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6个回答
2010-01-18
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一、基本概念及结构:
反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句。
完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。
如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。例如:
You don't like rock music, do you? 你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧?
二、其他规则:
1、陈述部分用否定词或半否定词 no , nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:
He is never late for school, is he?他上学从不迟到,是吗?
2、述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn’t +主语。例如:
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他过去常常在那儿拍照,是吗?
You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t/ didn’t you?
3、陈述部分为祈使句,祈使句后加附加问句,不表示反意,而表示一种语气。其结构为:
否定祈使句,+ will you?
肯定祈使句+ will / won’t you? 例如:
Don't do that again, will you? 不要再那样做了,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you? 跟我走,好吗?
注意:
Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you? 例如:
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 让我们去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you? 让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
4、如果陈述句部分的谓语含有带否定前缀dis-, un-, im-或否定后缀-less的词(dislike, discourage,be unfair/ untrue/ unable, etc.),仍按肯定句处理,其反问部分一般用否定式。例如:
It’s unfair, isn’t it?
You dislike it, don't you? 你不喜欢它,是吗?
The patient is unable to move round, isn't he? 这个病人不能到处走,是吗?
5、陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I。例如:
I'm late for the meeting,aren't I? 我开会迟到了,是吗?
6、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切都准备好了,是吗?
7、如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词someone(body), anyone(body), everyone(body), no one, nobody 等,由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代人,其反问部分的主语可以是they也可以是泛指第三人称单数的he。例如:
Everyone passed the exam, didn't they / he? 每个人都通过了考试,是吗?
Someone is coming, aren't they / isn't he? 有人来了,是吗?
8、陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。例如:
There's not much news in today's newspaper, is there? 今天的报纸上没有什么新闻,是吗?
9、含有宾语从句的反义疑问句:
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语应与主句的主语保持一致。例如:
He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?
但当主句是:I think, I believe, I suppose, I except, I imagine等结构时,疑问部分的主语和谓语动词应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。例如:
I don’t believe he will succeed, will he
He doesn’t believe he will succeed, does he
10、陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句:
当must作必须讲时,其翻译疑问部分用needn’t;当含有mustn’t(不允许,禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用must/ may。例如:
You must go now, needn’t you?
You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you?
当must/may(might)表示推测,即must作“一定,准是”讲,may/might作“可能”讲时,可首先将句子改为“I am (not)sure that 从句”,反义疑问部分的动词形式根据be (not) sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。例如:
You must/ may (might) be hungry now, ______? 改为
I am (not) sure that you are hungry, aren’t you?
You must (might) be hungry now, aren’t you?
You must have heard about it, hadn’t you?
You must have watched that football match last night)
11、陈述部分含有ought to的反义疑问句,其反义部分用oughtn’t 或shouldn’t均可。例如:
He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t /shouldn’t he?
12、感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。例如:
What beautiful flowers, aren't they? 多漂亮的花呀,不是吗?
13、陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。例如:
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想跟我一起去,是吗?
14、陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。例如:
He would rather stay at home than go out, wouldn't he? 他宁愿呆在家也不愿出去,是吗?
15、陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。例如:
I wish to visit America, may I? 我想去美国旅行,行吗?
16、陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。例如:
We have to write it with a pen, don’t we? 我们必须要用钢笔填写,是吗?
17、陈述部分有had better + v.疑问句部分用hadn't you? 例如:
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己看,好吗?
18、带情态动词dare或need的反义疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。例如:
We need not do it again, need we? 我们不需要重做,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢如此说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。例如:
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
三、反义疑问句的回答:
1、一个句子前后保持一致,要么肯定到底,要么否定到底,不能出现Yes, I don’t和No, I do的形式。例如:
You don't go to school on Sunday, do you? 肯定回答:Yes, I do.否定回答:No, I don't.
2、反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的。
不用看汉语如何翻译,只看所提到的事情是否发生。如果发生了,就用肯定回答,否则用否定回答。例如:
对方问你 You aren’t a teacher, are you?或You are a teacher, aren’t you? 你只要听懂you 和teacher两个单词即可,如果你是老师,回答Yes, I am. 否则回答No, I’m not.
