求化工专业的英语翻译高手,帮帮忙
Removaloflead(II)fromaqueoussolutionbyadsorptionontomanganeseoxide-coatedcarbonnanotu...
Removal of lead(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto manganese oxide-coated carbon nanotubes
1.Introduction
Lead is attracting wide attention of environmentalists as one of the most toxic heavy metals. The sources of lead release into the environment by waste streams are battery manufacturing, acid metal plating and finishing, ammunition, tetraethyl lead manufacturing, ceramic and glass industries printing, painting, dying, and other industries [1,2]. Lead has been well recognized for its negative effect on the environment where it accumulates readily in living systems. Lead poisoning in human causes severe damage to the kidney, nervous system, reproductive system, liver and brain. Severe exposure to lead has been associated with sterility, abortion, stillbirths and neo-natal deaths [3].
Out of the wastewater treatment methods involving lead,precipitation, coagulation–sedimentation, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, cementation, and adsorption onto activated carbon,adsorption is considered quite attractive in terms of its efficiency of removal from dilute solutions, economics, and handling [4,5]. Various adsorbents such as activated carbon, iron oxides, filamentous fungal biomass and natural condensed tannin havebeen explored [6]. EPA drinking water standards for lead are 0.05 mg/l, but a level of 0.02 mg/l has been proposed and is under review [4]. Increasingly stringent standard on the quality of drinking water has stimulated a growing effort on the exploiture of new high efficient adsorbents. So the necessity to exploit new high efficient adsorbents is great.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a novel kind of carbon, were first reported by Iijima in 1991 [7]. CNTs can be thought of as cylindrical hollow micro-crystals of graphite. Because of relatively large specific area, CNTs have attracted researchers’ interest as a new type of adsorbent and offer an attractive option for the removal of metals, fluoride, organic pollutants, and radionuclide 243Am(III) [8–11]. CNTs can also be used as supports for adsorption materials. Aluminum and iron oxide-coated CNTs for metal removal have been proved successful for the enhancement of treatment capacity [12,13]. Compared to Fe or Al oxides, Mn oxides have a higher affinity for many heavy metals and it was coated on activated carbon, zeolite, and sand for metal ions removal [14–18].
Based on these observations, a composite adsorbent, Mn oxide-coated CNTs (MnO2/CNTs), was proposed to adsorb Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The effect of dose of MnO2, pH and the kinetic adsorption process and adsorption thermodynamics of Pb(II) on MnO2/CNTs were studied.
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1.Introduction
Lead is attracting wide attention of environmentalists as one of the most toxic heavy metals. The sources of lead release into the environment by waste streams are battery manufacturing, acid metal plating and finishing, ammunition, tetraethyl lead manufacturing, ceramic and glass industries printing, painting, dying, and other industries [1,2]. Lead has been well recognized for its negative effect on the environment where it accumulates readily in living systems. Lead poisoning in human causes severe damage to the kidney, nervous system, reproductive system, liver and brain. Severe exposure to lead has been associated with sterility, abortion, stillbirths and neo-natal deaths [3].
Out of the wastewater treatment methods involving lead,precipitation, coagulation–sedimentation, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, cementation, and adsorption onto activated carbon,adsorption is considered quite attractive in terms of its efficiency of removal from dilute solutions, economics, and handling [4,5]. Various adsorbents such as activated carbon, iron oxides, filamentous fungal biomass and natural condensed tannin havebeen explored [6]. EPA drinking water standards for lead are 0.05 mg/l, but a level of 0.02 mg/l has been proposed and is under review [4]. Increasingly stringent standard on the quality of drinking water has stimulated a growing effort on the exploiture of new high efficient adsorbents. So the necessity to exploit new high efficient adsorbents is great.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a novel kind of carbon, were first reported by Iijima in 1991 [7]. CNTs can be thought of as cylindrical hollow micro-crystals of graphite. Because of relatively large specific area, CNTs have attracted researchers’ interest as a new type of adsorbent and offer an attractive option for the removal of metals, fluoride, organic pollutants, and radionuclide 243Am(III) [8–11]. CNTs can also be used as supports for adsorption materials. Aluminum and iron oxide-coated CNTs for metal removal have been proved successful for the enhancement of treatment capacity [12,13]. Compared to Fe or Al oxides, Mn oxides have a higher affinity for many heavy metals and it was coated on activated carbon, zeolite, and sand for metal ions removal [14–18].
