Question

（JAVA）怎样将对数据库的增删查改方法封装起来便于以后调用

比如说在用户表内写入数据，以前我写的方法是
public void storeUser(User user) {
String sql = "insert into users values(?,?,?,?)";
Connection con = OpreDataBase.getConnection();
try {
PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setInt(1, getRow());
ps.setString(2, user.getUsername());
ps.setString(3, user.getPassword());
ps.setString(4, user.getEmail());

ps.execute();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
但是现在我想写个其他表也能通用的朝表内写入数据的方法。
那上面这个方法中的ps.setInt(1, getRow());
ps.setString(2, user.getUsername());
ps.setString(3, user.getPassword());
ps.setString(4, user.getEmail());这一段该怎么改才对？？比如说我想朝商品表内写入数据，商品表可能会不止这样4个数据，get和set方法名也会不一样。。求助这样一个适合对所有表都能些入数据的通用方法该怎样写。
好象都不行。

Answer 1

public class DBRecordSet {
static private Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DBRecordSet.class.getName());
ResultSetMetaData md = null;
Connection conInner = null;
private int firstElementOfThisList = 0; //当前缓冲池中保存的记录在整个结果集中的位置
private int countOfElementsInthisList = 0; //缓冲池中记录的数目
private List resultList = null; //保存结果的缓冲池
private Vector columnMap = null;
private int cacheSize = -1; //保存结果的缓冲池大小
private int maxRecords = 10; //执行结果集的时候得到的最多的记录数

private String strSQLStmt = null; //打开结果集的时候执行的SQL语句
private boolean isClosed = true; //结果集是否已经open
private int columnCount = -1; //结果集字段数目
private int columnTypeInt[] = null;
private String columnTypeString[] = null;

private int curRow = 0; // 当前光标所在行，基数为 1
private int maxRow = -1; // 执行查询语句得到的记录数，基数为 1
private int curPage = -1; // 分页显示时当前所在页，基数为 1
private int pageSize = -1; // 分页显示时每页记录数，基数为 1
private int pageCount = -1; // 分页显示时总页数，基数为 1
private int updateCount = -1;
private boolean cursorDir = true;

DBConnectionManager connMgr = null;

private DBConnectionManager getConnectionManager() {
if (connMgr == null) {
connMgr = DBConnectionManager.getInstance();
}

return connMgr;
}

private int getCacheSize() {
if (this.cacheSize == -1) {
cacheSize = getConnectionManager().getCacheSize();
if (cacheSize <= 0)
cacheSize = 50;
}
return this.cacheSize;
}

public void setCacheSize(int size) {
this.cacheSize = size;
}

/**
* 构造函数
*/
public DBRecordSet() {
close();
}

public int execute(Connection con, String sql) {
if (con == null || sql == null || sql.length() <= 0) {
return -1;
}

Statement stmt = null;

try {

if (con.isClosed()) return -1;

stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
// 设置 ResultSet 对象可包含的最多行数
if (maxRecords > 1) stmt.setMaxRows(maxRecords);
//执行语句，判断语句类型
log.debug("开始执行SQL语句: " + sql);

int resultCount = stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

log.debug("执行SQL语句成功: " + sql + "; 返回结果数目为" + resultCount);

return resultCount;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("执行SQL语句失败:" + e.getMessage());
} finally {
try {
if (stmt != null)
stmt.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("关闭Statement失败:" + e.getMessage());
return -1;
}
}

return -1;
}

public boolean openSelect(Connection con, String sql) {
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
int n = 0, i = 0;

if (con == null) return false;

firstElementOfThisList = 0;
countOfElementsInthisList = 0;

try {
if (con.isClosed()) return false;
stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
// 设置 ResultSet 对象可包含的最多行数
if (maxRecords > 1) stmt.setMaxRows(maxRecords);
//执行语句，判断语句类型
log.debug("开始执行SQL语句: " + sql);
if (stmt.execute(sql)) {
log.debug("执行查询语句成功");
rs = stmt.getResultSet();
md = rs.getMetaData();
columnCount = md.getColumnCount();
updateCount = -1;

if (resultList != null) {
resultList.clear();
resultList = null;
}

resultList = new ArrayList();

if (columnMap != null) {
columnMap = null;
}
columnMap = new Vector(columnCount);

for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n) {
String columnName = md.getColumnName(n).trim();
columnName = columnName.toLowerCase();
if (columnName == null || columnName.length() <= 0) {
columnName = "vcolumn_" + String.valueOf(n);
}
if (columnMap.contains(columnName)) {
columnName += "_" + String.valueOf(n);
}
columnMap.add(columnName);
}
/*
for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n){
log.debug("查询语句结果集的列" + n + ":" + String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)));
}
*/
PropertyContainer property = null;
while (rs.next() && i < getCacheSize()) {
property = new PropertyContainerImpl();
for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n) {
try {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getObject(n));
} catch (Exception e) {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getString(n));
}
}
resultList.add(property);
i++;
}

