英语五种基本句型列式如下：
基本句型一： S V （主＋谓）
基本句型二： S V P （主＋谓＋表）
基本句型三： S V O （主＋谓＋宾）
基本句型四： S V o O （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
基本句型五; S V O C （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
八大时态
一、 一般现在时：
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S）
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
二、 一般过去时：
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词
4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 现在进行时：
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句： How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 过去进行时：
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构：was/were+doing
4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 现在完成时：
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：have/has + done
4.否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
5.一般疑问句：have或has。
6.例句：I've written an article.
It has been raining these days.
六、 过去完成时：
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本结构：had + done.
4.否定形式：had + not + done.
5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 一般将来时：
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.
4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 过去将来时：
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.
4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day
行为动词
连系动词
情态动词
助动词
延续性动词
非延续性动词（短暂动词或瞬间动词），常见的有：stop，go,come,leave, begin,start, find(out), trun(on,off),send,set(down), receive, die,dress,appear,disappear, finish,end,join,solve, marry，knock，等，次常见的有：depart,recognize, determine, happen,jump
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行
I speak. I am speaking. I have spoken. I have been speaking.
You speak. You are speaking. You have spoken. You have been speaking.
He speaks. He is speaking. He has spoken. He has been speaking.
We speak. We are speaking. We have spoken. We have been speaking.
They speak. They are speaking. They have spoken. They have been speaking.
一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时
I spoke. I was speaking. I had spoken. I had been speaking.
You spoke. You were speaking. You had spoken. You had been speaking.
He spoke. He was speaking. He had spoken. He had been speaking.
We spoke. We were speaking. We had spoken. We had been speaking.
You spoke. You were speaking. You had spoken. You had been speaking.
They speak. They were speaking.They have spoken. They have been speaking.
一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时
I shall speak. I shall be speaking. I shall have spoken. I shall have been speaking.
You will speak.You will be speaking.You will have spoken. You will have been speaking.
He will speak. He will be speaking. He will have spoken. He will have been speaking.
We shall speak. We shall be speaking. We shall have spoken. We shall have been speaking.
You will speak. You will be speaking. You will have spoken. You will have been speaking.
They will speak.They will be speaking.They will have spoken.They will have been speaking.
过去将来 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时
I should speak. I should be speaking. I should have spoken.I should have been speaking.
You would speak.You would be speaking.You would have spoken.You would have been speaking.
He would speak. He would be speaking. He would have spoken. He would have been speaking.
We should speak.We should be speaking.We should have spoken.We should have been speaking.
You would speak.You would be speaking.You would have spoken.You would have been speaking.
They would speak.They would be speaking. They would have spoken. They would have been speaking.
动词的时态规律：英语的时态是极其重要的，如果没有了时态，英语恐怕也就成了乱字符了，虽说重要但并不是无规律可寻的，每一篇文章，每一个短文的完形填空，每一个句子，都有时态的标志，使你一看便知，一定是这个时态而不是别的。
在一篇文章或是一个句子里一定有某个词或短语让你必用什么时态，这是
确定无疑的，下面分别讲一下各个时态的规律。
1.一般现在时: 主语+do/does(现在分词)
e.g We clean the room every day.
2.一般过去时: 主语+did
e.g We cleaned the room just now.
3.现在进行时: 主语+am/is/are doing
e.g We are cleaning the room now.
4.过去进行时: was/were doing
e.g We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.
5.现在完成时: have/has done
e.g.We have cleaned the room already.
6.过去完成时: had done
e.g We had cleaned the room before he arrived.
7.一般将来时: will do/
e.g We will clean the room tomorrow.
8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do
e.g He said he would clean the room next.
