Question

大二 语法问题

the hungry child ate" what "was left over
1.请问what表示的是被动吗？
2.这是宾语从句吗？从语法角度为什么用what？
2.我想知道what引导的是不是个被动句？
3.宾语从句中，what可不可以作主语？请举个例子？

Answer 1

1、不是。what怎么能表示主被动？was left over表示被动。这是what引导的宾语从句。
2、是。作eat的宾语，剩下的是物，所以用what。
3、没有what引导被动句的说法。what was left over是宾语从句、只是说what是被剩下的。
4、可以。如：The shopkeeper did not want to sell for what he thought was not enough.what在从句中作主语。

另外：

一、 what用作关系代词，也即连接代词，引导名词性从句，可以作主语、宾语、定语

1. 引导主语从句

例1 What made the school proud was that more than 90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities. 使学校骄傲的是90％的学生被重点大学录取。

例2 What makes the matter worse is that it begins to rain. 更糟糕的是开始下起雨来了。

2. 引导表语从句

例3 ---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game ?

---Oh, that’s what makes me feel excited.

例4 The city is not what it used to be. 这个城市不再是先前的模样了。

3. 引导宾语从句

例5 A man’s worth lays not so much in what he has as in what he is. 人的价值不在于他有什么，而在于他是怎样的人。

例6 After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 好像过了几个小时以后，他面带苦笑走了出来。

二、 what 用作关系形容词，作定语。意为“所…… 的全部,任何的”；与little、few 连用时，其含义多为“虽然少，但把所有的都…… ”

例7 The home improvements have taken what little there is of my spare time. 家庭环境的改善占去了我仅有的一点业余时间。

例8 Don’t worry. I will give you what help I can. 别担心，我一定尽我所能帮你。

例9 I will lend you what few reference books I can spare. 我愿把我用不着的虽然为数不多的参考书全部借给你。

三、 what惯用句式：A is to B what C is to D （比喻结构）A对B之关系犹如C对D之关系

例10 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。

例11 What salt is to the food, wit and humour are to conversation and literature. 隽语与幽默之于会话与文学，恰象盐之于食物一样。

四、 what引导插入语,意为“还有的是，加之”

例12 He is handsome, and what is more, very rich. 他长得很英俊，而且还很富有。

例13 He is, what is called , a living dictionary. 他就是所谓的活词典。

五、 what的强调形式whatever(anything that)

例14 Whatever she does is ridiculous. 她的所作所为都是谎谬的。

例15 Take whatever magazines you want to read. 任何你想读的杂志都可以取阅。

六、有关what的某些习语

1. What about…？(表建议或征求对方意见) ……怎么样?

例16 What about going to the movies ?

2. What for? (=why) (口语) 为何,为什么 ？

例17 ---Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?

---What for ?

3. So what？ (表示不感兴趣或认为不重要) 那又怎么样? (口语)

4. what if…?/what though (表示建议或疑虑等) 倘使……将会怎么样; 即使……又怎么样?

例18 --- What if I move the picture over here?

--- I suppose it will look better.

5. What with… and (what with ). ……部分因为……, 部分因为……(后面通常接不好的事情)。

例19 What with overwork and what with hunger, he became sick at last. 一半由于工作过度，一半由于饥饿，他终于病倒了。

Answer 2

1. 是的。后面用了 被动语态
2. 是的。孩子吃了剩下的东西 ，东西就要用“what”表示
3. 当然是，见1
4. 可以。例：Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?

Answer 3

是宾语从句，what was left over 是ate的宾语，在这个从句中what就是主语，这个从句是个被动句。
类似的：Tomorrow I will see what they talked about yesterday.明天我将看到他们昨天讨论的东西。

Answer 4

what引导的是个被动句，看was left不是看what
是宾语从句，本句就是what(从句中)做主语很好的例子