrument with a double reed, having a long wooden body attached to a U-shaped lateral tube that leads to the mouthpiece. The range of this instrument is typically two octaves lower than that of the oboe.
巴松管，低音管一种低调的有双簧的木管乐器，有长的木质管身并与通向吹口的侧面管身相连，这种乐器的音域范围比双簧管明显的低两个八音度

double bassoon 低音大管
The largest and lowest pitched of the double-reed wind instruments, sounding an octave below the bassoon.
双簧管系管乐器中音高最低的也是最大的乐器，比低音管的音高低一个八度
Also called: contrabasson

horn或French horn 圆号或法国圆号
A valved brass wind instrument that produces a mellow tone from a long, narrow tube that is coiled in a circle before ending in a flaring bell.
一种有活瓣的铜管乐器，从漩涡形且端部有喇叭口的又长又细的管子里发出圆润的乐音

trumpet 小号
A soprano brass wind instrument consisting of a long metal tube looped once and ending in a flared bell, the modern type being equipped with three valves for producing variations in pitch.
一种高音铜管乐器，由一根从前为环状的金属管和呈喇叭口得末端构成，现代小号上装有三个活瓣以制造不同的音高

cornet 短号
A wind instrument of the trumpet class, having three valves operated by pistons.
号类的一种管乐器，有三个用活塞控制的栓塞

trombone 长号
A brass instrument consisting of a long cylindrical tube bent upon itself twice, ending in a bell-shaped mouth, and having a movable U-shaped slide for producing different pitches.
一种铜管乐器，由弯曲两次的长圆筒形金属管构成，尾部有喇叭形口，有一个可滑动的U形拉管，可发出不同音高的音

tuba 大号
A large, valved, brass wind instrument with a bass pitch.
大型带活塞的低音铜管乐器

kettle drums或timpani 定音鼓

compane 排钟

glockenspiel 钟琴
A percussion instrument with a series of metal bars tuned to the chromatic scale and played with two light hammers.
按半音阶调准的分级金属棒构成的打击乐器，用两个轻槌击奏

xylophone 木琴
A percussion instrument consisting of a mounted row of wooden bars graduated in length to sound a chromatic scale, played with two small mallets.
一种打击乐器，由逐级加长的一排排镶嵌的木棒组成，并发出半音音阶，用两个小木槌敲击

bass drum 大鼓
A large drum having a cylindrical body and two heads and producing a low, resonant sound.
一种大鼓，有个圆筒形鼓身和两个面，并能发出低沉的、共鸣的声音

side drum 小鼓

cymbals 钹

gong 锣

triangl 三角铁

tambourine 铃鼓
An instrument consisting of a small drumhead with jingling disks that are fitted into the rim. It is shaken with one hand and struck with the other.
小手鼓，一种由边缘嵌有能叮当作响的小金属片的小鼓面构成的一种乐器，演奏时人们一只手摇它而另一只手敲它

harp 竖琴
An instrument consisting of an upright, open triangular frame with usually 46 strings of graded lengths played by plucking with the fingers.
一种有一个通常系有四十六根长短不一的琴弦的直立的开放三角架、弹奏时用手指拨动琴弦的乐器

piano 钢琴
An instrument with a manual keyboard actuating hammers that strike wire strings, producing sounds that may be softened or sustained by means of pedals.
一种乐器，用手操作键盘驱动打击钢丝线产生声音，可以通过踏瓣的方式调轻声音或使之持续不断
Also called: pianoforte

guitar 吉他
An instrument having a large, flat-backed sound box similar in shape to a violin, a long fretted neck, and usually six strings, played by strumming or plucking.
一种具有大而平的音箱的乐器，形状与小提琴相似，琴颈长，通常有六根弦，为弹拨乐器

mandolin 曼陀林
An instrument with a usually pear-shaped body and a fretted neck over which several pairs of strings are stretched.
常是梨形琴身，在有格纹的琴颈上装有几组供挑拨的琴弦

lute 鲁特琴（中文的琵琶也译做lute)
A stringed instrument having a body shaped like a pear sliced lengthwise and a neck with a fretted fingerboard that is usually bent just below the tuning pegs.
一种纵向削制的形状如梨的拨弦乐器，琴颈上有定音档的指板，通常弯曲于调音单轴之下

organ 风琴
An instrument consisting of a number of pipes that sound tones when supplied with air and a keyboard that operates a mechanism controlling the flow of air to the pipes.
一种由一定数量的靠输送气流发声的管子和一个操纵机械装置以使气流通过管子的键盘构成的乐器

Answer 4

那就太多了，中国的有笛子，箫，琵琶，二胡，京胡，古筝，三弦，古琴，柳琴，月琴，笙，铙钹，大鼓，小堂鼓，锣等等，
西方乐器有钢琴，吉他，小提琴，大提琴，中提琴，低音提琴，双簧管，单簧管，长号，大号，圆号，小号，萨克斯，手风琴，口琴，竖琴，架子鼓，定音鼓等等，以及一些现代电声乐器：如电吉他，电箱吉他，电贝司，电钢琴，电子琴（包括合成器）甚至还有电小提琴等，另外还有一些民族特色乐器：如巴乌，埙，马头琴，冬不拉，手鼓，曼陀林，西塔琴，苏格兰风笛，非洲鼓，尺八，五弦琴，等等，如果真正罗列的很全，恐怕就得专业音乐研究者花一定时间去搜集了。

