八年级英语语法考点

急需一份全面一点的初二英语语法归纳(主要包括一些词汇和短语的用法,时态的解析...),和一些相关练习.(主要针对初二下学期的内容)最好有几套较好的期末测试卷.尽快..谢谢... 急需一份全面一点的初二英语语法归纳(主要包括一些词汇和短语的用法,时态的解析...),和一些相关练习.(主要针对初二下学期的内容)最好有几套较好的期末测试卷.尽快..谢谢!满意再加分
人教版,最好是6月20日之前.
如果愿意帮忙的话,请帮我找一些英语听力技巧.
试卷不要网站,谢谢
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新目标八年级下册中考考点链接
【课本要点】there will be … 将有……(P2)
【中考聚焦】Do you know there will __________ English party this Friday. (2006 贵州铜仁)
A. have an B. hold an C. is an D. be an
【考点点拨】D。“There will be …”,是There be结构的一般将来时,表示“……将有……”,相当于There is/are going to be …。根据题意“你知道这个星期五将有一个英语聚会吗?”和关键信息there will可直接选出正确答案为D。
【课本要点】 be able to do … 能/可以做…….(P6)
【中考聚焦】I am afraid that I _________ finish the task in such a short time. Could you help me, please? (2006福建厦门)
A. can B. am not able to C. am going to
【考点点拨】B。be able to意为“能;会”,相当于情态动词,后面接动词原形,其否定形式是在be后加not。根据后句题意“你能帮助我吗”可知“我担心自己不能在这么段的时间完成这项任务”可选B。
【课本要点】 …. the same … as ……与……一样(P8)
【中考聚焦】Mrs Green gave birth to Lucy and Lily in 1992. They’re twin sisters. (改为同义句)
Lucy is the _________ age _________ Lily. (2006江苏盐城)
【考点点拨】same, as。the same … as是be different from的反义词组,本题由上句“They’re twin sisters”可推知Lucy和Lily年龄相同,所以填same, as。
【课本要点】 for example (P8)
【中考聚焦】Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. _________, some students would like to go to the moon some day. (2006吉林长春)
A. After all B. At once C. In fact D. For example
【考点点拨】D。for example意为“例如”,用来举例说明某一论点或情况,一般只举同类人或物中的“一个/些”为例,作插入语,可位于句首,句中或句末。分析比较四个选项,分别意为“毕竟”、“立刻;马上”、“事实上”、“例如”,根据题意“青少年有各种各样的梦,例如一些学生想有一天能去月球”可选出正确答案为D。
【课本要点】 It’s … to do …(P8)
【中考聚焦】It' s a good habit _______ breakfast every day. (2006陕西省)
A. had B. have C. has D. to have
【考点点拨】D。动词不定式用作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把动词不定式放在后面,构成“It’s +adj./n. +to do…”句式,这样可以使句子避免头重脚轻。就本题而言,由关键词it’s即可确定正确答案为D。
【课本要点】 there be … doing …(P8)
【中考聚焦】-Is Jim at home by himself?
-No. There’s another boy _________ with him. (2004江苏扬州)
A. playing B. play C. plays D. to play
【考点点拨】A。There be sb./sth. doing sth.句式是“there be +主语+地点状语”的变体,在主语后面加动词的-ing形式,表示该动词的动作目前或现阶段正在进行,可译为“有某人或某物正在做某事”。本题由语境“还有另一个男孩和他(在家)玩”可选出正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 would like to do … 想要做…… (P8)
【中考聚焦】Would you like _________ swimming with me? (2005湖南常德)
A. go B. going C. to go D. goes
【考点点拨】C。would like意为“想要、愿意”,用来表示意愿,相当于want,但比want语气委婉,后面要接动词不定式。故选C。
【课本要点】want sb. to do … 想要某人做…… (P10)
【中考聚焦】You are so busy. What do you want me ________ for you? (2006重庆市实验区)
A. do B. done C. to do D. doing
【考点点拨】C。want sb. to do …表示“想要某人做某事”,其中动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。本题中的四个选项是do 的四种形式,根据题意“你太忙了,你想让我为你做什么?”可选出正确答案为C。
【课本要点】 pay for … 付款/赔偿……(P12)
【中考聚焦】How much did you pay for the sweater? (词语释义) (2006遵义市)
A. cost B. spend on C. take
【考点点拨】B。划线部分pay for是“花费”的意思,主语为人,三个选项也都可以表示“花费”,区别是:cost的主语是物;spend的主语是人,take常用于It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 句型,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。故正确答案为B。
【课本要点】 No, I don’t think so. 不,我不这样认为。(P12)
【中考聚焦】-Excuse me, is this seat taken?
