Question

四级阅读基本功--长难句过关（第七期）

Answer 1

Exercise

Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed , to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near.

Second, we have tried to isolate some of the key factors that govern service quality, and offer examples of organizations that manage service well and of some that manage it poorly.

If you are a man, you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman, you can retort that so are most criminals.

要点分析和参考译文

要点：“need”后面有三个并列的不定式短语的被动式坐定语。即：“to be informed”，“to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition”和“to be told when the end was near”
参考译文：他们中许多人和我们一样极其需要获得信息，享有最先进的医疗条件，以及在临终前得知自己就要离开人世。

要点：此句为并列复合句。从句that govern service quality是定语从句，修饰factors；第一个并列连词and连接的是第二个分句。其中，that manage service well 是定语从句，修饰organizations；第二个并列连词and连接的是examples的并列后置定语。Of some是指：examples of some organizations。从句that manage it poorly 作定语，修饰some。代词it指的是” service”
参考译文：其次，我们力图挑选出一些决定服务质量的关键性因素，并提供一些实例来说明有些商业机构把服务管理得很好，而有些却很差。

要点：这是一个句型结构十分对称的并列复合句。分号前为第一分句，从属连词if引导的是条件状语从句，that引导的从句是动词短语point out 的宾语。分句二的结构基本与分句一的相同。需要指出的是分句二由that引导的宾语从句中，作者使用了倒装的形式most criminals 是主语，so是表语，代替male以避免重复。本句是表示两种事物的对比，倒装的使用有较强的表现力。
参考译文：如果你是男人，你会指出，大多数的诗人和科学家都是男性的；如果你是女人，你会反驳说，大多数罪犯也都是男性的