初中仁爱英语 我要中考，大虾们帮我个忙！
把整个初中仁爱英语需要掌握的语法知识完整地发给我。（格式错了，不给分哦）
格式：
如：被动语态
例句（不要太多，选一些经典的 如trees is planted by people)
介词
例：
注意事项或语句
还要发短语如
be busy doing
used to be
等等
如果发得好再给20分 thank you all! 展开
there will be do sth
be busy +doing sth
被动语态
1.一般现在市
am/is/are +动词过去分词
2.现在进行时
am/is/are being +动词过去分词
3.一般将来时
will/be going to be+动词过去分词
4.一般过去时
was/were+动词过去分词
5.现在完成时
have/has been+动词过去分词
6.情态动词
情态动词+be+动词过去分词
1. 一般现在时
People grow rice in the south of the states.
Rice is grown in the south of the states.
The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
2. 一般过去时
They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
And the students didn't forget his lessons easily.
He had a strange way of making his classes lively and his lessons were not easily forgotten.
3. 一般将来时
They will send cars abroad by sea.
Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
4. 过去将来时
The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.
The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
5. 现在进行时
The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
——Have you moved into the new house?
——Not yet. We are painting the rooms.
The rooms are being painted.
6. 过去进行时
——Why didn't they drive there on time?
——Because the workers were mending the road.
Because the road was being mended.
This time last year we were planting trees here.
Trees were being planted here this time last year.
7. 现在完成时
Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off.
I have been told the sports meet might be put off.
We have brought down the price.
The price has been brought down.
8. 过去完成时
When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
9. 含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
The teacher said, “You must hand in your compositions after class. ”
The teacher said, “Your compositions must be handed in after class. ”
He can write a great many letters with the computer.
A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
初中仁爱英语 我要中考，大虾们帮我个忙！
悬赏分：80 - 离问题结束还有 13 天 6 小时
我马上要中考了，感觉英语不好（120分左右），急需恶补语法知识和一些短语（EX：there will be加什么 ，be busy 加doing 还是do 等等一类的）
把整个初中仁爱英语需要掌握的语法知识完整地发给我。（格式错了，不给分哦）
格式：
如：被动语态
例句（不要太多，选一些经典的 如trees is planted by people)
介词
More prepositional phrases with verbs
1.V + with
begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do
2.V + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb)
compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combine, equip, furnish
3.V + at
aim, point, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, arrive
4.V+in
get, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, participate, fill, join, trust, believe
5.V+sb(sth)+in
help, assist, spend
6.V + from
learn, die, come, suffer, hear, fall, rise, hang, escape, date, depart, result, differ, distinguish, judge
7.V + sth ( sb) +from + sth ( sb or a place)
borrow, protect, receive, separate, keep, stop, prevent, choose, remove, save
8.V+of
consist, dream, hear, tell, think, know, talk, die, speak
9.V+sb+of+sth
rob, warn, inform, remind, accuse, cheat, convince, relieve
10.V+sth+of+sb
ask, beg, demand, require
11.V+on
act, lean, live, work, depend, look, wait, turn, switch, pull, have, keep, call, put, push, speak, insist, push, count, figure, carry
12.V+sb(sth)+ON+sb(sth)
congratulate, spend, base, fix
13.V+to
listen, stick, refer, turn, point, reply, occur, attend, lead, happen, come, get, write, hold, agree, belong, adapt, attribute, object, adjust, relate, respond
14.V+to+sb
announce, describe, explain, express, mention, report, say, shout, whisper, speak, talk, nod
15.V+sth(sb) +to+sth(sb)
devote, compare, add, introduce, invite, leave, join, reduce, sentence, carry, take
(16)V+for
account, beg, hope, send, look, ask, long, pay, wish, wait, leave, fight, plan, prepare, care, stand, search, answer, run, call, apply, provide, apologize
(17)v+sb+for+sth
ask, blame, forgive, pardon, pay, praise, punish, reward, thank, excuse
(18)v+about
quarrel, agree, complain, bring, think, set, care, hear