-___________.That man got his books and left a few minutes ago. (2005江西省课改实验区)
A. I’m afraid so B.I don’t think so C.I don’t know D.I hope not
【考点点拨】B。I don’t think so是表达个人看法的用语,多用在表示不同意别人的观点,其肯定形式是“I think so”,意为”我认为如此”。根据语境可知B选项为正确答案,而其它的三个选项都不符合题意。注意如果A选项是I’m afraid not.也对)
【课本要点】 tell sb. to do …告诉某人做……(P13)
【中考聚焦】-My parents always tell me _________ others late at night.
-They’re right. It’s not polite. (2006福建福州课改区)
A. call B. not call C. to call D. not to call
【考点点拨】D。tell sb. to do …表示“告诉某人做……”,其否定形式是直接在动词不定式to do 前加not表示“告诉某人不要做……”。由下文“他们是对是,那是不礼貌的”可知“父母总是告诉我在晚上不要给别人打电话”,故选D
【课本要点】 find out … 查明……(P14)
【中考聚焦】I’ll have a meeting in Shanghai tomorrow. Would you mind _________ the time for all the flights to Shanghai for me? (2006南宁市课改区)
A. looking for B. looking after C. finding out D. finding
【考点点拨】C。分析四个选项,look for意为“寻找”,look after意为“照料、照看”,find out意为“查明、弄清楚”,指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相,而find意为“找到”。根据题意“我明天在上海将有一个会议,你介意为我查一下去上海的航班吗?”可选出正确答案为C。
【课本要点】get on well 相处得好……(P15)
【课本要点】【中考聚焦】Good manners usually help people to __________ each other. (2006黑龙江哈尔滨)
A. get on well with B. get started C. get together
【考点点拨】A。get on well是“相处得好”,与get along well同义,表示“与……相处得好”时,要在后面加介词with。根据题意“好的礼仪通常帮助人们彼此相处得很好”可选出正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 not … until … 直到……才……(P16)
【中考聚焦】-It’s 10 o’clock now. I must go.
-It’s raining outside. Don’t leave _____ it stops. (2006湖北孝感)
A. when B. since C. while D. until
【考点点拨】D。本题四个选项都可以引导时间状语从句,由关键词don’t可选出正确答案为D。not … until意为“直到……才……”,用来引导时间状语时,从句不能用一般将来时。
【课本要点】 see .... doing … 看见……做……(P16)
【中考聚焦】-Where’s Mr. Yu, do you know?
-Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him ________ a football game just now. (2006河南省课改区)
A. was watching B. watching C. had watched D. watched
【考点点拨】B。see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行;而see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做过某事”,强调动作的全过程。由题意“我刚才看见他正在看足球赛”可选B。
【课本要点】find it … to do … 发现做…..是……的(P16)
【中考聚焦】I find ________ difficult to finish the work on time. We only have three hours left. (2006吉林长春)
A. it B. that C. its D. this
【考点点拨】A。 “find+ it+形容词+to do sth.”表示”发现做某事是……的”,其中it是形式宾语,而正在宾语的是后面的动词不定式,形容词在句中作宾语补足语。由关键信息find和diffiuclt to finish可确定正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 take place …. 发生……(P22)
【中考聚焦】Great changes _________ the last three years. (2005湖北黄冈)
A. have taken place B. have been taken place
C. have happened D. have been happened
【考点点拨】A。happen和take place都可以表示“发生”,其区别是:前者往往带有偶然的意味;如果表示“某人发生了什么事或某物发生了什么情况”时,用happen to sb./ sth;而后者常用于表示某些历史事件或会议等按意图、计划的发生。认真分析题意,由“发生的变化”是“有计划的”,可排除C、D选项;因tale place没有被动语态,故正确答案是A。
【课本要点】be supposed to do … 应该做……(P28)
【中考聚焦】To keep safe, everyone _________ to wear a seat belt in the car. (2006辽宁十一课改区)
A. is supposed B. supposes C. supposed D. will suppose
【考点点拨】A。be supposed to的意思是“应该做某事”、“被期望做某事”,其后接动词原形,相当于be expected to do sth.;用在否定句中表示命令、禁止,意为“不准做某事”。四个选项是suppose的四种形式,根据题意“为了保持安全,乘车时每个人都应该戴上安全带”可选出正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 be good at/ do well in … 擅长……;在……方面做得好(P29)
【中考聚焦】The tallest boy does well in playing table tennis. (词语释义) (2006河北遵义)
A. is good at B. is interested in C. likes
【考点点拨】A。be good at与do well in同义,都是“在……方面好;擅长;善于”的意思,后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。比较选项可直接选A。
【课本要点】Don’t do …. 不要做……(P36)
【中考聚焦】_________ drive so fast! It’s dangerous. (2006重庆江津)
A. Not B. Don’t C. No
【考点点拨】B。Don’t do …是否定形式的祈使句,用来表示“不要做……”。本题由关键信息“It’s very dangerous.”可知“你不要开车太快”,故正确答案为B。
【课本要点】 Me, too.(P36)
【中考聚焦】-I’ll go to the West Lake this weekend. What about you?
- . Let's go together. (2006江苏盐城)
A. No, I won’t B. I won’t go C. Me, too D. Sorry, I'm busy
【考点点拨】C。“Me, too.”表示“我也是”,用来表达和对方相同的想法或做法的常用语。根据题意“我将这个周末将去西湖,你呢?”“我也是,让我们一起吧!”可选出正确答案为C。
【课本要点】 too much… 太多的……(P39)
【中考聚焦】Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of __________ rich food. (2006黑龙江哈尔滨)
A. too much B. much too C. very much
【考点点拨】A。too much意为“太多”,用来修饰不可数名词;而much too的含义是“(实在)太……”,用来修饰形容词和副词。分析比较三个选项,由题中的关键信息rich food可知正确答案为A。
【课本要点】Would you mind doing …? 你介意做……吗?(P52)
【中考聚焦】-Would you mind my smoking here?
-__________ It’s not allowed here. (2006河北遵义)
A. Of course not. B. Better not. C. Yes, please.
【考点点拨】B。表示有礼貌的请求时常用“Would you mind…?”句式,用以询问“你介意…吗?”,请求对方不要做某事,用Would you mind + not doing sth?。同意(不介意)对方做某事时,常用的回答有No, please. / Certainly not. / No, not at all. / Of course not;不同意(介意)对方做某事时,常用的回答有Sorry, but I do. / Yes, you’d better not.。故本题选B。需要注意的是,mind后面接动词时应用动词-ing形式,如:
Would you mind ________ more slowly? I can’t follow you. (2006吉林省课改区)
A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking (答案为D)
【课本要点】 turn down 关小/调低……(P54)
【中考聚焦】 Kate, could you _________ the radio a bit? Your father is sleeping now. (2006安徽省课改区)
A. turn down B. turn off C. turn up D. turn on
【考点点拨】A。turn down意为“开小一点、调低”,通常指把收音机的音量等开小或调低,其反意词组是turn up,表示“开大、调高” ;而turn off意为“关掉”,通常指关住电灯、煤气或其他家用电器等,与turn on互为反义词。根据由下文“你的父亲正在睡觉”可排除C、D;另由a bit可舍B选A。需要注意的是,这些短语都属于“动词+副词”型,后面接名词或代词作宾语;若宾语是代词时,要把代词置于它们之间。
【课本要点】that’s no problem. 没有问题。(P54)
【中考聚焦】-Would you please bring your CDs bought in HongKong to me tomorrow? I’d like to have a look.