反义疑问句(tag-questions)是四类基本问句中的一类,因为它相比于一般疑问句(general question),特殊疑问句(special question)不那么常见,所以很多同学遇到反义疑问句的时候往往是丈二金刚摸不着头脑,今天我们就来一起探究一下如何解决初中阶段常遇见的反义疑问句.
反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句。完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。例如:
She speaks good English, doesn't she?她英语讲得好,对吧?
You don't like rock music, do you ? 你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧?
掌握了这些知识是不是遇到反义疑问句就能迎刃而解了呢?远远不够,我们还需要掌握如下规则:
1)陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想跟我一起去,是吗?
2)陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather stay at home than go out, wouldn't he? 他宁愿呆在家也不愿出去,是吗?
3)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm late for the meeting,aren't I? 我开会迟到了,是吗?
4)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
5)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to visit America , may I? 我想去美国旅行,行吗?
6) 陈述部分用
no , nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。 He is never late for school, is he ?他上学从不迟到,是吗?
7)陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There's not much news in today's newspaper ,is there? 今天的报纸上没有什么新闻,是吗?
8)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。 We have to write it with a pen ,don't we? 我们必须要用钢笔填写,是吗?
9)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他过去常常在那儿拍照,是吗?
10)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己看,好吗?
11) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他一定是名医生,是吗?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? 你学英语一定学了三年了,是吗?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他一定昨天就完成了,是吗?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。
What beautiful flowers, aren't they?多漂亮的花呀,不是吗?
12) 如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词someone(body), anyone(body), everyone(body), no one, nobody 等,由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代人,其反问部分的主语可以是they也可以是泛指第三人称单数的he。
Everyone passed the exam, didn't they / he?每个人都通过了考试,是吗?
Someone is coming, aren't they / isn't he ? 有人来了,是吗?
13)带情态动词dare或need的反义疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不需要重做,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he ? 他不敢如此说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
14)省去主语的祈使句的反义疑问句,疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you? 不要再那样做了,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you ? 跟我走,好吗?
注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 让我们去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you? 让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
15)如果陈述句部分的谓语含有带否定前缀dis-, un-, im-或否定后缀-less的词(dislike, discourage,be unfair/ untrue/ unable, etc.),仍按肯定句处理,其反问部分要用否定式。例如:
You dislike it, don't you? 你不喜欢它,是吗?
The patient is unable to move round, isn't he? 这个病人不能到处走,是吗?
16)must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反义疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he? 他现在一定在那儿,是吗?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
最后,来谈谈反义疑问句的回答, 反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的。
eg:You don't go to school on Sunday,do you ?肯定回答:Yes, I do.否定回答:No, I don't.
即不管问题问的是什么,你去就是“Yes”,不去就是“No”,就这么简单。
但是要注意的是,英语中一个句子前后保持一致,切不可说成“Yes, I don't.”或“NO, I do.”
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一,它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是:陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语?如:
①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you?
使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则:
一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:
肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如:
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如:
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如:
①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?)
②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)
四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?)
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。如:
①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)
②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时,问句部分习惯上用aren’t I?表示。如:
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如:
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时,问句部分的主语用it。如:
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时,问句部分的主语用he或 they,这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如:
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时,问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如:
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如:
Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时,问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如:
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求,用won’t you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如:
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式。如:
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如:
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时,问句部分用hadn’t +主语?形式。
①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时,问句部分用didn’t + 主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式。
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用过去时形式。如:
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?
(不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?)
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?)
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如:
①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?)
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?)
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时,问句部分的主语一般用it代替,如:
①What he said is true, isn't it? (不用didn’t he?)
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用won’t we?)
二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时,问句的主语用it代替。如:
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?
②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句。
完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。
如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。例如:
You don't like rock music, do you? 你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧?
二、其他规则:
1、陈述部分用否定词或半否定词 no , nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:
He is never late for school, is he?他上学从不迟到,是吗?
