大学英语语法知识
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高考英语语法考点总结
一.非谓语动词 一.不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1） 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式： He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生 2） 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三）不定式的省略 1）感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, *** ell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
（强调"我看见了"这个事实） I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） " 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels fortable. 2） 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1）一样被动以后要还原to I 'd like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn. 3) help help *** do help *** to do help do help to do 四）有些动词后只跟不定式如： want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow *** to do, cause *** to do , permit *** to do, enable *** to do force *** to do. be more likely to do love to do warn *** to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do We agreed _______ here,but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET 1995) A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key:C) 五） 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式 accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to. 三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
其中，want不太常用。 He needs (a lot of) encouraging. 二. 动名词： 具有动作性特征的名词 1）是名词 seeing is believing 2）具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary. 一）动名词的形式： 一般形式：I don't like you *** oking. 完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice. 被动形式：This question is far from being settled. 二） 动名词常考的点 1）动名词做主语谓语动词为单数 2）在动名词和不定式中，做为介词的宾语是动名词 3）动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语. I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992) A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C your calling 也对) I regret not having taken your advice. 4）有些词后只能接动名词 admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand。
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法： it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point。 5有些词后加不定式和动名词均可 remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式，意义截然不容。
I remembered to post the letters. （指未来/过去未来的动作） I remembered posting/having posting the letters （我记得这个动作） forgot remember的用法类似。 I regret to inform you that… 我很遗憾地通知你… I regretted having left the firm after twenty years. 为了"二十年前的离开"而遗憾。
try to 努力 You really must try to overe your shyness. try -ing 试验 Try practicing five hours a day. I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. [打算、想]我想去，但我父亲不让我去。 To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. [意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
prefer的用法： 我宁愿在这里等。 3 分词： 现在分词主动进行，过去分词被动状态 现在分词的形式： 1）一般式： Do you see the man talking to the dean（主任）？ （与谓语动词同步发生） 2）完成形式：Not having made adequate preparations, they failed. （发生谓语动词之前） 3）完成被动形式：Having been adapted, the script seems perfect.（ 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动） 过去分词 1） 过去分词表示被动：Fight no battle unprepared.2）过去分词的进行形式：You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere。
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高考英语语法复习有哪些要点？
我先把它们列出来
1。定语从句（这个最重要）：
限从和非限从区别，
关系代词与用法，（that,which,who,whom,whose）
关系副词与用法，（when,where,why,how）
一些关系代词、关系副词的区别与比较（如as和which, that 和which）
限制性定从必须用that或which的情况
2。名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句（前两个比较重要）
3。状语从句：（这个有很多方面，讲太细学生也记不住，挑几个重要点的或者干脆不讲）
时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，方式状语从句
4。特殊句式：倒装（部分和完全）
强调（这个一定要讲，而且最简单- -最好记）
主谓一致（就是谓语单复数）比如there be就近一致 之类的 （这个其实属于死记- -解释下，然后发资料学生背就好了）
5。虚拟语气（这个难啊）
6。情态动词（这个也难啊）
7。词形变换（变动词，变形容词，变名词，变副词，还有过去式过去分词不规则变化）（讲下规律，然后资料学生自己背- -）
8.动词时态和语态：包括ING、不定式和非谓语（重点）
高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点
虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气的标准句式 2.标准句式与综错句式 3.条件句的省略倒装 4.虚拟语气的含蓄条件句 介词with, without, under, in, but for 等表示含蓄条件； 连词but, or, or else等表示含蓄条件； 副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设： 5.省略主句的虚拟语气结构if only 6.用于宾语从句的虚拟语气 that宾语从句需用（should）十动词原形表示虚拟的动词： advise, remend, propose, suggest, insist, move, urge, mand, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, maintain, prefer, desire, vote that不可以省略；should可以省略： 以上动词的同词根名词在that同位语从句和表语从句的谓语需用（should）十动词原形 如： insistence, preference, remendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity 以上动词的同词根形容词及分词在that主语从句的谓语需用（should）十动词原形，如： advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent; advised, arranged, manded, demanded desired, ordered, proposed, remended, requested, required, suggested; essential, important, natural, necessary, possible, proper, strange 7.用于目的状语从句的虚拟语气 in case; in fear that; lest 8.用于方式状语从句的虚拟语气 9.常用的虚拟语气句式 1) it is high time 2) would rather 3）情态动词完成式可以表示责备、推测语气； 倒 装 全部倒装与部分倒装： 1.否定词语置于句首 never, no, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respects, in no sense, in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner, in vain 2. only十状语置于句首 only加副词：only then,only once only加介词短语：only at that time,only in this way,only by doing only加状语从句：only because, only when 3.not only……but also……置于句首 4.so……that……状语、表语置于句首 5.than引导的比较状语从句（可以） 6.表语+系动词+主语 7.存在句 8.as引导的方式状语从句（可以） 主谓一致 常出现在主谓部分倒装结构中；常出现在主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他修饰结构的句子中；常出现关系代词作主语的定语从句中； 1.以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致 1学科名词2构词单复3专有名词 。