-_________. I will introduce something to you. (2006包头课改区)
A. Not at all B. No problem C. No way D. Never mind
【考点点拨】B。That’s no problem.还可以说成No problem.,意为“没问题”,用来接受他人的请求。四个选项分别意为“一点也不”、“没问题”、“决不”、“不介意”,结合题意“明天把你在香港买的CDs给我带来,好吗?我想看一看。”可知正确答案为B。
【课本要点】too … to … 太……而不能……(P63)
【中考聚焦】-This box is ________ heavy for me to carry. Can you help me?
-Certainly. (2006 湖北武汉课改区) 。
A. so B. much C. very D. too
【考点点拨】D。too…to …从形式上看是肯定的,但表达的却是否定的意义,意为“太……而不能”,其中第一个too的后面接形容词或副词的原形,而第二个to的后面接动词原形,构成动词不定式。本题由关键信息to carry可排除A、B、C,选D。题意为“这个箱子太重了,我搬不动”。
【课本要点】 take care of … 照顾/照料……(P64)
【中考聚焦】“Jenny, please _________ your young sister carefully.” “OK, Mum.” (2006贵阳课改区)
A. take after B. take care of C. take from
【考点点拨】B。四个选项都含有take,分别意为“象”、“照看”、“减少,;降低”,根据题意“Jenny,请仔细地照看好你的妹妹”可知正确答案为B。
【课本要点】 Why don’t you do …? 为什么不做……?(P66)
【中考聚焦】Why don’t you join us in the game? (词语释义) (2006内蒙古赤峰)
A. What not B. Why not C. Why to D. How to
【考点点拨】B。why don’t you do…是“你为什么不做……?”的意思,相当于why not,后面接动词时要用动词原形。故本题可直接选B。
【搜索】(P67)
【中考聚焦】-What about having a drink?
-_________. (20063青海省)
A. Good idea B. Help yourself C. Me, too
【考点点拨】A。What about doing …?意思是“做……怎么样?”,常用来提建议,肯定回答多用good idea/all right等。分析比较三个选项,可选A。
【课本要点】have been to … 到过……(P68)
【中考聚焦】-I _________ Fujian Museum twice. How about you?
-Never. I hop to visit it soon. (2006福建福州课改区)
A. have gone B. have been to C. have gone D. have been
【考点点拨】B。have / has been to表示“曾经去过某地,现已回到说话处”;have / has gone to表示“已经去了某地,现在不在说话处”。由关键词twice可知题意为“我去过两次加拿大”,故正确答案为B。因为Fujian Museum是专有名词,to不能省略,所以D错误。
【课本要点】have been done … 已经做过……(P70)
【中考聚焦】China’s sport stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors(亲善大使) for Shanghai. (2006江苏徐州)
A. has been named B. have been named C. has name D. have named
【考点点拨】B。现在完成时的被动语态的构成为“助动词have/ has+been+及物动词的过去分词”。由题意“中国的体育明星姚明和刘翔已被命名为上海的亲善大使”可知be named 意思是“被命名为”,时态为现在完成时。故选B。
【课本要点】 I hope so. 我希望如此。(P77)
【中考聚焦】-Do you think it will be cool tomorrow?
-_________. It has been too hot for a week. (2006湖南衡阳)
A. I hope so B. I’m afraid so C. I hope not
【考点点拨】A。四个选项都含有so,分别意为“我希望如此”、“我担心是这样的”、“我希望不是这样”,根据下文“一周来天气真是太热了”可知“我希望明天会凉快些”,故选A。
【课本要点】 What do you think of …? 你认为……怎么样?(P79)
【中考聚焦】-What do you ________ your hometown?
-I love it very much. (2006湖南长沙)
A. look at B. talk about C. think of
【考点点拨】C。What do you think of …?意为“你认为……怎么样?”,用来询问对方对某人或某事的看法或观点。其中think of是“想起;认为”的意思,后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
由答语“我非常喜欢它”可知上句是询问你对你的家乡的看法,故正确答案为C。
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一、be动词 (verb to be)
动词be是初中最先接触到的动词,有am are is
I am, you are, he is , she is , it is (not) a ...student.
We are ,you are ,they are (not) students.
are not=aren't is not =isn't
肯定与否定的回答形式
Am I ...? Yes,you are.No,you are not.
