定语从句that和which的区别
定语从句that和which的区别1
在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that， 而不宜用which 的情况。
①先行词为不定代词，all，much，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one等，
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only， any， few， little， no， just， very， one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi， the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ，另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog， which was are now very old， became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English， which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that， 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which， as I have told you， will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that， 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
定语从句that和which的区别2
1. 当先行词为all， much， little， none及由any， every， some， no所构成的复合不定代词时。
如：
Please tell me anything that you know about the matter.
有关此事，凡是你所知道的请告诉我。
2. 当先行词被any， few， little， no， all， much， some等词修饰时。
如：You can take any seat that is free.
任何空着的座位你都可以坐。
3. 当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
如：
This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term.
这是我们校本学期放映的第四部电影。
4. 当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
如：
This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.
这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。
5. 当先行词被the very， the only， the last， the just， the same等修饰时。
如：
The only thing that we could do was to wait.
我们唯一能做的事就是等待。
注意：先行词被the same修饰时，关系代词也可用as。
如：I need the same book that / as you have.
我需要有你一样的书。
6. 当先行词既包含人又包含物时。
如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them.
他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的女英雄及她们的事迹。
7. 当先行词是疑问代词who，which，what或主句以这些词开头时。
如：
Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him?
曾经和他一起工作过的谁不钦佩他？
8. 当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。
如：
Our school is no longer the place that it used to be.
我们的学校现在已不是过去的那个样子了。
9. 先行词为time时，当time表示次数，引导词用that， 可省略。 当表示时间，可用that或when引导，都可省略。
如：
I did't remember the exact time （when/that） I arrived in Shanghai last month.
我不记得上个月到达上海的确切时间了。
最后，请注意以下几种只能使用which的情况:
1. 在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。
如：
This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意： 如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which就可换为that，例如：
This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
2. 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时， 关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
如：You should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.
你应该掌握好这些可以用到未来工作中的技能。
最后，记得这个特殊情况吧：当先行词是表示原因或方式的名词时，可以用that引导定语从句，相当于介词+which，that可以省略。
如：
He didn’t like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother.
他不喜欢她对他的母亲那样说话。
Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car.
很难想象，他开车开得那么快。
定语从句that和which的区别3
一、后接名词时的区别
当用作定语修饰其后接名词时，只用which和what，不能用who。which和what的区别是：前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合。如：
Which color do you like， black or white? 黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？
Which is bigger， the sun or the earth? 太阳和地球哪个大?
What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的？
但是，若指人，即使选择的范围不明确，也可用which。如：
Which [What] writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?
二、其后不接名词时的区别
当其后不接名词时，三者均可用，which和what的用法区别依然是：前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合。如：
Which is in the box， the red one or the black one? 哪一个在盒子里，是红色的那个还是黑色的那一个？
What is in the box? 盒子里装的是什么东西？
至于who，它一般只用来指人，不管选择范围大还是小、明确还是不明确均可用。如：
Who won –– Tom or Mike? 谁赢了，是汤姆还是迈克?
Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁?
注：当选择范围比较明确且用作宾语时，who也可以用which或which one代之。如：
Who [Which / Which one] do you like better， your father or your mother? 你更喜欢谁，父亲还是母亲?
三、与else以及of短语搭配时的区别
1. 正由于what和who的选择范围可以很大或不明确，所以其后可以跟 else，但一般不跟表示特定范围的of短语。如：
What else have you bought? 你还买了些什么?
Who else was at the party? 聚会上还有谁?
在你的老师之中，你最喜欢哪一位?
正：Which of your teachers do you like best?
误：Who [What] of your teachers do you like best?
我们当中谁去洗衣服?
正：Which of us is going to do the washing?
误：Who of us is going to do the washing?
这些词典当中哪一本是你的?
正：Which of these dictionaries is yours?
误：What of these dictionaries is yours?
2. 而which 的选择范围相对比较小或明确，所以其后一般不接else，但却常与表特定范围的of短语连用：
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?
Which of the boys is the strongest? 这些男孩当中，哪一个力气最大?
你还要点别的什么吗?
正：What else would you like?
误：Which else would you like?
四、口语中的用法区别
比较以下三组对话，注意体会它们的区别：
A：Who is he? 他是谁？
B：He is Mary’s husband. 他是玛丽的'丈夫。
注：Who is he? 的意思是要了解他的一些情况。
A：What is he? 他是干什么的？
B：He is an English teacher. 他是英语教师。
注：What is he? 的意思是询问他的职业。
A：Which is he? 哪位是他？
B：The one by the window. 窗户边的那位。
注：Which is he? 的意思是要在几个人中辨别要找的人。
定语从句that和which的区别4
1.as 和which都可以在定语从句中作主语，宾语，既可修饰一个词也可修饰前面的整个句子。
A.She accepted his proposal， as(which)was natural.
她接受了她的求婚，这是自然而然的。
B.The boy is pretty handsome， as(which)we can see in our classroom.
这个男孩非常的帅气，正如我们在教室看到。
2.as 在非限定性定语从句中的使用
2.1 as可以放在主句之前，主句之后，也可以放在句中，可以说位置很灵活。但是which常用在主句之后
A.As we know，technology just like a engine to push the development of economics.
众所周知，技术就像是引擎推动着经济的发展。
B.The diva，as you know， is famous throughoutthe world.
这个女歌剧演唱家，正如你知道的，在全世界都出名。
C.He has stood her up， which I don`t believe.
他没有赴约，这事我不相信。
2.2 as与the same，such 连用时，用as。
A.This is the same phone as I have borrowed from my sister.
这个手机和我向我姐姐借的一样。
B.I have never had such a chance to make a speech as I always imagined.
我从没有这样一个机会去演讲，正如我一直想象的那样。
2.3在从句中谓语动词为被动语态，缺少主语时用as，不用which。
A.Everyone knows that she has left， as was expected.
所有人都知道她又一次离开了，正如我们预料的那样。
定语从句that和which的区别5
which在定语从句中只作主语，宾语，表语，修饰物
when，where在定语从句中只作状语，分别作地点状语和时间状语.
如定语从句中缺少句子成份，即，主，宾或表语缺其中任意一项，先行词又是表物的名词或代词，定语从句的关系词就用which
如定语从句中不缺少句子成份，即，主，宾或表齐全，如先行词为表地点的名词或代词，定语从句就用where，如先行词是表时间的名词或代词，定语从句就用when引导.
如果是表示地点的词，则要用where（前提：没有介词）
如果是表示时间的，就要用when
如果是表示原因的，如reason 就用why
在一定程度上，IN WHICH与WHERE是相等的。他们修饰 的先行词是表地点的
例如:The house where I live is beautibul.
=The house in which I live is beautibul.
但是当下面两种情况时就不相等了。
1、若IN提前，只能用WHICH，就不能用WHERE.
例如;The house in( )I live is beautibul.
句中的空就不能填WHERE.
或者:The house ( ) I live in is beautibul.
句中的空也不能填WHERE，因为后面有介词IN呀。WHERE是副词，不能跟介词。
2、若这个表地点的先行词是人不能到达的，就不能用WHERE.
例如:先行词是在墙里的某个东西，那么就只能用IN+WHICH，而不能用 WHERE.
