常见介词的用法归纳
1.介词的种类
(1)简单介词,如at, in off, on, by, to, with等。
(2)合成介词,如into, inside, within, throughout等。
(3)短语介词,如according to, because of, in addition to, in front of, in spite of等。
(4)二重介词,如from behind, from among, until after, at about等。
2. 介词的宾语
(1)名词:Let’s go for a walk along the river. 咱们到江边散散步。
(2)代词:He’s standing in front of me. 我站在我前面。
(3)形容词:Her pronunciation is far from perfect. 她的语音远不是完美的。
注:有的形容词前可看作是省略了being。
(4)动名词:He’s good at drawing.他善长绘画。
(5)过去分词:I took it for granted that she was for England.我还以为她是英国的。
注:过去分词作介词宾语只限于take…for granted 结构和用于regard…as后。
(6)不定式:I had no choice but to lie down. 除了躺下外我别无选择。
She did nothing but cry.她只是哭。
注:介词后通常是不能用不定式作宾语的,只有表示“除……外”的 but, except 等个别介词能接不定式作宾语。前面有行为动词do时,不定式不用 to,否则要带to。
(7)疑问词+不定式:I don’t know how to improve my English.我不知道如何提高我的英语水平。
(8)副词:I didn’t know it until recently. 直到最近我才知道此事。
(9)数词:He was among the first to arrive. 他是第一批到的。
(10)介词短语:She won’t go home until after the exam. 她要考完试之后再回家。
(11)从句:Think of what I said. 想想我说的话。
I’m worried about where he is. 我担心他上哪儿去了。
He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病。