Are you ...? Yes,I am. No,I am not.
Is he(she ,it ) ...? Yes,he (she, it ) is .No,he(she,it ) isn't.
Are you (they) ... ? Yes,we( they ) are. No,we ( they) are not.
二、人称代词和物主代词 (personal and possessive pronouns)
主格和宾格,主格是动作的发生这做主语,宾格是动作的承受者作宾语或者谓语介词后做介词的补语
主格: I you she he it we you they
宾格: me you her him it us you them
I am learning English.
They are picking apples.
We will help them.
Some of us are tall.
下面讲讲物主代词,表示物主关系的代词,也叫人称代词的所有格,分为形容词型物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词型物主代词在名词前做定语起修饰的作用,名词性物主代词可以
在句中独立做主语宾语,相当于形容词型物主代词加上后面的宾语
形容词型物主代词有
my your her his its our your their
名词性物主代词
mine yours hershis its ours yours theirs
My hat Their classroom our school 分别修饰后面的名词
This is not my coat.
Mine is in the bedroom.
You may use my bike.
I'll use his. (his 相当于名词性物主代词做宾语)
The shoes are theirs. 这句中theirs是名词性物主代词做表语相当于their shoes
He is a friend of mine. 和介词连用 of mine 构成定语修饰friend
记住不同人称的主格和宾格,名词性与形容词性的形式 不要死记硬背,要多练,多说,注意英汉两种语言中物主代词的不同用法,表示某物属于某人的时候通常用物主代词,但是翻译成汉语的时候时常省略
Now the girl is quite a help to her mother. 现在这个女孩是他妈妈的得力助手
He writes with his left hand.
三、There be 句型
There is (are) + 某物或某人在某地
“某地有某物 (某人)”
要注意be动词单复数要跟后面的名词一致
There is a house in picture.
There are some birds in the tree.
There isn't a house in the house.
There isn't any water in the bottle.
There aren't any factories in the city.
Is there a boy under the tree?
Yes,there is . No,there isn't.
Are there any bananas on the tree?
Yes,there are(some). No,there aren't(any).
注意:表示某物某地有某人的时候只表示客观存在的东西,不表示某人拥有某物
There are five pictures on the wall.表示客观存在
I have five pictures. 表示某人拥有某东西
There be 中的现在完成时
There has been a picture on the wall for a long time.
The picture has been on the wall for a long time .
两种或两种以上时名词候,be单复数就近原则 肯定句中and连接,否定句中用or连接 There is an apple and some tomatoes on the table.
There are two balls and a box under the table.
There isn't a desk or chairs in the classroom.
There aren't any pictures or a map on the wall.
四、名词的复数形式(the plurals of nouns)
英语中的名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词是有复数的
An apple -- two applesa book -- two books
不可数名词一般是么有复数形式的,但是表示多的意思的话,表示复数的意义,就要在前面加上一些单位词
Bread -- some pieces of bread
Water -- three glasses of water
可数名词单数到复数的变化
1,大部分名词的复数形式是在单数形式后加s
Book -- bookspage -- pages
2,s,x,,ch,sh,结尾的名词加es
Box --boxes watch -- watches
3,以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i加es
Factory -- factories city -- cities
4,以辅音字母加o结尾的名词一般加es
Potato -- potatoes tomato -- tomatoes
以元音字没有加o结尾的名词只加s
Radio -- radios zoo -- zoos
有少数以辅音字母加o结尾的名词只加s
Piano -- pianos photo -- photos
5,还有少数名词单、复数形式相同
Chinese -- Chinese sheep -- sheep
6,f或fe结尾的名词多数加v再加es
Knife -- knives wife -- wives
7,一部分名词有不规则的复数形式
Man -- men child --children
8,有些名词总是以复数的形式出现
Trousers clothes glasses
大家学习的时候首先要注意到名词是否可数,应为他直接影响到后面的谓语动词冠词以及代词的使用另外在汉语里有些东西是可数的,在英语里面这东西就不可数了,大家一定要注意掌握他正确的用法
五、现在进行时(the present continuous tense)
初中英语中第一个接触的时态,表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,或现阶段进行的动作 The students of class 4 are playing football.