2、述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn’t +主语。例如:
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他过去常常在那儿拍照,是吗?
You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t/ didn’t you?
3、陈述部分为祈使句,祈使句后加附加问句,不表示反意,而表示一种语气。其结构为:
否定祈使句,+ will you?
肯定祈使句+ will / won’t you? 例如:
Don't do that again, will you? 不要再那样做了,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you? 跟我走,好吗?
注意:
Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you? 例如:
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 让我们去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you? 让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
4、如果陈述句部分的谓语含有带否定前缀dis-, un-, im-或否定后缀-less的词(dislike, discourage,be unfair/ untrue/ unable, etc.),仍按肯定句处理,其反问部分一般用否定式。例如:
It’s unfair, isn’t it?
You dislike it, don't you? 你不喜欢它,是吗?
The patient is unable to move round, isn't he? 这个病人不能到处走,是吗?
5、陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I。例如:
I'm late for the meeting,aren't I? 我开会迟到了,是吗?
6、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切都准备好了,是吗?
7、如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词someone(body), anyone(body), everyone(body), no one, nobody 等,由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代人,其反问部分的主语可以是they也可以是泛指第三人称单数的he。例如:
Everyone passed the exam, didn't they / he? 每个人都通过了考试,是吗?
Someone is coming, aren't they / isn't he? 有人来了,是吗?
8、陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。例如:
There's not much news in today's newspaper, is there? 今天的报纸上没有什么新闻,是吗?
9、含有宾语从句的反义疑问句:
当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语应与主句的主语保持一致。例如:
He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he?
但当主句是:I think, I believe, I suppose, I except, I imagine等结构时,疑问部分的主语和谓语动词应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。例如:
I don’t believe he will succeed, will he
He doesn’t believe he will succeed, does he
10、陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句:
当must作必须讲时,其翻译疑问部分用needn’t;当含有mustn’t(不允许,禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用must/ may。例如:
You must go now, needn’t you?
You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you?
当must/may(might)表示推测,即must作“一定,准是”讲,may/might作“可能”讲时,可首先将句子改为“I am (not)sure that 从句”,反义疑问部分的动词形式根据be (not) sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。例如:
You must/ may (might) be hungry now, ______? 改为
I am (not) sure that you are hungry, aren’t you?
You must (might) be hungry now, aren’t you?
You must have heard about it, hadn’t you?
You must have watched that football match last night)
11、陈述部分含有ought to的反义疑问句,其反义部分用oughtn’t 或shouldn’t均可。例如:
He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t /shouldn’t he?
12、感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。例如:
What beautiful flowers, aren't they? 多漂亮的花呀,不是吗?
13、陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。例如:
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想跟我一起去,是吗?
14、陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。例如:
He would rather stay at home than go out, wouldn't he? 他宁愿呆在家也不愿出去,是吗?
15、陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。例如:
I wish to visit America, may I? 我想去美国旅行,行吗?
16、陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。例如:
We have to write it with a pen, don’t we? 我们必须要用钢笔填写,是吗?
17、陈述部分有had better + v.疑问句部分用hadn't you? 例如:
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己看,好吗?
18、带情态动词dare或need的反义疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。例如:
We need not do it again, need we? 我们不需要重做,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢如此说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。例如:
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
三、反义疑问句的回答:
1、一个句子前后保持一致,要么肯定到底,要么否定到底,不能出现Yes, I don’t和No, I do的形式。例如:
You don't go to school on Sunday, do you? 肯定回答:Yes, I do.否定回答:No, I don't.
2、反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的。
不用看汉语如何翻译,只看所提到的事情是否发生。如果发生了,就用肯定回答,否则用否定回答。例如:
对方问你 You aren’t a teacher, are you?或You are a teacher, aren’t you? 你只要听懂you 和teacher两个单词即可,如果你是老师,回答Yes, I am. 否则回答No, I’m not.
反义疑问句(tag-questions)是四类基本问句中的一类,因为它相比于一般疑问句(general question),特殊疑问句(special question)不那么常见,所以很多同学遇到反义疑问句的时候往往是丈二金刚摸不着头脑,今天我们就来一起探究一下如何解决初中阶段常遇见的反义疑问句.
