Question

新概念4课文的问题，麻烦。。。O(∩_∩)O谢谢

Technology trends may push Silicon Valley back to the future.Carver Mead,a pioneer in integrated circuits and a professor of computer science at the California Institute of Technology,notes there are now work-stations that enable engineers to design,test and produce chip right on their desks,much the way an editor creates a newsletter on a Macintosh.As the time and cost of making a chip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars,engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failures.Mead predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerfull customized chips over a weekend at the office--spawning a new generation of garage start-ups and giving the U.S. a jump on its foreign rivals in getting new products to market fast."we've got more garages with smart people," Mead observes. "We really thrive on anarchy".
And on Asians.Already,orientals and Asian Americans constitute the majority of the engineering staffs at many Valley firms.And Chinese,Korean, Filipino and Indian engineers are graduating in droves from California's colleges.As the heads of next-generation start-ups,these Asian innovators can draw on customs and languages to forge tighter links with crucial Pacific Rim markets.For instance,Alex Au,a Stanford Ph.D. from HongKong,has set up a Taiwan factory to challenge Japan's near lock on the memory-chip market.India-born N.Damodar Reddy's tiny California company reopened an AT&T chip plant in Kansas City last spring with financing from the state of Missouri.Before it becomes a retirement village,Silicon Valley may prove a classroom for building a global business.
这是一篇课文，里面一些东西感到难以理解！请指教！
1，Mead predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerfull customized chips over a weekend at the office这个， 应该是be able to do吧！后面怎么能直接加perfect powerfull customized chips.....
2，spawning a new generation of garage start-ups 中start-ups是什么？白手起家的人？
3，giving the U.S. a jump on its foreign rivals in getting new products to market 中的a jump on 是什么？？？getting new products to market是获得新产品投放市场？不通啊！
4，第一句Technology trends may push Silicon Valley back to the future的译文是技术的发展趋势有可能把硅谷重新推向未来，怎么用back啊？他的意思是现在硅谷衰落了？岂有此理
5，we've got more garages,spawning a new generation of garage start-ups ，这两句话里面怎么用汽车间？？和汽车间有什么关系？？
6，Before it becomes a retirement village为什么说变成一个退休村？？？？？
请尽量解决上面提到的所有的问题，这篇文章看着觉得毫无逻辑，可恶
不是软件。。。是课文译文

Answer 1

1.perfect可以做动词表示使完美,使完善
2.start-up 这里其实是指刚成立不久的小公司
3这里的jump做名词,意思给给它一个大的跳跃,句子意思：用在市场中投放新产品的方法给美国一个巨大的跳跃使之可以与外国竞争者抗衡
4.back这里的意思是用来支持
5.这个garage就是停车库,请看我给的网站
6.意思是在这个村庄毁灭之前
Silicon Valley是一个全球高科技重镇,许多新型科技都在那里产生,但最近几年因为经济问题很多start-up都关门了,楼主看下这个,就都明白了.主要还是要了解一下这个地方的背景^^

Answer 2

1 perfect这里是形容词用作动词，作“使完美”之意。
2 不清楚，但可能是讲“继续建立”或“推进”。
3 give a jump意为“给予一个飞跃”。
4 back to the future有一个电影叫back to the future，大概和这差不多。
5 这两句翻译可能应是：“我们已建造了很多的加油站（或者也许是车库），给了新建车库推进作用。”
6 这里指Silicon Valley 失去他的原有作用时。
（PS 你给的好像是用软件翻译的吧，不应该像那样理解~~~！）

Answer 3

上面的英文是软件翻译出来的吧