Question

英语选择题（定语从句）

1.I was afraid____to my customers because I was afraid___them.
A.of talking back;to lose
B.of talking back;of losing
C.of talk back; to lose
D.to talk back;of losing

2.The board are discussing the possible____ they can take of the present economic situation.
A.notice B advantage C.use D. best

3.The audience were angry to be kept____too long a time for the football match to start.
A.to wait B,waiting C/waited. D.having been waiting

选什么，为什么，哪个是先行词，哪个是引导词

Answer 1

1. D
翻译：我不敢和我的顾客们顶嘴，因为我害怕会失去他们(客户源)。
固定短语：be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事；be afraid of doing sth 害怕某事会发生；talk back to sb 和某人顶嘴

2. B
先行词：the possible advantage；关系代词（引导词）被省略。
关系代词which/that代替先行词the possible advantage，在定语从句they can take of the present economic situation中充当take的宾语，所以关系代词可以省略，并且形成固定短语：take advantage of...“利用...”

3. B
该句所含不定式短语to be kept waiting为被动结构，如果变成主动语态则为keep the audience waiting.
此为固定搭配：keep sb doing sth“使得某人一直做某事”，其变为被动语态时，keeping不能改变。

Answer 2

1.D
两者都表示害怕
be afraid of (强调常态)
be afraid to (强调偶尔发生的情况)
talk back 顶嘴/反驳...
2.B
take advantage of 利用 固定搭配，可以直接选出B选项
至于从句中为什么没有引导词，因为关系词所替代的先行词”advantage"在从句中作take的宾语，故引导词可省略.定语从句还原成陈述句如下：
They can take advantage of the present economic situation.

3.B
此句只是一个含被动语态的简单句,非定语从句.
The audience were angry <to be kept waiting too long a time> <for the football match to start>.
其中不定式短语做的是原因状语，后面的介词短语做目的状语
Keep sb. doing sth “使某人继续做某事”之意

Answer 3

1. A. be afraid to do /of doing sth.
前一句有to,所以用of doing sth,后面用to do sth。

2.B
take advantage of 利用。。 后面是定语从句，advantage 作先行词。后面的定语从句省略引导词that。

3.B。
kept doing sth.

Answer 4

1.Bof 是介词,后根动词的ing形式be afraid of 害怕2.B they can take（定语从句）advantage先行词，省略了引导词 that ,3.B keep doing sth.保持做某事

Answer 5

1.A,短语 be afraid of dong ... 和be afraid to do.
2.B 短语 take advantage of 有利于
3 B keep doing一直保持这个状态