Answer 5

乐器一般可以分为民族乐器与西洋乐器。常见的乐器有音鼓、木琴、钢片琴、管钟、架子鼓、小鼓、大鼓、三角铁、铃鼓、响板、砂槌、钹、锣等。

很多人都喜欢音乐，因为音乐可以安抚人的情绪、给人带来快乐。而提到音乐大家就会联想到乐器，不同的乐器会给人不同的感受，下面就来一起看看乐器有哪些！
01
音乐界认为,用于音乐的发声器具才是乐器;乐器学界则通常将许多非音乐领域中的发声器具，如古代战争中的鸣金击鼓、宗教祈祷诵经中敲打的法器、婚丧中的礼仪信号、商贩招揽的信号器等，也视为乐器，甚至将一些生产劳动用具和日常生活器皿，如:弓、锯、杵、缶、杯、碟、盅、碗等等，在进行演奏时，都冠以乐字，称其为乐弓、乐锯、乐杯、乐杵等。
02
民族乐器分为四类:体鸣乐器、膜鸣乐器、气鸣乐器、还有弦鸣乐器。中国民族乐器，历史悠久，源远流长。仅从己出土的文物可证实:远在先秦时期，就有了多种多样的乐器。如新石器时代文化遗址浙江河姆渡出土的骨哨，河南舞阳县的贾湖骨笛(最早的笛子距今8000年左右)，仰韶文化遗址西安半坡村出土的埙，河南安阳殷墟中出土的石磬、木腔蟒皮鼓;湖北随县曾侯乙墓(公元前433年入葬)出土的编钟、编磬、悬鼓、建鼓、枹鼓、排箫、笙、箎、瑟等等。
03
打击乐器可能是乐器家族中历史最为悠久的一族了。其家族成员众多，特色各异，虽然它们的音色 单纯，有些声音甚至不是乐音，但对于渲染乐曲气氛有着举足轻重的作用。通常打击乐器通过对乐器的敲击、摩擦、摇晃来发出声音。可不要认为打击乐器仅能起加强乐曲力度、提示音乐节奏的作用， 事实上，有相当多的打击乐器能作为旋律乐器使用呢!现代管弦乐队里增加了很多非洲、亚洲音乐里的 音色奇异的打击乐器，几乎无法完全罗列。
(1)有调打击乐器:定音鼓(Timpani)、木琴(Xylophone)、钢片琴(Celesta)、管钟(TUBULAR BELLS)等;
(2)无调打击乐器:架子鼓(Drum kit)小鼓(Snare Drum)、大鼓(Bass Drum)、三角铁(Triangle)、铃鼓(Tambourine)、响板(Castanets)、砂槌(Maracas)、钹(Cymbals)、锣(Gong)。
常用的西洋乐器有:木管乐器、铜管乐器、弦乐器、键盘乐器、打击乐器等。木管乐器起源很早，是乐器家族中音色最为丰富的一族， 常被用来表现大自然和乡村生活的情景;铜管乐器的音色特点是雄壮、 辉煌、热烈;弦乐器的共同特征是柔美、动听;键盘乐器的特点是其宽广的音域和可以同时发出多个乐音的能力;打击乐器主要用于渲染乐曲气氛。
04
木管乐器起源很早，从民间的牧笛、芦笛等演变而来。木管乐器是乐器家族中音色最为丰富的一族， 常用被来表现大自然和乡村生活的情景。在交响乐队中，不论是作为伴奏还是用于独奏，都有其特殊的 韵味，是交响乐队的重要组成部分。木管乐器大多通过空气振动来产生乐音，根据发声方式， 大致可分为唇鸣类(如长笛等)和簧鸣类(如单簧管等)。木管乐器的材料并不限于木质，同样有 选用金属、象牙或是动物骨头等材质的。它们的音色各异、特色鲜明。从优美亮丽到深沉阴郁，应有尽有。 正因如此，在乐队中，木管乐器常善于塑造各种惟妙惟肖的音乐形象，大大丰富了管弦乐的效果。
(1) 边棱音类:长笛(Flute)、短笛(Piccolo)，木笛。
(2)簧鸣类:单簧管(Clarinet)、双簧管(Oboe)、英国管(English Horn)、大管(Bassoon)、萨克斯(Saxophone)。
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西洋乐器
弦乐器是乐器家族内的一个重要分支，在古典音乐乃至现代轻音乐中，几乎所有的抒情旋律都由弦乐声部来演奏。可见，柔美、动听是所有弦乐器的共同特征。弦乐器的音色统一， 有多层次的表现力:合奏时澎湃激昂，独奏时温柔婉约;又因为丰富多变的弓法(颤、碎、拨、跳，等) 而具有灵动的色彩。弦乐器的发音方式是依靠机械力量使张紧的弦线振动发音，故发音音量受到 一定限制。弦乐器通常用不同的弦演奏不同的音，有时则须运用手指按弦来改变弦长，从而达到改变 音高的目的。弦乐器从其发音方式上来说，主要分为弓拉弦鸣乐器(如提琴类)和弹拨弦鸣乐器 (如吉他)。
(1)弓拉弦鸣乐器:小提琴(Violin)、中提琴(Viola)、大提琴(Cello)、低音提琴(Double Bass)。
(2)弹拨弦鸣乐器:竖琴(Harp)、吉他(Guitar)、电吉他(Electric Guitar)、贝司(Bass)。