if (property != null)
log.debug("Open查询的最后一条记录是：" + property.valueToString());

if (i > 0) { //如果有记录取出
firstElementOfThisList = 1;
countOfElementsInthisList = resultList.size();
maxRow = i;
if (i >= getCacheSize()) { //记录没有取完
//注意：为了兼容以前代码，这里需要将结果集滚动到最后，用来获得记录数目
while (rs.next()) maxRow++;
maxRow++;
}
curRow = 0;
} else {//如果没有记录
firstElementOfThisList = 0;
countOfElementsInthisList = 0;
curRow = -1;
maxRow = 0;
log.debug("没有记录返回：" + sql);
}

log.debug("open: 读取从第0条记录开始的" + getCacheSize() + "条记录, 返回记录" + countOfElementsInthisList + "条。总记录数为" + maxRow + "条");
} else {
// 执行更新语句后将查询结果集关闭并清除各项信息
int updatecount = stmt.getUpdateCount();
close();
updateCount = updatecount;
log.debug("成功执行更新语句");
} //保存执行的SQL语句
strSQLStmt = sql;

} catch (SQLException e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 执行SQL语句时出错：" + sql);
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 执行SQL语句时出错：" + sql);
return false;
} finally {
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
rs = null;
}
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
//getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 结果集不能正确关闭");
//getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
return false;
}
}
isClosed = false;
return true;
}

/**
* 执行SQL语句，可以为查询或更新语句。
* 执行更新语句后调用 getUpdateCount() 取得所更新的记录数
*
* @param sql 执行的SQL语句
*/
public boolean open(String sql) {
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
int n = 0, i = 0;

Connection con = getConnectionManager().getConnectionInner();
if (con == null) return false;

firstElementOfThisList = 0;
countOfElementsInthisList = 0;

try {
if (con.isClosed()) return false;
stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
// 设置 ResultSet 对象可包含的最多行数
if (maxRecords > 1) stmt.setMaxRows(maxRecords);
//执行语句，判断语句类型
log.debug("开始执行SQL语句: " + sql);
if (stmt.execute(sql)) {
log.debug("执行查询语句成功");
rs = stmt.getResultSet();
md = rs.getMetaData();
columnCount = md.getColumnCount();
updateCount = -1;

if (resultList != null) {
resultList.clear();
resultList = null;
}

resultList = new ArrayList();

if (columnMap != null) {
columnMap = null;
}
columnMap = new Vector(columnCount);

for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n) {
String columnName = md.getColumnName(n).trim();
columnName = columnName.toLowerCase();
if (columnName == null || columnName.length() <= 0) {
columnName = "vcolumn_" + String.valueOf(n);
}
if (columnMap.contains(columnName)) {
columnName += "_" + String.valueOf(n);
}
columnMap.add(columnName);
}
/*
for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n){
log.debug("查询语句结果集的列" + n + ":" + String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)));
}
*/
PropertyContainer property = null;
while (rs.next() && i < getCacheSize()) {
property = new PropertyContainerImpl();
for (n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n) {
try {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getObject(n));
} catch (Exception e) {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getString(n));
}
}
resultList.add(property);
i++;
}

if (property != null)
log.debug("Open查询的最后一条记录是：" + property.valueToString());

if (i > 0) { //如果有记录取出
firstElementOfThisList = 1;
countOfElementsInthisList = resultList.size();
maxRow = i;
if (i >= getCacheSize()) { //记录没有取完
//注意：为了兼容以前代码，这里需要将结果集滚动到最后，用来获得记录数目
while (rs.next()) maxRow++;
maxRow++;
}
curRow = 0;
} else {//如果没有记录
firstElementOfThisList = 0;
countOfElementsInthisList = 0;
curRow = -1;
maxRow = 0;
log.debug("没有记录返回：" + sql);
}

log.debug("open: 读取从第0条记录开始的" + getCacheSize() + "条记录, 返回记录" + countOfElementsInthisList + "条。总记录数为" + maxRow + "条");
} else {
// 执行更新语句后将查询结果集关闭并清除各项信息
int updatecount = stmt.getUpdateCount();
close();
updateCount = updatecount;
log.debug("成功执行更新语句");
} //保存执行的SQL语句
strSQLStmt = sql;

} catch (SQLException e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 执行SQL语句时出错：" + sql);
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 执行SQL语句时出错：" + sql);
return false;
} finally {
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
rs = null;
}
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 结果集不能正确关闭");
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
return false;
}
}
isClosed = false;
return true;
}

/**
* 根据语句，得到从startIndex开始的count条记录
*/
private void getResultAt(int start, int count) throws Exception {

if (isClosed) {
throw new Exception("还没有打开结果集");
}

Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;

Connection con = getConnectionManager().getConnectionInner();
int readStart = start;
int readCount = count;
if (con == null) {
log.error("无法获得有效连接");
throw new Exception("getResultAt: 无法获得有效连接");
}
try {
stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
rs = stmt.executeQuery(strSQLStmt);

if (resultList != null) {
resultList.clear();
resultList = null;
}

resultList = new ArrayList();