Based on these observations, a composite adsorbent, Mn oxide-coated CNTs (MnO2/CNTs), was proposed to adsorb Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The effect of dose of MnO2, pH and the kinetic adsorption process and adsorption thermodynamics of Pb(II) on MnO2/CNTs were studied.
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去除铅(二)从水溶液到氧化锰涂层碳纳米管吸附
去除铅(二)由水溶液中的铅吸附到锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管绪论是吸引最有毒的重金属广泛关注的环保为一体。铅进入环境释放的废物流的来源是电池制造,金属电镀及酸整理,弹药,四乙基铅制造,陶瓷和玻璃工业的印刷,油漆,印染等行业[1,2]。铅已充分认识到其对环境,在这里很容易积聚在生物系统产生负面影响。在人类导致铅中毒严重损害肾脏,神经系统,生殖系统,肝脏和大脑。严重暴露于铅已与不孕有关,流产,死产和新生儿死亡[3]。走出废水处理方法铅,沉淀,混凝沉淀,反渗透,离子交换,胶结和碳吸附到活性炭,吸附,是相当的吸引力在其去除效率从稀溶液,经济和处理[4,5]。如活性炭,氧化铁,丝状真菌生物量与天然浓缩单宁吸附剂各种疑问和探索[6]。环保署饮用水水质标准,铅0.05毫克/升,但为0.02毫克/升的水平,并已提出检讨是[4]。日益严格的饮用水质量标准的水刺激对新型高效吸附剂的开发利用日益努力。因此,有必要开发新型高效吸附剂是伟大的。碳纳米管(CNTs),一种新型的碳,首次报道饭岛在1991年[7]。碳纳米管可被认为是圆柱空心微石墨晶体。由于较大的表面积,碳纳米管,吸引研究人员作为一种新型吸附剂的兴趣,并提供一个用于金属,氟,有机污染物去除有吸引力的选项,(三)[8-11]放射性核素243Am。碳纳米管也可以作为吸附材料的支持。铝和铁的氧化物涂层的金属去除碳纳米管已被证明为成功的处理能力增强[12,13]。相较于铁或铝的氧化物,锰氧化物具有较高的亲和力重金属,它是对许多沸石包覆活性炭,去除沙子和金属离子[14-18]。根据这些意见,复合吸附剂,锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管(MnO2/CNTs),提出了从水溶液中吸附铅(II)。对MnO2的剂量效应,pH值和动力学过程和吸附铅(II)的吸附热力学上MnO2/CNTs进行了研究
去除铅(二)由水溶液中的铅吸附到锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管绪论是吸引最有毒的重金属广泛关注的环保为一体。铅进入环境释放的废物流的来源是电池制造,金属电镀及酸整理,弹药,四乙基铅制造,陶瓷和玻璃工业的印刷,油漆,印染等行业[1,2]。铅已充分认识到其对环境,在这里很容易积聚在生物系统产生负面影响。在人类导致铅中毒严重损害肾脏,神经系统,生殖系统,肝脏和大脑。严重暴露于铅已与不孕有关,流产,死产和新生儿死亡[3]。走出废水处理方法铅,沉淀,混凝沉淀,反渗透,离子交换,胶结和碳吸附到活性炭,吸附,是相当的吸引力在其去除效率从稀溶液,经济和处理[4,5]。如活性炭,氧化铁,丝状真菌生物量与天然浓缩单宁吸附剂各种疑问和探索[6]。环保署饮用水水质标准,铅0.05毫克/升,但为0.02毫克/升的水平,并已提出检讨是[4]。