如何通过 c/c++ 实现http请求
2016-07-01
展开全部
示例程序,转载自CNBLOG,做了针对C语言编译器的适应性修正:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") /* WinSock使用的库函数 */
/* 定义常量 */
#define HTTP_DEF_PORT 80 /* 连接的缺省端口 */
#define HTTP_BUF_SIZE 1024 /* 缓冲区的大小 */
#define HTTP_HOST_LEN 256 /* 主机名长度 */
char *http_req_hdr_tmpl = "GET %s HTTP/1.1\r\n"
"Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, */*\r\nAccept-Language: zh-cn\r\n"
"Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate\r\nHost: %s:%d\r\n"
"User-Agent: Huiyong's Browser <0.1>\r\nConnection: Keep-Alive\r\n\r\n";
/**************************************************************************
*
* 函数功能: 解析命令行参数, 分别得到主机名, 端口号和文件名. 命令行格式:
* [http://www.baidu.com:8080/index.html]
*
* 参数说明: [IN] buf, 字符串指针数组;
* [OUT] host, 保存主机;
* [OUT] port, 端口;
* [OUT] file_name, 文件名;
*
* 返 回 值: void.
*
**************************************************************************/
void http_parse_request_url(const char *buf, char *host,
unsigned short *port, char *file_name)
{
int length = 0;
char port_buf[8];
char *buf_end = (char *)(buf + strlen(buf));
char *begin, *host_end, *colon, *file;
/* 查找主机的开始位置 */
begin = (char*)(strstr(buf, "//"));
begin = (begin ? begin + 2 : (char*)(buf));
colon = strchr(begin, ':');
host_end = strchr(begin, '/');
if (host_end == NULL)
{
host_end = buf_end;
}
else
{ /* 得到文件名 */
file = strrchr(host_end, '/');
if (file && (file + 1) != buf_end)
strcpy(file_name, file + 1);
}
if (colon) /* 得到端口号 */
{
colon++;
length = host_end - colon;
memcpy(port_buf, colon, length);
port_buf[length] = 0;
*port = atoi(port_buf);
host_end = colon - 1;
}
/* 得到主机信息 */
length = host_end - begin;
memcpy(host, begin, length);
host[length] = 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
WSADATA wsa_data;
SOCKET http_sock = 0; /* socket 句柄 */
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr; /* 服务器地址 */
struct hostent *host_ent;
int result = 0, send_len;
char data_buf[HTTP_BUF_SIZE];
char host[HTTP_HOST_LEN] = "127.0.0.1";
unsigned short port = HTTP_DEF_PORT;
unsigned long addr;
char file_name[HTTP_HOST_LEN] = "index.html";
char file_nameforsave[HTTP_HOST_LEN] = "index1.html";
FILE *file_web;
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("[Web] input : %s http://www.test.com[:8080]/index.html", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
http_parse_request_url(argv[1], host, &port, file_name);
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,0), &wsa_data); /* 初始化 WinSock 资源 */
addr = inet_addr(host);
if (addr == INADDR_NONE)
{
host_ent = gethostbyname(host);
if (!host_ent)
{
printf("[Web] invalid host\n");
return -1;
}
memcpy(&addr, host_ent->h_addr_list[0], host_ent->h_length);
}
/* 服务器地址 */
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
http_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); /* 创建 socket */
result = connect(http_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) /* 连接失败 */
{
closesocket(http_sock);
printf("[Web] fail to connect, error = %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return -1;
}
/* 发送 HTTP 请求 */
send_len = sprintf(data_buf, http_req_hdr_tmpl, argv[1], host, port);
result = send(http_sock, data_buf, send_len, 0);
if (result == SOCKET_ERROR) /* 发送失败 */
{
printf("[Web] fail to send, error = %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
return -1;
}
file_web = fopen(file_nameforsave, "a+");
do /* 接收响应并保存到文件中 */
{
result = recv(http_sock, data_buf, HTTP_BUF_SIZE, 0);
if (result > 0)
{
fwrite(data_buf, 1, result, file_web);
/* 在屏幕上输出 */
data_buf[result] = 0;
printf("%s", data_buf);
}
} while(result > 0);
fclose(file_web);
closesocket(http_sock);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
2016-07-01
展开全部
TCP连接服务器80端口,发送HTTP报文。
报文格式详见HTTP协议(HTTP1.1 RFC2616)
报文格式详见HTTP协议(HTTP1.1 RFC2616)
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