Question

翻译高手！翻译下面的几段文摘！！

家庭结构理论认为家庭结构就是家庭成员的角色分工，其间具有某种性质的联系，怎样相互配合与组织，相互作用与影响，以及这种相互作用和影响而形成的家庭模式类型。依社会学与人类学的观点，家庭结构重心与核心在于家庭结构中的基本三角，著名社会学家费孝通认为，在婚姻契约中不仅包含一种关系，而是包括两种相关联的社会关系——夫妇关系和亲子关系。这两种关系不能分别独立，夫妇关系以亲子关系为前提，亲子关系也以夫妇关系为必要条件。这是三角形的三边，是不能短缺的、而“丁克”家庭是建立在姻缘基础上的，只包含一种社会关系，耶夫妻关系，只是单纯的横向家庭关系。它是在主干家庭与核心家庭为主流的这个大背景下对家庭结构的有益探索，而后形成的一种新型的家庭关系。
中美家庭结构差异，很明显的有：“丁克”家庭的形成原因。在美国可以因为不想生而丁克，而在中国是因为没的生而丁克。

家庭结构是家庭成员的组合状况，它是家庭中的代际结构和人口结构的统一组合形式。中西家庭结构的差异体现了中西家庭观念的不同。
中国人重视血亲关系，中国血缘代际关系具有亲合力强、传递力强和持续力强三大特征。但在我国现代化的过程中，受社会环境的制约或推动，我国的家庭结构呈现出巨大变化，主要有以下特征：（1）家庭规模小型化：核心家庭或小家庭呈上升趋势；（2）主干家庭（指一个家庭中有两代以上，每代只有一对夫妇）仍占有相当的比例；（3）家庭类型多样化：以核心家庭为主，其它非核心化的小家庭如隔代家庭、丁克家庭、空巢家庭、单身家庭、单亲家庭等也正在构成我国城乡家庭结构的重要内容。
相比较而言，西方人对于血亲关系并不像中国人那么重视。在西方国家，核心家庭占绝对的主导地位，而主干家庭微乎其微，此外，还有单亲家庭，单身家庭，同居家庭等形式。
2．个人与家庭的关系
深受儒家思想影响，中国人的家庭观念极强。在个人、家庭、团体三者中，家庭占有异常突出的地位。在处理个人与家庭的关系上，家永远是神圣的、第一位的，个人利益从属于家庭利益（而家庭利益和家族利益紧密相连），而且往往合二为一。
在西方文化中，个人和团体占有比家庭重要得多的地位。家庭是社会的基本单位，但是它还可以进一步分解为个人。对于西方人来说，人不仅是知识的主体、自然的主宰，更是社会和家庭的主人，在个人与家庭的关系上，个人的利益和愿望是主导因素，而家庭则是次要的。

Answer 1

Family structure theory suggests that family structure is the division of roles of family members, during which contact with a certain character, and how interaction and organization, interaction and impact of this interaction and impact of the formation of the family model type. According to sociological and anthropological point of view, the main focus of the family structure is the family structure of the basic triangle, the famous sociologist Fei Xiaotong that in a marriage contract which includes not only a relationship, but includes two kinds of associated social relationship - the relationship between his wife and child relationship. These two relations can not separately, husband and wife relationship is the premise of parent-child relationships, parent-child relationship with his wife as a necessary condition for the relationship. This is a trilateral triangle, is not the shortage, and the "DINK" The family is built on the marriage-based, contain only a social relationship, the relationship between husband and wife Jesus, but a simple horizontal family relationships. It is the backbone of the family and the nuclear family as the mainstream in this context of a useful exploration of the family structure and then the formation of a new type of family relationship.
Sino-US differences in family structure, it is clear there are: "DINK" family formation of the reasons. In the United States does not want born Dink, while in China because no raw and Dink.

The family structure is a combination of status of family members, it is inter-generational family structure and population structure of the unified form of combination. West differences in family structure reflects the different Chinese and Western family values.
Genetic relationship between the Chinese people attach importance to China's relations with the blood on behalf of the strong affinity, passing three major characteristics of strong and sustained strong. But in China's modernization process, constrained by the social environment, or promote, our family structure showing a significant change in the following characteristics: (1) family size small: the nuclear family or small families on the rise; (2) Stem Family (referring to a family with more than two generations, each generation is only a couple) is still a considerable proportion; (3) diversity of family types: the core of family-oriented, and other non-core-oriented small families, such as inter-generational family , DINK families, empty-nest families, single-parent families, single-parent families are also being posed by urban and rural family structure important content.
By contrast, Westerners are not as for the genetic relationship between the Chinese people are so great importance. In Western countries, the nuclear family overwhelmingly dominant position, while the backbone of the family negligible, in addition to single-parent families, single-parent families, cohabitation and family forms.
2. The relationship between the individual and the family
Deeply influence of Confucianism, the Chinese people's strong family values. In the individual, family, group three, the family holds a very prominent position. In dealing with the relationship between the individual and the family home will always be sacred, the first one, and personal interests subordinate to the interests of the family (and family interests and family interests are closely linked), and often combined.
In Western cultures, individuals and groups occupy a much more important than the family's position. The family is the basic unit of society, but it can be further broken down into individual. For the Westerner, not only the main body of knowledge, natural domination, but also the masters of society and family in the personal and family relations, personal interests and aspirations of the dominant factor, while the family is of secondary importance

Answer 2

That family structure, family structure theory is the division of family members, have a role in the nature, contact with organizations, to cooperate with each other, and the functions and interactions and shaped family model type. In view of sociology, anthropology and family structure, family structure is the core of gravity and the basic trigonometric, sociologists believe in marriage, were not only contain a contractual relationship, but includes two kinds of social relations associated - couples relationship and parent-child relationships. The two kinds of relationships can independently, couples in parent-child relationships as the premise, with a couple relationship between parents also is necessary. This is a triangle, is not the shortage of edges, and "dink" family is built on the basis of marriage, only contains a social relations, and the relationship between husband and wife, just pure transverse family relationships. It is in the trunk for family and core family background of the mainstream of the family structure, then a useful exploration of the formation of a new family relationships.
China family structure, the obvious difference is: "dink" formation. In the United States could not born dink because, while in China because of not born dink.

Family structure is the family member, it is the combination of the family structure of population structure and interdecadal unified form. The difference between family structure embodies the Chinese family.
Chinese value and consanguineous relation, Chinese blood generational relation, strong affinity with strong and continuous dint strong heritability three characteristics. But in the process of China's modernization, the social environment, promote or restrict the family structure shows great changes, basically has the following features: (1) the family theme-miniaturization: core family or family ascendant trend, (2) backbone family (refers to a family of two generations, each generation only couple) still have quite rate. (3) family type diversified: in the family as other non-core every generation family, dink family, empty nester family, single family, single-parent families, etc are also constitutes the structure of urban and rural households.
In comparison, westerners like to consanguineous relation is not so much the Chinese. In western countries, the core of absolute dominance of the family, the small family and backbone, in addition, there are single-parent families, single family, cohabitation families, etc.
2) individual and family relations
By Confucianism, the Chinese family values. In personal, family, community,