Question

寻 c语言函数fwrite和fread的源代码

Answer 1

fwrite源代码为：
size_t fwrite (const void* ptr,size_t size,size_t nmemb,FILE *fp);
头文件在search.h中，有的在stddef.h中
fread源代码为：
size_t fread(const void* ptr,size_t size,size_t nmemb,FILE *fp);
函数参数与fwrite相同

Answer 2

stdio.h
size_t fwrite( const void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream );
把数据写入一个数据流
这个例子中实现了把从A到Z的26个字符写入文件sample.txt:
FILE *Stream;
int Count;
char Buffer[30];
Stream=fopen("sample.txt","w+t");
Buffer[0]='A';
for(I=1; I<=25;I++) {
Buffer[I]=Buffer[I-1]+1;
}
Count= fwrite(Buffer,sizeof(char),26，Stream);
cout<<Count;
fclose(Stream);

fread
stdio.h
从一个数据流中读取数据
使用实例：请参看feof函数
feof
stdio.h
int feof( FILE *stream );
测试文件指针是否指向数据流的尾部，若是则返回0，否则返回-1
这个例子中打开文件sample.txt，每次读取10个字节，直到所以的字节被读完为止：
FILE *p;
int count,Size=0;
char Buffer[10];
if((p = fopen("sample.txt","r"))==NULL) exit(1);
while(!feof(p)) {
count =fread (Buffer,sizeof(char),10,p);
if(ferror(p)) {
perror("出错！");
break;
}
Size = Size + count;
}
fclose(p);

Answer 3

这是fwrite的源文件

/***
*fwrite.c - read from a stream
*
* Copyright (c) 1989-1997, Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
*Purpose:
* Write to the specified stream from the user's buffer.
*
*******************************************************************************/

#include <cruntime.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <mtdll.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <file2.h>
#include <internal.h>

/***
*size_t fwrite(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream) -
* write to the specified stream from the specified buffer.
*
*Purpose:
* Write 'count' items of size 'size' to the specified stream from
* the specified buffer. Return when 'count' items have been written
* or no more items can be written to the stream.
*
*Entry:
* buffer - pointer to user's buffer
* size - size of the item to write
* count - number of items to write
* stream - stream to write to
*
*Exit:
* Returns the number of (whole) items that were written to the stream.
* This may be less than 'count' if an error or eof occurred. In this
* case, ferror() or feof() should be used to distinguish between the
* two conditions.
*
*Notes:
* fwrite will attempt to buffer the stream (side effect of the _flsbuf
* call) if necessary.
*
* No more than 0xFFFE bytes may be written out at a time by a call to
* write(). Further, write() does not handle huge buffers. Therefore,
* in large data models, the write request is broken down into chunks
* that do not violate these considerations. Each of these chunks is
* processed much like an fwrite() call in a small data model (by a
* call to _nfwrite()).
*
* This code depends on _iob[] being a near array.
*
* MTHREAD/DLL - Handled in just two layers since it is small data
* model. The outer layer, fwrite(), handles stream locking/unlocking
* and calls _fwrite_lk() to do the work. _fwrite_lk() is the same as
* the single-thread, small data model version of fwrite().
*
*******************************************************************************/

#ifdef _MT
/* define locking/unlocking version */
size_t __cdecl fwrite (
const void *buffer,
size_t size,
size_t count,
FILE *stream
)
{
size_t retval;

_lock_str(stream); /* lock stream */
retval = _fwrite_lk(buffer, size, count, stream); /* do the read */
_unlock_str(stream); /* unlock stream */
return retval;
}
#endif /* _MT */

/* define the normal version */
#ifdef _MT
size_t __cdecl _fwrite_lk (
#else /* _MT */
size_t __cdecl fwrite (
#endif /* _MT */
const void *buffer,
size_t size,
size_t num,
FILE *stream
)
{
const char *data; /* point to where data comes from next */
unsigned total; /* total bytes to write */
unsigned count; /* num bytes left to write */
unsigned bufsize; /* size of stream buffer */
unsigned nbytes; /* number of bytes to write now */
unsigned nwritten; /* number of bytes written */
int c; /* a temp char */

/* initialize local vars */
data = buffer;
count = total = size * num;
if (0 == count)
return 0;

if (anybuf(stream))
/* already has buffer, use its size */
bufsize = stream->_bufsiz;
else
#if defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC)
/* assume will get BUFSIZ buffer */
bufsize = BUFSIZ;
#else /* defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC) */
/* assume will get _INTERNAL_BUFSIZ buffer */
bufsize = _INTERNAL_BUFSIZ;
#endif /* defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC) */

/* here is the main loop -- we go through here until we're done */
while (count != 0) {
/* if the buffer is big and has room, copy data to buffer */
if (bigbuf(stream) && stream->_cnt != 0) {
/* how much do we want? */
nbytes = (count < (unsigned)stream->_cnt) ? count : stream->_cnt;
memcpy(stream->_ptr, data, nbytes);

/* update stream and amt of data written */
count -= nbytes;
stream->_cnt -= nbytes;
stream->_ptr += nbytes;
data += nbytes;
}
else if (count >= bufsize) {
/* If we have more than bufsize chars to write, write
data by calling write with an integral number of
bufsiz blocks. If we reach here and we have a big
buffer, it must be full so _flush it. */

if (bigbuf(stream)) {
if (_flush(stream)) {
/* error, stream flags set -- we're out
of here */
return (total - count) / size;
}
}

/* calc chars to read -- (count/bufsize) * bufsize */
nbytes = ( bufsize ? (count - count % bufsize) :
count );

nwritten = _write(_fileno(stream), data, nbytes);
if (nwritten == (unsigned)EOF) {
/* error -- out of here */
stream->_flag |= _IOERR;
return (total - count) / size;
}