// skip initial rows as specified by the start parameter.
while (start-- > 1 && rs.next()) ;

//分别对每一个字段，取出数值，放到BaseBusinessObject的PropertyContainer中
while (count-- > 0 && rs.next()) {
PropertyContainer property = new PropertyContainerImpl();
for (int n = 1; n <= columnCount; ++n) {
try {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getObject(n));
} catch (Exception e) {
property.addPropertyBy(String.valueOf(columnMap.get(n - 1)), rs.getString(n));
}
}
resultList.add(property);
}

log.debug("getResultAt: 读取从第" + readStart + "条记录开始的" + readCount + "条记录, 返回记录" + resultList.size() + "条");
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new Exception(e.toString());
} finally {
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
rs = null;
}
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.toString() + " : 结果集不能正确关闭");
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
}
}
}

/**
* 执行SQL语句，可以为查询或更新语句。
* 执行更新语句后调用 getUpdateCount() 取得所更新的记录数
*
* @param sql 执行的SQL语句
*/
public boolean openGBK(String sql) {
return open(Convert.toGBK(sql));
}

/**
* 返回执行查询语句后表的列数
*/
public int getColumnCount() {
return columnCount;
}

/**
* 返回每列的类型，基数为 1
*
* @param schema 表模式名
* @param table 表名
*/
public int[] getColumnType(String schema, String table) {
Connection con = null;
ResultSet results = null;
List list = new ArrayList();

if (columnTypeInt == null) {

log.debug("getColumnType: getConnection");
con = getConnectionManager().getConnectionInner();
if (con == null) return null;
try {
DatabaseMetaData dmd;
dmd = con.getMetaData();
results = dmd.getColumns(null, null, table.toUpperCase(), null);
//
while (results.next()){
list.add(new Integer(results.getInt("DATA_TYPE")));
}
columnTypeInt = new int[list.size()];
for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++){
Integer type = (Integer)list.get(i);
columnTypeInt[i] = type.intValue();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
} finally {
try {
results.close();
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
} catch (Exception e) {
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
log.error(e.toString() + " : 结果集不能正确关闭");
return null;
}
}
}
return columnTypeInt;
}

/**
* 返回每列的名称，基数为 1
*
* @param schema 表模式名
* @param table 表名
*/
public String[] getColumnName(String schema, String table) {
Connection con = null;
ResultSet results = null;
if (columnTypeString == null) {
log.debug("getColumnName: getConnection");
con = getConnectionManager().getConnectionInner();
if (con == null) return null;
try {
DatabaseMetaData dmd;
dmd = con.getMetaData();
results = dmd.getColumns(null, null, table.toUpperCase(), null);
//
int i = 1;
while (results.next()) i++;
columnTypeString = new String[i];
i = 1;
results.beforeFirst();
while (results.next()) columnTypeString[i++] = results.getString("COLUMN_NAME").trim();
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
} finally {
try {
results.close();
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
} catch (Exception e) {
getConnectionManager().freeConnectionInner(con);
log.error(e.toString() + " : 结果集不能正确关闭");
return null;
}
}
}
return columnTypeString;
}

/**
* 返回执行更新语句后实际更新的记录数
*/
public int getUpdateCount() {
return updateCount;
}

/**
* 设置查询语句执行完后取得的最大记录数
*
* @param maxrec 最大记录数
*/
public void setMaxRecords(int maxrec) {
maxRecords = maxrec;
}

/**
* 返回查询语句执行完后取得的最大记录数
*/
public int getMaxRecords() {
return maxRecords;
}

/**
* 关闭查询结果集并清除各项信息
*/
public void close() {
md = null;
firstElementOfThisList = 0; //当前缓冲池中保存的记录在整个结果集中的位置
countOfElementsInthisList = 0; //缓冲池中记录的数目

if (resultList != null) {
int size = resultList.size();

Answer 2

User类用一个ArrayList来保存数据.
import java.util.*;
class User
{
public ArrayList list=new ArrayList();
public User()
{

}
public void addData(Object o)
{
list.add(o);
}
}

然后操作数据库
ArrayList list=user.list;
String sql = "insert into users values(";
for(int i=0;i<list.size()-1;i++)
{
sql+="?,"
}
sql+="?)";//根据数据数目来改变语句

Connection con = OpreDataBase.getConnection();
try {
PreparedStatement ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);

for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++)
{
Object o=list.get(i);//根据类型设置
if(o instanceof String)
{
ps.setString(i+1,(String)o);
{
else if(o instanceof Integer)
{
ps.setInt(i+1,(Integer)o.intValue());
}
}
ps.execute();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

Answer 3

向结果集中做操作，可以采用批处理，但你别忘了，你必须提前对表有相关了解例如有些列的约束是非空，但你插入操作时，没有插入该列，会导致程序出错！

Answer 4

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Answer 5

我也正在思考这个问题~