More prepositional phrases with adjectives
(1)adj+with
angry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, patient, annoyed, delighted, content, friendly, concerned, bored, associated, burdened, consistent, disappointed, displeased, familiar, impatient, popular, satisfied
(2)adj+at
amused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, astonished, impatient, quick, surprised
(3)adj+in
rich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed, accurate, diligent
(4)adj+from
different, far, tired, made, separate, absent, made
(5)adj+of
aware, careful, free, short, worthy, afraid, proud, full, tired, made, capable, impatient, considerate, guilty, jealous, ashamed, cautious, conscious, forgetful, fond, informed, made, regardless, rid, sensible, sick
(6)adj+on
hard, keen, dependent, based, impressed
(7)adj+to
equal, opposed, familiar, close, near, kind, harmful, polite, rude, similar, useful, married, known, used, good, dedicated, fair, related, indifferent, devoted, contrary, suitable, close, opposite, accustomed, adapted, addicted, adequate, blind, common, deaf, grateful, important, loyal, relative, thankful
(8)adj+for
eager, bad, good, famous, fit, suitable, ready, sorry, grateful, useful, late, responsible, convenient, profitable, necessary, anxious, unfit
(9)adj+about
happy, anxious, nervous, cautious, careful, certain, excited, pleased, concerned, enthusiastic, uneasy, troubled
More prepositional phrases with nouns
(1) n+with
trouble, talk, chat, connection, conversation, sympathy
(2) n+at
knock, pull, look, glance, smile, game, astonishment, surprise, alarm
(3) n+in
interest, progress, satisfaction, faith, belief, confidence, response, pride, harm, difficulty, pleasure, confidence, delight
(4)n+from
letter, visitor, absence, difference, protection, relief, rescue
(5) n+of
quality, number, sample, choice, impression, neglect, attack, care, consideration, pleasure, doubt, way, possibility, example
(6) n+on
book, discussion, lecture, advice, opinion, impression, attack, dependence, judgment, pity, mercy, authority
(7) n+to
key, answer, end, way, solution, attention, approach
(8) n+for
plan, need, reason, explanation, ability, excuse, ambition, anxiety, reputation, consideration, necessity, talent, sympathy, cause, qualification
(9) n+on
concern, anxiety, opinion, question
动词短语
a) 动词 介词
agree with 同意......的意见(想法)；符合
base on 以......(为)根据
listen to 听......
get to 到达......
fall off (从......)掉下
help ... with ... 帮助(某人)做(某事)
knock at /on 敲(门、窗)
laugh at 嘲笑
learn ... from ... 向......学习
live on 继续存在；靠......生活
look after 照顾，照看
look at 看；观看
look for 寻找
look like 看起来像
pay for (sth.) 付钱；支付
point at 指示；指向
point to 指向......
prefer to ... 宁愿(选择); 更喜欢
quarrel with (和某人)吵架
regard ... as ... 把......当作......；当作
stop ... from 阻止......做......
talk about 说话；谈话；谈论
talk with 与......交谈
think about 考虑
think of 认为；想起
b) 动词 副词
ask for 请求；询问
carry on 坚持下去；继续下去
cut down 砍倒
clean up 清除；收拾干净
come down 下来；落
come along 来；随同
come in 进来
come on 来吧；跟着来；赶快
come out 出来 ；出现；(花) 开；发(芽)
come over 过来；顺便来访
drop off 放下(某物)；下车
eat up 吃光；吃完
fall behind 落在......后面；输给别人
fall down 跌倒；从......落下
find out 查出（真相）
get back 回来；取回
get down 下来；落下；把......取下来
get off 下来；从......下来
get on 上(车)
get up 起床
give up 放弃
go on 继续
go out 出去
go over 过一遍；仔细检查
grow up 长大；成长
hand in 交上来
hold on (口语)等一等； (打电话时)不挂断
hurry up 赶快
look out 留神；注意
look over (仔细)检查
look up 向上看；抬头看
pass on 传递；转移到......
pick up 拾起；捡起
put away 放好；把......收起来
put on 穿上；戴上；(戏剧等)上演；放(唱片等)
put down 把(某物) 放下来
put up 挂起；举起
run away 流失；逃跑；逃走
rush out 冲出去
set off 出发；动身；启程
send up 发射；把......往上送
shut down 把......关上
sit down 坐下
slow down 减缓；减速
take off 脱掉（衣服）
take out 取出
throw about 乱丢；抛撒
trip over (被 ......)绊倒
try on 试穿 (衣服、鞋等)；试戴(帽子等)
try out 试验；尝试
turn down 关小；调低
turn on 打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn off 关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn over （使）翻过来
wake up 醒来
wear out 把......穿旧；磨坏
work out 算出；制订出
write down 写下......