/* update count and data to reflect write */

count -= nwritten;
data += nwritten;

if (nwritten < nbytes) {
/* error -- out of here */
stream->_flag |= _IOERR;
return (total - count) / size;
}
}
else {
/* buffer full and not enough chars to do direct write,
so do a _flsbuf. */
c = *data; /* _flsbuf write one char, this is it */
if (_flsbuf(c, stream) == EOF) {
/* error or eof, stream flags set by _flsbuf */
return (total - count) / size;
}

/* _flsbuf wrote a char -- update count */
++data;
--count;

/* update buffer size */
bufsize = stream->_bufsiz > 0 ? stream->_bufsiz : 1;
}
}

/* we finished successfully, so just return num */
return num;
}

这是fread的源文件

/***
*fread.c - read from a stream
*
* Copyright (c) 1989-1997, Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
*
*Purpose:
* Read from the specified stream into the user's buffer.
*
*******************************************************************************/

#include <cruntime.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <mtdll.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <file2.h>

/***
*size_t fread(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream) -
* read from specified stream into the specified buffer.
*
*Purpose:
* Read 'count' items of size 'size' from the specified stream into
* the specified buffer. Return when 'count' items have been read in
* or no more items can be read from the stream.
*
*Entry:
* buffer - pointer to user's buffer
* size - size of the item to read in
* count - number of items to read
* stream - stream to read from
*
*Exit:
* Returns the number of (whole) items that were read into the buffer.
* This may be less than 'count' if an error or eof occurred. In this
* case, ferror() or feof() should be used to distinguish between the
* two conditions.
*
*Notes:
* fread will attempt to buffer the stream (side effect of the _filbuf
* call) if necessary.
*
* No more than 0xFFFE bytes may be read in at a time by a call to
* read(). Further, read() does not handle huge buffers. Therefore,
* in large data models, the read request is broken down into chunks
* that do not violate these considerations. Each of these chunks is
* processed much like an fread() call in a small data model (by a
* call to _nfread()).
*
* MTHREAD/DLL - Handled in three layers. fread() handles the locking
* and DS saving/loading/restoring (if required) and calls _fread_lk()
* to do the work. _fread_lk() is the same as the single-thread,
* large data model version of fread(). It breaks up the read request
* into digestible chunks and calls _nfread() to do the actual work.
*
* 386/MTHREAD/DLL - Handled in just the two layers since it is small
* data model. The outer layer, fread(), takes care of the stream locking
* and calls _fread_lk() to do the actual work. _fread_lk() is the same
* as the single-thread version of fread().
*
*******************************************************************************/

#ifdef _MT
/* define locking/unlocking version */
size_t __cdecl fread (
void *buffer,
size_t size,
size_t count,
FILE *stream
)
{
size_t retval;

_lock_str(stream); /* lock stream */
retval = _fread_lk(buffer, size, count, stream); /* do the read */
_unlock_str(stream); /* unlock stream */
return retval;
}
#endif /* _MT */

/* define the normal version */
#ifdef _MT
size_t __cdecl _fread_lk (
#else /* _MT */
size_t __cdecl fread (
#endif /* _MT */
void *buffer,
size_t size,
size_t num,
FILE *stream
)
{
char *data; /* point to where should be read next */
unsigned total; /* total bytes to read */
unsigned count; /* num bytes left to read */
unsigned bufsize; /* size of stream buffer */
unsigned nbytes; /* how much to read now */
unsigned nread; /* how much we did read */
int c; /* a temp char */

/* initialize local vars */
data = buffer;

if ( (count = total = size * num) == 0 )
return 0;

if (anybuf(stream))
/* already has buffer, use its size */
bufsize = stream->_bufsiz;
else
#if defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC)
/* assume will get BUFSIZ buffer */
bufsize = BUFSIZ;
#else /* defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC) */
/* assume will get _INTERNAL_BUFSIZ buffer */
bufsize = _INTERNAL_BUFSIZ;
#endif /* defined (_M_M68K) || defined (_M_MPPC) */

/* here is the main loop -- we go through here until we're done */
while (count != 0) {
/* if the buffer exists and has characters, copy them to user
buffer */
if (anybuf(stream) && stream->_cnt != 0) {
/* how much do we want? */
nbytes = (count < (unsigned)stream->_cnt) ? count : stream->_cnt;
memcpy(data, stream->_ptr, nbytes);

/* update stream and amt of data read */
count -= nbytes;
stream->_cnt -= nbytes;
stream->_ptr += nbytes;
data += nbytes;
}
else if (count >= bufsize) {
/* If we have more than bufsize chars to read, get data
by calling read with an integral number of bufsiz
blocks. Note that if the stream is text mode, read
will return less chars than we ordered. */

/* calc chars to read -- (count/bufsize) * bufsize */
nbytes = ( bufsize ? (count - count % bufsize) :
count );

nread = _read(_fileno(stream), data, nbytes);
if (nread == 0) {
/* end of file -- out of here */
stream->_flag |= _IOEOF;
return (total - count) / size;
}
else if (nread == (unsigned)-1) {
/* error -- out of here */
stream->_flag |= _IOERR;
return (total - count) / size;
}

/* update count and data to reflect read */
count -= nread;
data += nread;
}
else {
/* less than bufsize chars to read, so call _filbuf to
fill buffer */
if ((c = _filbuf(stream)) == EOF) {
/* error or eof, stream flags set by _filbuf */
return (total - count) / size;
}

/* _filbuf returned a char -- store it */
*data++ = (char) c;
--count;

/* update buffer size */
bufsize = stream->_bufsiz;
}
}

/* we finished successfully, so just return num */
return num;
}