微积分题,如图
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|a+xb|^2
=(a+xb).(a+xb)
=|a|^2+2x(a.b) + x^2.|b|^2
/
lim(x->0) ( |a+xb| - |a| )/x
=lim(x->0) ( |a+xb|^2 - |a|^2 )/[ x ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=lim(x->0) ( 2x(a.b) + x^2.|b|^2 )/[ x ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=lim(x->0) ( 2(a.b) + x|b|^2 )/[ ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=(a.b) /|a|
=(a+xb).(a+xb)
=|a|^2+2x(a.b) + x^2.|b|^2
/
lim(x->0) ( |a+xb| - |a| )/x
=lim(x->0) ( |a+xb|^2 - |a|^2 )/[ x ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=lim(x->0) ( 2x(a.b) + x^2.|b|^2 )/[ x ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=lim(x->0) ( 2(a.b) + x|b|^2 )/[ ( |a+xb| + |a| ) ]
=(a.b) /|a|
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