英文版《出师表》
Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.
Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.
This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.
The emperors of the Western Han chose their courtiers wisely, and their dynasty flourished. The emperors of the Eastern Han chose poorly, and they doomed the empire to ruin.
Whenever the late Emperor discussed this problem with me, he lamented the failings of Emperors Huan and Ling.
I began as a common man, farming in my fields in Nanyang, doing what I could to survive in an age of chaos. I never had any interest in making a name for myself as a noble.
The late Emperor was not ashamed to visit my cottage and seek my advice. Grateful for his regard, I responded to his appeal and threw myself into his service.
The late Emperor always appreciated my caution and, in his final days, entrusted me with his cause.
Since that moment, I have been tormented day and night by the fear that I might let him down. That is why I crossed the Lu river at the height of summer, and entered the wastelands beyond.
Now the south has been subdued, and our forces are fully armed. I should lead our soldiers to conquer the northern heartland and attempt to remove the hateful traitors, restore the house of Han, and return it to the former capital.
This is the way I mean to honor my debt to the late Emperor and fulfill my duty to you.
My only desire is to be permitted to drive out the traitors and restore the Han. If I should let you down, punish my offense and report it to the spirit of the late Emperor.
Your Majesty, consider your course of action carefully. Seek out good advice, and never forget the late words of the late Emperor. I depart now on a long expedition, and I will be forever grateful if you heed my advice. Blinded by my own tears, I know not what I write.
《出师表》介绍
《出师表》出自于《三国志·诸葛亮传》卷三十五，是三国时期（227年）蜀汉丞相诸葛亮在决定北上伐魏 夺取长安（今汉长安城遗址）之前给后主刘禅上书的表文。
这篇表文以议论为主，兼用记叙和抒情。以恳切委婉的言辞劝勉后主要广开言路、严明赏罚、亲贤远佞，以此兴复汉室 还于旧都；同时也表达自己以身许国，忠贞不二的思想。全文既不借助于华丽的辞藻，又不引用古老的典故，多以四字句行文。
此篇文章入选人教版初中语文九年级上册教科书。
《出师表》创作背景
蜀章武元年（221年），刘备称帝，诸葛亮为丞相。蜀汉建兴元年（223年），刘备病死，将刘禅托付给诸葛亮。诸葛亮实行了一系列比较正确的政治和经济措施，使蜀汉境内呈现兴旺景象。为了实现全国统一，诸葛亮在平息南方叛乱之后，于建兴五年（227年）决定北上伐魏，拟夺取魏的长安，临行之前上书后主，即这篇《出师表》。