I usually get up at 6:30,but I'm getting up at 6:00 every day this week.
构成是动词的 be ( am , is , are ) + 动词的现在分词
I am ,you are , he is , she is , it is ( not ) eating
We are ,you are , they are ( not ) eating
一般疑问句的回答
Am I eating ?Yes,you are. No, you aren't.
Are you eating? Yes,I am. No,I'm not.
Is he (she) eating? Yes,he (she) is . No, he(she)isn't.
Are they eating? Yes,they are. No,they aren't.
现在分词的构成
一般情况动词原型上加ing
Stand -- standing jump -- jumping
不发音的字母e结尾的动词去e加ing
Write -- writing make -- making
重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写此字母再加ing
Run -- runningsit -- sitting
现在进行时除了表示现在进行的动作意外还可以表示最近一个按计划要安排或者要进行的动作,表示将来时间要发生的事情
We are going to Nanjing next month.
She is leaving tomorrow.
这个用法一般用于go come leave 这样的动词
有些动词不用进行时态,表情感,表感觉的,表状态的动词,表示心里活动的动词 See hear feel smell
Be have love hate like want wish
Understand forget remember
Feel 表心里活动的时候可用进行时态
How are you feeling now?
I'm feeling better.
六、动词 have ( verb to "have")
作为实意动词的时候为有
I have,you have , he has, she has, it has (not) ...
We have ,you have , they have (not) ...
一般疑问句及回答
Do I (you we they ) have ... ?
Yes ,you (I you they )do.
No,you ( I you they ) don't.
Does he (she it ) have ...?
Yes,he (she it ) does.
No,he (she it ) doesn't.
学习have这个动词的时候,作为“有”含义疑问句可以直接have提前,否定句中直接加not Have you a bike?
Has she a ruler?
I haven't a book?
She hasn't any books?
如果不是 有的意思,就当作一般的动词对待
Have a meal
Have a lesson
Have a drink
Have a party
Have a bath
Have a walk
七、一般现在时(the present indefinite tense)
一般现在时表示习惯性的和经常性的动作,常常与一些usually sometimes everyday 时间状语连用,也可以表示现在的特征,状态,普遍真理,或者客观事实谚语等等
I you we they ,work there
He she ,works there.
Do I (you we they ) work there?
Yes ,I (you we they) do.
No,I ( you we they) don't.
Does he(she) work there?
Yes,he(she) does.
No,he (she) doesn't.
当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词就要在词尾加上es,或者s
一般动词加s like-likes work - works
以字母o s ch sh x 结尾的动词加es
Do- does go - goes wash - washes
以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i再加es
Study - studiescarry - carries
第三人称不限于He she it ,比如 my father my teacher my country his coat
My name their classroom 都是第三人称单数
第三人称一般疑问句和否定句都要用助动词does 构成
原来的动词必须要恢复原型
She does her homework every day.
She doesn't do her homework every day.
Does she do her homework every day?
