Question

英语翻译和语法问题

1 It seems to
me that it was only after cooking enabled
individuals to save time on chewing that
they could increase the amount of time
spent on an activity that, for all its potential
benefits, might not yield any food.

it was only after什么意思

2 These attacks, they argue, are motivated by the fear that airing
doubts could lead to less funding for the field. Says Williams:
“Whether it’s conscious or not, it’s in their interest to promote
this field, and they’re not objective.” it和they都指代什么

3 We could even do so nut
by nut or, more generally, food by food 求翻译

4 Publishing his results in the
Journal of the Chemical Society of
Tokyo in 1909, Ikeda declared
that his study had found that
seaweed contains glutamates
and that glutamates create the
familiar yet theretofore undesignated
taste umami. yet这里怎么翻译，我一见到yet 怎么不太会翻译呢？

辛苦各位！

Answer 1

1）只有……才 （有了烹调技术人类才能……）
2）they指“有人”。就是说：“不管是否自觉，他们没有利息提倡这事，所以他们不客观”
3）我也不完全明白……大概就是：我们可以这样分析（？）一个一个果仁，一个一个菜
4）这里的yet是“不过“

我的汉语不太好，对不起！:)