there is和are的用法
there is+第三人称单数可数/不可数主语+地点状语（介词短语）；there are+复数主语+地点状语（介词短语）。
there be句型的结构
1.there is+第三人称单数可数/不可数主语+地点状语（介词短语）
（1）There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。
（2）There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
2.there are+复数主语+地点状语（介词短语）
（1）There are four apples on the tree.树上有四个苹果。
（2）There are many flowers in the park.公园里有许多花。
3.There is+第三人称单数可数+v-ing+地点状语（介词短语）
（1）There is a bird singing in the tree.树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。
（2）There is a baby sleeping in the room.房间里有一个宝宝正在睡觉。
4.There are+复数主语+v-ing+地点状语（介词短语）
（1）There are some birds singing in the tree.树上有一些鸟正在唱歌。
（2）There are two boys running on the street.街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。
there be句型的疑问句及回答
1.在“there is/are...”的疑问句中，要把be动词放在there之前，并将句号变问号。句中出现some要改成any。
2.肯定回答：Yes,there is/are.
否定回答：No,there isn’t/aren’t.
结构：
3.Be动词+there+主语……？
（1）There is an apple on the tree.
Is there an apple on the tree?
肯定回答：Yes,there is.
否定回答：No,there isn’t.
（2）There are five pens on the desk.
Are there five pens on the desk?
肯定回答：Yes,there are.
否定回答：No,there aren’t.
（3）There is some water in the cup.
Is there any water in the cup?
肯定回答：Yes,there is.
否定回答：No,there isn’t.
there be句型的否定形式
否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成any。
1.There is a knife in the kitchen.
否定：There is not a knife in the kitchen.
2.There are five apples on the tree.
否定：There are not five apples on the tree.
3.There is some ink in the bottle.
否定：There is not any ink in the bottle.
4.There are some birds singing in the tree.
否定：There are not any birds singing in the tree.
