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关于感恩节英语作文：感恩节的真正含义

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There are many myths and misconceptions surrounding the people responsible for the American Thanksgiving tradition. Contrary to popular opinion, the Pilgrims didn't wear buckles on their shoes or hats. They weren't teetotalers, either. They smoked tobacco and drank beer. And, most importantly, their first harvest festival and subsequent "thanksgivings" weren't held to thank the local natives for saving their lives.
人们对与美国传统节日“感恩节”有关的故事、人物等一直存在各种误解和迷思。与主流观点不同，清教徒（Pilgrim）并不会穿戴系有纽扣的鞋和帽子。他们也不会禁酒，反而吸烟喝酒一样没少。最重要的一点，清教徒们的第一次收获与由此而来的“感恩”，与当地印第安人出手相救一点关系也没有。

Do you know there are public schools in America today actually teaching that? Some textbooks, in their discomfort with open discussions of Christianity, say as much. I dare suggest most parents today know little more about this history than their children.
你知道吗？如今仍有许多公立学校还在用错误的内容教授感恩节。有些课本也同样大肆谈论基督精神，令人感到不适。我敢打赌，许多家长对历史的了解就跟对孩子一样知之甚少。
Yet, there is no way to divorce the spiritual from the celebration of Thanksgiving – at least not the way the Pilgrims envisioned it, a tradition dating back to the ancient Hebrews and their feasts of Succoth and Passover.
不过，要把庆祝感恩节的精神从感恩节本身分离出来，那是不可能的——至少同清教徒当初预想的不同。这一传统要追溯到古希伯来人时期，同他们的住棚节（Succoth）和逾越节（Passover）有关。
The Pilgrims came to America for one reason – to form a separate community in which they could worship God as they saw fit. They had fled England because King James I was persecuting those who did not recognize the Church of England's absolute civil and spiritual authority.
清教徒之所以来美国，是为了建立一个与世隔绝的社会，教徒们可以在这个社会朝圣他们认为可以称之为上帝的神。由于詹姆斯一世（King James I）迫害那些不认同把英国国教作为国家公民和精神至高无上权威的人，因此清教徒们从英国逃离了出来。
On the two-month journey of 1620, William Bradford and the other elders wrote an extraordinary charter – the Mayflower Compact. Why was it extraordinary? Because it established just and equal laws for all members of their new community – believers and non-believers alike. Where did they get such revolutionary ideas? From the Bible, of course.
1620年11月11日，在经历海上2个月的漂泊之后，威廉姆·布拉德福特（William Bradford）与其他长者一同签署了只为重要的一份公约——《五月花号公约》。为何这份公约如此与众不同？因为这份公约给所有新社会成员们都建立了一份公平公正的法律——不论是对信徒还是非信徒，都是如此。这些清教徒们是从哪儿想到如此革命性的点子呢？答案毋庸置疑是《圣经》了。
When the Pilgrims landed in the New World, they found a cold, rocky, barren, desolate wilderness. There were no friends to greet them, Bradford wrote. No houses to shelter them. No inns where they could refresh themselves. During the first winter, half the Pilgrims died of sickness or exposure – including Bradford's wife. Though life improved for the Pilgrims when spring came, they did not really prosper. Why? Once again, the textbooks don't tell the story, but Bradford's own journal does. The reason they didn't succeed initially is because they were practicing an early form of socialism.
当清教徒刚上岸来到这片新天地，迎接他们的是一片荒芜，土壤贫瘠，崎岖，气候阴冷。布拉德福德写道：在那儿没有人欢迎他们的到来。没有遮风挡雨的庇护所。也没有可以更衣洗漱的旅店。来到这儿的第一个冬天，半数都死于疾病或是风霜雨打——其中也包括布拉德福德的妻子。尽管冬去春来之后，清教徒们的生活改善了不少，但他们也并未真正富饶起来。为何如此？要知道，书里并没有记录这段故事，但布拉德福德自己的日记里却有记载。之所以他们没有成功，主要的原因是他们当时在践行社会主义初期的形态。
The original contract the Pilgrims had with their merchant-sponsors in London called for everything they produced to go into a common store. Each member of the community was entitled to one common share. All of the land they cleared and the houses they built belonged to the community. Bradford, as governor, recognized the inherent problem with this collectivist system.
在清教徒们同伦敦的赞助商贩最初签订的合同里，要求他们把所有生产的物品都放进公共商店里。每位成员都有权享有一份。他们开垦的土地和建造的房屋都归公有。作为管理者，布拉德福德认识到这种集体制度导致的内部问题。
"The experience that was had in this common course and condition, tried sundry years ... that by taking away property, and bringing community into common wealth, would make them happy and flourishing – as if they were wiser than God," Bradford wrote. "For this community [so far as it was] was found to breed much confusion and discontent, and retard much employment that would have been to their benefit and comfort. For young men that were most able and fit for labor and service did repine that they should spend their time and strength to work for other men's wives and children without any recompense ... that was thought injustice."
布拉德福德写道：“我们自以为比上帝聪慧，尝试了若干年，以为剥夺私有财产，让社会共同富裕，践行这种共有制度和过程，就能使清教徒们幸福繁荣。”他又补充道：“我发现这种社会形态（就目前的形态）反而滋生更多的困顿和不安，也阻碍那些工作的人获得利益以及安逸的权利。因为年轻男子最有能力，也最适合担任体力活，为他人提供劳务，这一点确实令他们心中积怨，他们花费自身精力和体力为其他男子的家室工作，却得不到任何回报。人们认为这非常不公。”
What a surprise! Even back then people did not want to work without incentive. Bradford decided to assign a plot of land to each family to work and manage, thus turning loose the power of free enterprise. What was the result?
意想不到啊！即便那时人们工作也希望能有奖励。布拉德福德决定给每家每户一小块地皮，让他们去耕作，这一举动放宽了自由企业。结果又如何呢？
"This had very good success," wrote Bradford, "for it made all hands industrious, so as much more corn was planted than otherwise would have been."
“这项举措太成功了，”布拉德福德写道，“因为这让所有人都变得有活可干，种的庄稼也比之前要多得多。”
As a result, the Pilgrims soon found they had more food than they could eat themselves. They set up trading posts and exchanged goods with the Indians. The profits allowed them to pay off their debts to the merchants in London much faster than expected. The success of the Plymouth colony thus attracted more Europeans and set off what we call the "Great Puritan Migration."
结果，清教徒们发现作物收成超过自给自足所需的量。于是他们建造了商栈，同其他印第安人交换商品。所得利润使得他们能比当初预期更快地偿还欠给伦敦商贩的债务。普利茅斯（Plymouth）殖民地的成功吸引了更多欧洲人以及开启了我们所说的“清教徒大迁徙”。（Great Puritan Migration）
But it wasn't just an economic system that allowed the Pilgrims to prosper. It was their devotion to God and His laws. And that's what Thanksgiving is really all about. The Pilgrims recognized that everything we have is a gift from God – even our sorrows. Their Thanksgiving tradition was established to honor God and thank Him for His blessings and His grace.
但清教徒们之所以能繁荣昌盛，靠的不仅仅是经济体系。还靠他们对上帝的笃信以及“克勤克俭、乐善好施、努力工作”的清教徒戒律。这才是感恩节的真正意义所在。清教徒们认识到一切皆是上帝赠予的礼物——即便是忧伤也不例外。建立感恩节传统是为了赞美上帝，感恩上帝给予的祝福与恩泽。