Question

求助英文词组的中文翻译和英语解释，谢谢！

1.product life cycle 2.profit margin 3.indirect involvement 4.marketing mix 5.dual price 6.consumer product 7.channel length 8.medium 9.personal selling 10.public relations这几个是专业英语考试的练习题，向大家求助答案。需要的是这些词组的中文翻译，即词组对应的中文意思，比如第一个的中文翻译为产品寿命周期不知道对不？另外它对应的一个句子的英文解释？
我想补充的是我求助的是类似下面“1.product life cycle”的答案。考试题目中要求的是“Part II Explain the following terms in English and then give the Chinese version for each of them”。先谢了。
1.product life cycle
中文翻译：产品寿命周期
英文解释：the marketing concept of a product having a natural period ranging from its introduction and rise in sales to its sales decline and expiration when customers purchase newer alternative products

Answer 1

2. profit margin: 利润率
A profit margin is the amount that is made in a business after the costs have been subtracted.

3.indrect involvement :间接参与
join a business by means of assistant or other coumunication tools.

4.marketing mix: 销售组合
The marketing mix is generally accepted as the use and specification of the 4 Ps describing the strategic position of a product in the marketplace.

5.dual price:双重价格
Selling the same or identical product at different prices in different markets. It may indicate an intention to engage in dumping.

6.consumer product:消费产品
Merchandise or other item of common or daily use, ordinarily bought by individuals or households for private consumption. See also consumer goods.

7.channel length:沟道长度
Number of individual entities comprising the channel of distribution between the producer and the consumer. See also channel width.

8.medium:媒介
a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information.

9.personal selling:个人销售
Face to face selling in which a seller attempts to persuade a buyer to make a purchase. Personal selling is as old as commerce itself。

10.public relations: 公共关系
Systematic effort to create and maintain goodwill of an organization's various publics (customers, employees, investors, suppliers, etc.), usually through publicity and other non-paid forms of communication. These efforts may also include support of arts, charitable causes, education, sporting events, etc.

Answer 2

1.product生命周期2.profit利润率3.indirect参与4.marketing组合5.dual价格6.consumer产品7.channel长度8.medium 9.personal销售10.public关系

Answer 3

产品寿命周期，边缘利润，非直接相关，混合销售，重复价格，
消费产品，频道长度，媒介，个人销售，公共关系

Answer 4

1.产品寿命周期 MARKETING专业术语，通常包括DEVELOPMENT（发展）、INTRODUCTION（上市）、GROWTH（发展）、MATURITY（成熟）、SATURATION（饱和）DECLINE（衰落）几个阶段
2.毛利
3.这个我说不准，可能和INDIRECT COST（间接成本）有关
4.市场混合 通常是指把PRODUCT（产品）、PLACE（地点）、PROMOTION（促销）、PRICE（价格）四个要素进行混合
5.重复价格
6.顾客商品 主要是指卖给一般顾客的商品，这种商品一般不作为CAPITAL GOOD（也就是生产工具）来生产其他商品
7.这个我也说不准，你最好去查查和DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL（分销渠道）有关的资料
8.中介人 这个好说，一个商品最后到顾客手上非常可能是经过多次转手了的，比如说你买一瓶矿泉水，生产水的厂家是不可能直接把水送到你手上的，一般你会到便利店或者超市来买，那么便利店和超市就是这个例子中的‘MEDIUM’
9.私人销售 比如说上门推销，电话推销等
10公众关系

Answer 5

1.product生命周期2.profit加边于3.indirect卷入4.marketing混杂体5.dual问6.consumer产品的价格出售10.public关系7.channel长度8.medium 9.personal

英文解释：有一自然时期一产品的营销观念射程从它的引入和上升在朝派sales向它的customers的满期sales倾斜和购买更新可用作替换products

Answer 6

1.product生命周期2.profit保证金3.indirect 4.marketing混合5.dual 6.consumer参与产品价格出售10.public 9.personal 8.medium 7.channel长度的关系