Question

定语从句中，什么时候用which, that, when 怎么区别

Answer 1

• Which

Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。

Football is a game which is liked by most boys.   足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

The factory which makes computers is far away from here.   制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。

He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.   他喜欢外国作家写的书。

The house which is by the lake looks nice.   湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。

This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.   这是他昨天买的钢笔。

The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.   他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。

• That

That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.   每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。

Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning?   我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？

The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind.   你介绍给我的那个人很友好。

The season that / which comes after spring is summer.   春天以后的季节是夏季。

Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.   昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。

• when

when  指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

I still remember the day when I first came to this school.       我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。

The time when we got together finally arrived.       我们团聚的时刻终于到了。

October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.       1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

Answer 2

Which
Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。
The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
That
That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
when
when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

定语从句that和which的区别
在定语从句中，关系代词 which 和 that 都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意：
　　■只能用that而不能用which的情形
　　(1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单词时，只能用that。如：
　　There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 没有事情会阻止我们进步。
　　(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能用that。如：
　　This is the only problem that we can't work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。
　　(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如：
　　This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
　　(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如：
　　Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。
　　(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：
　　This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。
　　(6) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用 that。如：
　　Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天画的那张画是哪一张？
　　■只能用which而不能用that的情形
　　(1) 当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只能用 which。如：
　　The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. 那个铅笔盒，我上周买的，现在不见了。
　　(2) 关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which。如：
　　The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. 我们过去常在下面休息的那棵树已砍掉了。
　　(3) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时，只能用 which。如：
　　I don't take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。