Question

上市的定义是什么？公司上市与否有什么利与弊？

Answer 1

When a corporation is first established, its shares may all be held by a small group of investors, perhaps the company’s managers and a few backers. In this case the shares are not publicly traded and the company is closely held. Eventually, when the film grows and new shares are issued to raise additional capital, its shares will be widely traded. Such corporations are known as public corporations. Most well-known corporations in the united states are public companies. In many other countries, it is common for large companies to remain in private hands.
By organizing as a corporation, a business can attract a wide variety of investors. Some may hold only a single share worth only a few dollars, cast only a single vote, and receive a tiny proportion of profits and dividends. Shareholders may also include giant pension funds and insurance companies whose investment may run to millions of shares and hundreds of millions of dollars, and who are entitled to a correspondingly large number of votes and proportion of profits and dividends.
Although the stockholders own the corporation, they do not manage it. Instead, they vote to elect a board of directors. Some of these directors may be drawn from top management, but others are non-executive directors, who are not employed by the film. This separation of ownership and management gives corporations permanence. Even if managers quit or are dismissed and replaced, the corporation can survive, and today’s stockholders can sell their shares to new investors without disrupting the operations of the business.