八、基数词和序数词 ( cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers )
初中我们学习的是100以内的基数词
1 从13-19 都以 -teen 结尾 thirteen
2 从20-90等十位数的整数都是以ty结尾 sixty
3 从21-99,先说“几十” 再说 “几”,中间加连字号 eighty-five
序数词 一般都是由基数词加th 完成的
Seven - seventh
Twenty - twentieth y变i改为+eth
Five -fifth
First second third eighth ninth
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【课本要点】there will be … 将有……(P2)
【中考聚焦】Do you know there will __________ English party this Friday. (2006 贵州铜仁)
A. have an B. hold an C. is an D. be an
【考点点拨】D。“There will be …”,是There be结构的一般将来时,表示“……将有……”,相当于There is/are going to be …。根据题意“你知道这个星期五将有一个英语聚会吗?”和关键信息there will可直接选出正确答案为D。
【课本要点】 be able to do … 能/可以做…….(P6)
【中考聚焦】I am afraid that I _________ finish the task in such a short time. Could you help me, please? (2006福建厦门)
A. can B. am not able to C. am going to
【考点点拨】B。be able to意为“能;会”,相当于情态动词,后面接动词原形,其否定形式是在be后加not。根据后句题意“你能帮助我吗”可知“我担心自己不能在这么段的时间完成这项任务”可选B。
【课本要点】 …. the same … as ……与……一样(P8)
【中考聚焦】Mrs Green gave birth to Lucy and Lily in 1992. They’re twin sisters. (改为同义句)
Lucy is the _________ age _________ Lily. (2006江苏盐城)
【考点点拨】same, as。the same … as是be different from的反义词组,本题由上句“They’re twin sisters”可推知Lucy和Lily年龄相同,所以填same, as。
【课本要点】 for example (P8)
【中考聚焦】Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. _________, some students would like to go to the moon some day. (2006吉林长春)
A. After all B. At once C. In fact D. For example
【考点点拨】D。for example意为“例如”,用来举例说明某一论点或情况,一般只举同类人或物中的“一个/些”为例,作插入语,可位于句首,句中或句末。分析比较四个选项,分别意为“毕竟”、“立刻;马上”、“事实上”、“例如”,根据题意“青少年有各种各样的梦,例如一些学生想有一天能去月球”可选出正确答案为D。
【考点点拨】D。动词不定式用作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把动词不定式放在后面,构成“It’s +adj./n. +to do…”句式,这样可以使句子避免头重脚轻。就本题而言,由关键词it’s即可确定正确答案为D。
【课本要点】 there be … doing …(P8)
【中考聚焦】-Is Jim at home by himself?
-No. There’s another boy _________ with him. (2004江苏扬州)
A. playing B. play C. plays D. to play
【考点点拨】A。There be sb./sth. doing sth.句式是“there be +主语+地点状语”的变体,在主语后面加动词的-ing形式,表示该动词的动作目前或现阶段正在进行,可译为“有某人或某物正在做某事”。本题由语境“还有另一个男孩和他(在家)玩”可选出正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 would like to do … 想要做…… (P8)
【中考聚焦】Would you like _________ swimming with me? (2005湖南常德)
A. go B. going C. to go D. goes
【考点点拨】D。本题四个选项都可以引导时间状语从句,由关键词don’t可选出正确答案为D。not … until意为“直到……才……”,用来引导时间状语时,从句不能用一般将来时。
【课本要点】 see .... doing … 看见……做……(P16)
【中考聚焦】-Where’s Mr. Yu, do you know?
-Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him ________ a football game just now. (2006河南省课改区)
A. was watching B. watching C. had watched D. watched
【考点点拨】B。see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行;而see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做过某事”,强调动作的全过程。由题意“我刚才看见他正在看足球赛”可选B。
【课本要点】find it … to do … 发现做…..是……的(P16)
【中考聚焦】I find ________ difficult to finish the work on time. We only have three hours left. (2006吉林长春)
A. it B. that C. its D. this
【考点点拨】A。 “find+ it+形容词+to do sth.”表示”发现做某事是……的”,其中it是形式宾语,而正在宾语的是后面的动词不定式,形容词在句中作宾语补足语。由关键信息find和diffiuclt to finish可确定正确答案为A。
【课本要点】 take place …. 发生……(P22)
【中考聚焦】Great changes _________ the last three years. (2005湖北黄冈)
A. have taken place B. have been taken place
C. have happened D. have been happened
【考点点拨】A。happen和take place都可以表示“发生”,其区别是:前者往往带有偶然的意味;如果表示“某人发生了什么事或某物发生了什么情况”时,用happen to sb./ sth;而后者常用于表示某些历史事件或会议等按意图、计划的发生。认真分析题意,由“发生的变化”是“有计划的”,可排除C、D选项;因tale place没有被动语态,故正确答案是A
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这里面有些语法点:
http://www.kaoshi.ws/html/2005/0430/199778.html
初二语法复习
1. so+谓语+主语:…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词

2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.

3. help yourself/yurselves to...请随便吃点...

4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth

5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.

完全不同意I really don’t agree.

6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原则

既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原则

既....又...both…and….谓语用复数

7. 看起来,似乎It seems/seemed that…..

8. 由于...而闻名be famous for….
更详细的语法可以看这里:)
http://www.52en.com/whbm/grammar/index.htm
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