系动词是什么?有哪些?
记得采纳啊
2.表似乎的系动词seem, appear
3.表变化的系动词:become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run
4.表依旧的系动词:remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold
5.可带名词作表语的系动词:become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如:He turned teacher.)
6.如果读者对于这个语法现象还是不怎么理解的话,可以以这个名句为例子学学:the man who dies rich dies disgraced.在巨富中死去,是一种耻辱。其中的rich and disgraced 是说明主语的性质的。
1)状态系动词 用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
2)持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3)表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4)感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5)变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如:
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
注意:可带名词作表语的系动词be, become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn后接的单数名词 前多不用冠词。
7)系动词无被动语态:appear,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,
keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn 如:
It sounds good.
1. “存在”类: 表示存在或具有某种特征或状态。这类连系动词强调“存在”。常见的有: be(是),look(看起来),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、显得),prove(证明是),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等。例如:
The story sounds true.
Those oranges taste good.
2. “持续”类: 表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调“持续”。常见的有: remain(依然),keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧),stand(处于某状况或情形)等。例如:
—Why don't you put the meat in the fridge?
—It will stay fresh for several days.
It's already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. What's the matter?
3. “变化”类: 表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调"变化"后的情况或状态.常见的有: become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), go(变得)等。例如:
Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.
连系动词使用要点:
1. 有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。如:feel,taste等词。例如:
-Do you like the material?
-Yes, it feels very soft.
2. 一般情况下,连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语。例如:
Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.
3. 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等。注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时,不加冠词。例如:
Twenty years later, he turned teacher.
The population growth in China remains a problem.
4. 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常见的有: appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。
例如:
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time
当动词后面的形容词或名词短语是描述主语或者说明主语是谁或什么的时候,则该动词为系动词,其后跟随的形容词和名词短语为补语。
系动词分三大类:
being系动词,包括be, keep, prove, remain, stay,这类系动词后面通常直接跟形容词或名词短语
例:It sounds nice/a nice place.
becoming系动词,包括become, come, end up, grow, turn out,其中come和grow作为系动词时后面不能直接跟名词短语
例:come to know, grow thoughtful
seeming系动词,包括appear, look, seem, sound,keep必须是keep+名词+形容词
例:It kept him awake.
当动词appear意为看起来像,look意为看上去,还有动词prove,seem和turn out,其后跟着的to be大部分情况既可以保留也可以省略
例:The room appears (to be) brighter than when I last saw it.
但是如果连接形容词alive, alone, asleep, awake,以及动词ing形式前,to be通常需要保留
例:I didn't go in because she appeared to be asleep. (不是...she appeared asleep.)
如果系动词后连接的名词是来形容描述主语,需保留to be,如果是对主语的个人理解或猜想,通常省略to be
例:He walked into what seemed to be a cave. (说明主语是个山洞,不能用...what seemed a cave)
She seems (to be)a very efficient salesperson.
描述变化过程的系动词有become, come, get, go, grow, turn (into),口语中如果连接形容词difficult, ill, interested, pregnant, suspicious, unhappy和worried用get而不用become,正式文件中不受该规则影响,祈使句中get的固定搭配有get changed (clothes), get dressed, get married/divorced
例:I first got suspicious when he looked into all the cars. (比...became suspicious...更合适)
Don't get upset about it! (祈使句用get)
become用来形容更抽象或技术的变化过程
例:He became recognised as an expert.
系动词后连接名词短语,用become而不是get
例:Dr Morales became an adviser to the government.
讨论颜色变化的过程用go或者turn,而不是get或者become
例:The traffic lights turned/went green and I pulled away.
讨论不期望发生的变化时,用go
例:go deaf/blind/bald; go mad/crazy/wild; go bad/off/mouldy/rotten; go bust; go dead; go missing; go wrong.
需注意特例:get ill, get old, get tired
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