Question

非谓语动词主动形式有哪些以及区别

1：是不是：having done, doing, to be doing但是这又与被动形式如何对应呢？
2如果having done对应having been done,doing对应done,to be doing 对应to be done那being done 又对应主动形式的什么呢？
3：而且done是已完成难道doing也是已完成？
不懂的不要乱说，请不要与进行时态等时态乱牵扯关系

Answer 1

1 (主动或不及物) having done, doing和to be doing的对应形式是（被动）having been done, being done和to be being done
2 done的对应形式绝对不是doing：
Done well / Well done, the work pleases the boss a lot .-------- 强调“被动”的概念。
Doing his work busily, the workman can't go out for lunch. --------强调“主动”的概念，表达“正在- -- ”
Sleeping soundly in his room, he didn't hear or see what was happening outside --------强调“正在- -- ”， 属于不及物。
Being repaired at the moment, my car isn't available for use. --------强调“正在被- - - ”，属于及物。
还有问题吗？

追问

1doing表示现在正在发生，及对应现在发生的被动——being done
2:to be done这种被动形式是不是表示将要发生的被动？那它对应的主动形式又是什么呢（即表示将要发生的主动形式又是什么）？
3done与having been done都表示已经完成的被动，那二者又有什么区别呢？
4如果having done对应having been done，那done对应的主动形式又是什么呢？

追答

1doing表示现在正在发生，及对应现在发生的被动——being done ------ 对。
Doing his work, he isn't able to come out for you.
Being done now, the design is not yet ready.
2 :to be done这种被动形式是不是表示将要发生的被动？那它对应的主动形式又是什么呢---------
A 往往出现在复合谓语里面：
His work seems to be well done ------- He seems to do his work well.
B 表将来，做定语：
The work to be done tomorrow is important and has to be done carefully.
The man to do the work next week is from the government
3 done与having been done都表示已经完成的被动，那二者又有什么区别呢？
Built 40 years ago, this bridge needs rebuilding == This bridge, built 40 years ago, needs rebuilding --------done的形式在我看来，是定语前置/定语前移。
Hving been built for 40 years, this bridge still looks good and modern. -------- having been done的形式是做状语结构。