c) be 形容词 介词
be angry with 对(某人)发脾气
be interested in对......感兴趣
be able to 能；会
be afraid of 害怕
be amazed at 对......感到惊讶
be excited about 对......感到兴奋
be filled with 用......充满
be full of 充满 ......的
be good at (= do well in )
在......方面做得好；善于
be late for 迟到
be made in 在......生产或制造
be made of 由......组成 ；由......构成
be pleased with 对......感到满意
be proud of 以......自豪(高兴)
be used for 用于
d) 动词 名词 / 代词
beg one\\'s pardon 请原谅；对不起
do morning exercises 做早操
do one\\'s homework 做作业
enjoy oneself (= have a good time)
过得快乐；玩得愉快
give a concert 开音乐会
go boating 去划船
go fishing 去钓鱼
go hiking 去徒步旅行
go skating 去滑冰
go shopping (去)买东西
have a cold (患)感冒
have a cough (患)咳嗽
have a headache (患)头痛
have a try 尝试；努力
have a look 看一看
have a rest 休息
have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐；坐下
have sports 进行体育活动
have supper 吃晚餐
hear of 听说
hold a sports meeting 举行运动会
make a decision 作出决定
make a mistake 犯错误
make a noise 吵闹
make faces 做鬼脸
make friends 交朋友
make money 赚钱
take one\\'s place 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务
teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自学
take photos 照相
take time 花费(时间)
take turns 轮流
watch tv 看电视
e) 动词 名词 / 代词 / 副词 介词
catch up with 赶上
come up with 找到；提出(答案、解决办法等)
get on well with与......相处融洽
give birth to 生(孩子)
help yourself / yourselves to 自取；随便吃
make room for 给......腾出地方
play a joke on 戏弄人；对人恶作剧
speak highly of 称赞
say good bye to 告别；告辞
take an active part in 积极参加
take care of 照顾；照料；注意
f) 其他类型
be awake 醒着的
be born 出生
be busy doing 忙着做......
come true 实现
do one\\'s best 尽最大努力
fall asleep 睡觉；入睡
go home 回家
go on doing (sth.) 继续做某事 ；尽力
get married 结婚
get together 相聚
go straight along
沿着......一直往前走
had better (do) 最好(做......)
keep doing sth. 一直做某事
make sure 确保；确认；查明
make up one\\'s mind 下决心
英语 写作 万能 公式 校园
分类：备战考试
开头万能公式：
1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？
经典句型：
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言）
更多经典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：
Honesty
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?
根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that …
写作绝招
结尾万能公式：
1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
2． 结尾万能公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
写作绝招
写作的“七项基本原则”：
一、 长 短 句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：
Asa creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet theprimary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectualneed of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！
强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、 主 题 句原则
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！
特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、 一 二 三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！
四、 短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.
I want it.
可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.
这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。
五、 多实少虚原则
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：
走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room
小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room
小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room
老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room
所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！
六、 多变句式原则
1）加法（串联）
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
其它的短语可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）转折（拐弯抹角）
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
更多的短语：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
更多短语：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）
有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。
举例：This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：
When to go, Why he goes away…
5）附加（多此一举）
如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. （气势恢宏）
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！
七、 挑战极限原则
既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！
写作绝招
文章主体段落三大杀手锏：
一、举实例
思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！
Inorder to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted everypossible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light,colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, toadvertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress tosit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fimehim or her.rast
更多句型：
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example
二、做比较
方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；
世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语：
相似的比较：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比较：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …
这个对 compare and contrast 题型很有用
三、换言之
没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
或者上面我们举过的例子：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.
因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
更多短语：
in more difficult language, in simpler
而且,那些玩意不是多重要,最多单选,15分,应该重视完型和阅读,最近几天看看英文文章,最好背几种类型的经典作文,绝对没问题,
中考不难,都是基础题,就这样做,考得不会很烂,你学姐我就是这么干的,考前从来不看语法什么的,都是凭记忆,在英语上都没花过太长时间,然后中考考了110多,[当年满分是120],现在在省重点
祝中考顺利
