Question

关于英语中的虚拟语气

The victim (would have a chance to survive) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
这句话作为虚拟语气，后面是had been done, 那前面应该是would have done啊，
那为什么答案不是would have had a chance, 而是would have a chance呢？
答案是would have a chance
这句话是混合虚拟吗？

Answer 1

The victim would have had a chance to survive（本来会有机会活下来）if he had been taken to hospital in time.

虚拟语气：主句had done +从句would have done。句中用would have had a chance 表示与过去事实相反
而would have a chance to survive则表示与现在事实相反，也就是说 The victim “现在”可能还活着。

我们现在来看句子，would和had都用了一般过去时，从而得知事情已经发生了。说话者是想表达，“受害者本来会有机会活下来如果被及时送往医院”（言外之意是受害者在此之前没有被送往医院没有活下来，与过去事实相反），换位思考，如果用了would have a chance to survive则表示与现在现在事实相反，明显不符合句子的境况，句子时态，would和had都用了一般过去时啊，是过去事实了

追问

貌似没有明白？。。。
答案是would have a chance啊

追答

哦？呼呼，看反了，我都晕了，不好意思啊
再仔细看看
虚拟语气：主句had done +从句would have done would have had a chance 表示与过去事实相反
主句had done +从句would do would have a chance 表示与现在事实相反

语境分析： would have had a chance The victim “现在”还可能活着
would have a chance The victim “现在”已经死亡了

含义解析：“受害者本来会有机会活下来如果被及时送往医院”（言外之意是受害者在此之前没有被送往医院没有活下来，现在The victim 已经死亡了，与现在事实相反

结合句子时态分析：would和had都用了一般过去时，从而得知事情已经发生了，受害者没有被送往医院而死亡已经是事实，目前的状态是，The victim 没有存活下来，故to survive与现在事实相反

综上所述，would have a chance to survive

这回明白了么？

参考资料： 这题，我好像做四级题的时候见过的，是06年的吧

追问

恩，是四级的题～也就是说这句话是混合虚拟，后半是与过去相反的虚拟，前半是与现在相反的虚拟？

追答

嗯嗯，有混合的含义

The victim (would have a chance to survive) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
后半句是条件状语从句，前半句主句表示与现在事实相反。
“活下来”to survive 作后置定语。

Answer 2

4．在would rather之后的宾语从句中，其动词用虚拟语气，表示句子的主语(某人He speaks English as well as ifhe hadstudied in England．他英语说得这么