Question

宏观经济学里面说总产出的价值等于总收入的价值？怎么理解？

一个企业从销售产品中获得的货币必须以收入的形式支付给生产要素的所有者，如果所有的收益都以收入的形式支付出去了，企业怎么获得利润呢？
我们有没有可能实现企业利润等于销售价格的百分之五十？

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Answer 1

首先，我认为这个总产出的价值等于总收入的价格不是说这么理解的。宏观经济学的东西不能这么用钱来表示，只是价值相当而已。

总产出包括两大部分，利润和成本，而利润是收入很容易理解；而成本又是另一部分人的收入（如：工资，原材料等）。所以总产出就是等于总收入的。

Answer 2

Total income represents the income received by households in payment for the production of goods and services. Why must total income be identical to the dollar value of total output? First, as Figure 8-1 shows, spending by one group is income to another. Second, it is a matter of simple accounting and the economic definition of profit as a cost of production. Profit is defined as what is left over from total business receipts after all other costs—wages, rents, interest—have been paid. If the dollar value of total output is $1,000 and the total of wages, rent, and interest for producing that output is $900, profit is $100. Profit is always the residual item that makes total income equal to the dollar value of total output.