反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的问句。完成后一部分简短问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。例如:
She speaks good English, doesn't she?她英语讲得好,对吧?
You don't like rock music, do you ? 你不喜欢摇滚乐,对吧?
掌握了这些知识是不是遇到反义疑问句就能迎刃而解了呢?远远不够,我们还需要掌握如下规则:
1)陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想跟我一起去,是吗?
2)陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather stay at home than go out, wouldn't he? 他宁愿呆在家也不愿出去,是吗?
3)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm late for the meeting,aren't I? 我开会迟到了,是吗?
4)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
5)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to visit America , may I? 我想去美国旅行,行吗?
6) 陈述部分用
no , nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。 He is never late for school, is he ?他上学从不迟到,是吗?
7)陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There's not much news in today's newspaper ,is there? 今天的报纸上没有什么新闻,是吗?
8)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。 We have to write it with a pen ,don't we? 我们必须要用钢笔填写,是吗?
9)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他过去常常在那儿拍照,是吗?
10)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己看,好吗?
11) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他一定是名医生,是吗?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? 你学英语一定学了三年了,是吗?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他一定昨天就完成了,是吗?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。
What beautiful flowers, aren't they?多漂亮的花呀,不是吗?
12) 如果陈述部分的主语是不定代词someone(body), anyone(body), everyone(body), no one, nobody 等,由于它们是第三人称单数并且指代人,其反问部分的主语可以是they也可以是泛指第三人称单数的he。
Everyone passed the exam, didn't they / he?每个人都通过了考试,是吗?
Someone is coming, aren't they / isn't he ? 有人来了,是吗?
13)带情态动词dare或need的反义疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不需要重做,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he ? 他不敢如此说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
14)省去主语的祈使句的反义疑问句,疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you? 不要再那样做了,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you ? 跟我走,好吗?
注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 让我们去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you? 让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
15)如果陈述句部分的谓语含有带否定前缀dis-, un-, im-或否定后缀-less的词(dislike, discourage,be unfair/ untrue/ unable, etc.),仍按肯定句处理,其反问部分要用否定式。例如:
You dislike it, don't you? 你不喜欢它,是吗?
The patient is unable to move round, isn't he? 这个病人不能到处走,是吗?
16)must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反义疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he? 他现在一定在那儿,是吗?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
最后,来谈谈反义疑问句的回答, 反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的。
eg:You don't go to school on Sunday,do you ?肯定回答:Yes, I do.否定回答:No, I don't.
即不管问题问的是什么,你去就是“Yes”,不去就是“No”,就这么简单。
但是要注意的是,英语中一个句子前后保持一致,切不可说成“Yes, I don't.”或“NO, I do.”
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一,它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是:陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语?如:
①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you?
使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则:
一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:
肯定+否定? 否定+肯定?如:
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如:
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)
三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如:
①They will go to town soon, won’t they?(不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?)
②He works very hard, doesn’t he?(不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)
四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)
③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?)
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。如:
①She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?)
②He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?)
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时,问句部分习惯上用aren’t I?表示。如:
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如:
①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he?
②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?)
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?)
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?)
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?)
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasn’t/ was it?)
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如:
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you)
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用wouldn’t she?)
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时,问句部分的主语用it。如:
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时,问句部分的主语用he或 they,这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如:
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时,问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如:
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如:
Let us stop to rest, will you?
十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时,问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如:
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求,用won’t you?形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如:
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②You feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用will you?形式。如:
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如:
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时,问句部分用hadn’t +主语?形式。
①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时,问句部分用didn’t + 主语?或usedn’t +主语?形式。
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用过去时形式。如:
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?
(不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?)
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?)
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时,若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语,问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如:
①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? (不用mustn’t they?)
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?(不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?)
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时,问句部分的主语一般用it代替,如:
①What he said is true, isn't it? (不用didn’t he?)
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用won’t we?)
二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时,问句的主语用it代替。如:
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?
②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
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