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一.非谓语动词 一.不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1） 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式： He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生 2） 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三）不定式的省略 1）感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, *** ell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
（强调"我看见了"这个事实） I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） " 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels fortable. 2） 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1）一样被动以后要还原to I 'd like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn. 3) help help *** do help *** to do help do help to do 四）有些动词后只跟不定式如： want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow *** to do, cause *** to do , permit *** to do, enable *** to do force *** to do. be more likely to do love to do warn *** to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do We agreed _______ here,but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET 1995) A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key:C) 五） 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式 accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to. 三、need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。
其中，want不太常用。 He needs (a lot of) encouraging. 二. 动名词： 具有动作性特征的名词 1）是名词 seeing is believing 2）具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary. 一）动名词的形式： 一般形式：I don't like you *** oking. 完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice. 被动形式：This question is far from being settled. 二） 动名词常考的点 1）动名词做主语谓语动词为单数 2）在动名词和不定式中，做为介词的宾语是动名词 3）动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语. I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992) A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key:C your calling 也对) I regret not having taken your advice. 4）有些词后只能接动名词 admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand。
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法： it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point。 5有些词后加不定式和动名词均可 remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式，意义截然不容。
I remembered to post the letters. （指未来/过去未来的动作） I remembered posting/having posting the letters （我记得这个动作） forgot remember的用法类似。 I regret to inform you that… 我很遗憾地通知你… I regretted having left the firm after twenty years. 为了"二十年前的离开"而遗憾。
try to 努力 You really must try to overe your shyness. try -ing 试验 Try practicing five hours a day. I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. [打算、想]我想去，但我父亲不让我去。 To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. [意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
prefer的用法： 我宁愿在这里等。 3 分词： 现在分词主动进行，过去分词被动状态 现在分词的形式： 1）一般式： Do you see the man talking to the dean（主任）？ （与谓语动词同步发生） 2）完成形式：Not having made adequate preparations, they failed. （发生谓语动词之前） 3）完成被动形式：Having been adapted, the script seems perfect.（ 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动） 过去分词 1） 过去分词表示被动：Fight no battle unprepared.2）过去分词的进行形式：You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere。
.。
高考英语语法复习有哪些要点？
我先把它们列出来
1。定语从句（这个最重要）：
限从和非限从区别，
关系代词与用法，（that,which,who,whom,whose）
关系副词与用法，（when,where,why,how）
一些关系代词、关系副词的区别与比较（如as和which, that 和which）
限制性定从必须用that或which的情况
2。名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句（前两个比较重要）
3。状语从句：（这个有很多方面，讲太细学生也记不住，挑几个重要点的或者干脆不讲）
时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，方式状语从句
4。特殊句式：倒装（部分和完全）
强调（这个一定要讲，而且最简单- -最好记）
主谓一致（就是谓语单复数）比如there be就近一致 之类的 （这个其实属于死记- -解释下，然后发资料学生背就好了）
5。虚拟语气（这个难啊）
6。情态动词（这个也难啊）
7。词形变换（变动词，变形容词，变名词，变副词，还有过去式过去分词不规则变化）（讲下规律，然后资料学生自己背- -）
8.动词时态和语态：包括ING、不定式和非谓语（重点）
高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点
虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气的标准句式 2.标准句式与综错句式 3.条件句的省略倒装 4.虚拟语气的含蓄条件句 介词with, without, under, in, but for 等表示含蓄条件； 连词but, or, or else等表示含蓄条件； 副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设： 5.省略主句的虚拟语气结构if only 6.用于宾语从句的虚拟语气 that宾语从句需用（should）十动词原形表示虚拟的动词： advise, remend, propose, suggest, insist, move, urge, mand, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, maintain, prefer, desire, vote that不可以省略；should可以省略： 以上动词的同词根名词在that同位语从句和表语从句的谓语需用（should）十动词原形 如： insistence, preference, remendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity 以上动词的同词根形容词及分词在that主语从句的谓语需用（should）十动词原形，如： advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent; advised, arranged, manded, demanded desired, ordered, proposed, remended, requested, required, suggested; essential, important, natural, necessary, possible, proper, strange 7.用于目的状语从句的虚拟语气 in case; in fear that; lest 8.用于方式状语从句的虚拟语气 9.常用的虚拟语气句式 1) it is high time 2) would rather 3）情态动词完成式可以表示责备、推测语气； 倒 装 全部倒装与部分倒装： 1.否定词语置于句首 never, no, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respects, in no sense, in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner, in vain 2. only十状语置于句首 only加副词：only then,only once only加介词短语：only at that time,only in this way,only by doing only加状语从句：only because, only when 3.not only……but also……置于句首 4.so……that……状语、表语置于句首 5.than引导的比较状语从句（可以） 6.表语+系动词+主语 7.存在句 8.as引导的方式状语从句（可以） 主谓一致 常出现在主谓部分倒装结构中；常出现在主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他修饰结构的句子中；常出现关系代词作主语的定语从句中； 1.以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致 1学科名词2构词单复3专有名词 。
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