系表结构是什么?

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刺任芹O
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1所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。 \x0d\x0a2系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。简单地说,将主语和表语联系在一起,并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。目前学到的系动词有 be , feel , look , sound , taste , smell 等动词。例如: \x0d\x0a  This flower is beautiful. \x0d\x0a  I felt very tired. \x0d\x0a  You look worried. \x0d\x0a  It tastes delicious.  3. 表语( Predicative ):表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后,主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词(短语)或动名词(短语)等来充当。例如: \x0d\x0a  I am fine . ( fine 是形容词,作表语) \x0d\x0a  He is a boy . ( boy 是名词,作表语) \x0d\x0a  Five plus two is seven . ( seven 是数词,作表语) \x0d\x0a  We are here . ( here 是副词,作表语) \x0d\x0a  He is not at home . (“ at home ”是介词短语,作表语) \x0d\x0a  My hobby is reading . ( reading 是动名词,作表语) \x0d\x0a  二 . 主系表结构的否定形式和一般疑问句形式的构成情况 \x0d\x0a  (一)否定形式: \x0d\x0a  1. 主语+ be ( is , am , are ) not +表语。 \x0d\x0a  2. 主语+助动词( do/ does )+ not + feel/ smell/ look…… +表语。例如: \x0d\x0a  She is a good girl. → She is not a good girl. \x0d\x0a  You look happy. → You don’t look happy. \x0d\x0a  It smells bad. → It doesn’t smell bad. \x0d\x0a  (二)一般疑问句形式: \x0d\x0a  1. Be ( Is / Am/ Are )+主语+表语? \x0d\x0a  2. 助动词( Do/ Does )+主语+动词原形+表语?例如: \x0d\x0a  This girl is in Row One. → Is this girl in Row One? \x0d\x0a  She feels terrible. → Does she feel terrible? \x0d\x0a  We look excited. → Do you look excited? \x0d\x0a  以上是初中教材中关于主系表结构的重点内容,请同学们一定掌握好。 \x0d\x0a  请大家按句子后面括号内的要求改写句子: \x0d\x0a  1. Lily is American. (改为一般疑问句) \x0d\x0a  2. I am from Sichuan. (改为否定句) \x0d\x0a  3. He looks puzzled. (改为一般疑问句) \x0d\x0a  4. They feel very excited. (改为否定句) \x0d\x0a  5. I am not feeling well. (改为肯定句) \x0d\x0a  6. The news sounds very bad. (改为一般疑问句) \x0d\x0a  7. We are all here. (改为一般疑问句) \x0d\x0a  8. The food tastes delicious. (改为一般疑问句) \x0d\x0a  9. Its name is Mimi. (改为否定句) \x0d\x0a  10. I feel well. (改为否定句) \x0d\x0a  Key: \x0d\x0a  1. Is Lily American? \x0d\x0a  2. I am not from Sichuan. \x0d\x0a  3. Does he look puzzled? \x0d\x0a  4. They don’t feel excited. \x0d\x0a  5. I am feeling well. \x0d\x0a  6. Does the news sound very bad? \x0d\x0a  7. Are you all here? \x0d\x0a  8. Does the food taste delicious? \x0d\x0a  9. Its name is not Mimi. \x0d\x0a  10. I don’t feel well
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