日益严格的饮用水质量标准的水刺激对新型高效吸附剂的开发利用日益努力。因此,有必要开发新型高效吸附剂是伟大的。碳纳米管(CNTs),一种新型的碳,首次报道饭岛在1991年[7]。碳纳米管可被认为是圆柱空心微石墨晶体。由于较大的表面积,碳纳米管,吸引研究人员作为一种新型吸附剂的兴趣,并提供一个用于金属,氟,有机污染物去除有吸引力的选项,(三)[8-11]放射性核素243Am。碳纳米管也可以作为吸附材料的支持。铝和铁的氧化物涂层的金属去除碳纳米管已被证明为成功的处理能力增强[12,13]。相较于铁或铝的氧化物,锰氧化物具有较高的亲和力重金属,它是对许多沸石包覆活性炭,去除沙子和金属离子[14-18]。根据这些意见,复合吸附剂,锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管(MnO2/CNTs),提出了从水溶液中吸附铅(II)。对MnO2的剂量效应,pH值和动力学过程和吸附铅(II)的吸附热力学上MnO2/CNTs进行了研究
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1.绪论
铅是作为最吸引有毒重金属之一,环保的广泛关注。铅进入环境释放的废物流的来源是电池制造,金属电镀及酸整理,弹药,四乙基铅制造,陶瓷和玻璃工业的印刷,油漆,印染等行业[1,2]。铅已充分认识到其对环境,在这里很容易积聚在生物系统产生负面影响。在人类导致铅中毒严重损害肾脏,神经系统,生殖系统,肝脏和大脑。严重暴露于铅已与不育,流产,死产和新生儿死亡有关[3]。
出废水处理方法铅,沉淀,混凝沉淀,反渗透,离子交换,胶结和吸附到活性炭,吸附,是相当的吸引力,其去除效率从稀溶液,经济学,和处理[ 4,5]。如活性炭,氧化铁,丝状真菌生物量与天然浓缩单宁吸附剂各种疑问和探索[6]。环保署饮用水水质标准,铅0.05毫克/升,但为0.02毫克/升的水平,并已提出检讨是[4]。日益严格的饮用水质量标准的水刺激对新型高效吸附剂的开发利用日益努力。因此,有必要开发新型高效吸附剂是重大的。
碳纳米管(CNTs),一种新型的碳,首先报告了饭岛在1991年[7]。碳纳米管可以被认为是圆柱形的空心微石墨晶体。由于较大的表面积,碳纳米管,吸引研究人员作为一种新型吸附剂的兴趣,并提供一个用于金属,氟,有机污染物去除有吸引力的选项,(三)[8-11]放射性核素243Am。碳纳米管也可以作为吸附材料的支持。铝和铁的氧化物涂层的金属去除碳纳米管已被证明为成功的处理能力增强[12,13]。相较于铁或铝的氧化物,锰氧化物有许多重金属高亲和力,它是在活性炭,沸石涂层,金属离子和清除沙子[14-18]。
根据这些意见,复合吸附剂,锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管(MnO2/CNTs),提出了从水溶液中吸附铅(II)。对MnO2的剂量效应,pH值和动力学过程和吸附铅(II)的吸附热力学上MnO2/CNTs进行了研究。
铅是作为最吸引有毒重金属之一,环保的广泛关注。铅进入环境释放的废物流的来源是电池制造,金属电镀及酸整理,弹药,四乙基铅制造,陶瓷和玻璃工业的印刷,油漆,印染等行业[1,2]。铅已充分认识到其对环境,在这里很容易积聚在生物系统产生负面影响。在人类导致铅中毒严重损害肾脏,神经系统,生殖系统,肝脏和大脑。严重暴露于铅已与不育,流产,死产和新生儿死亡有关[3]。
出废水处理方法铅,沉淀,混凝沉淀,反渗透,离子交换,胶结和吸附到活性炭,吸附,是相当的吸引力,其去除效率从稀溶液,经济学,和处理[ 4,5]。如活性炭,氧化铁,丝状真菌生物量与天然浓缩单宁吸附剂各种疑问和探索[6]。环保署饮用水水质标准,铅0.05毫克/升,但为0.02毫克/升的水平,并已提出检讨是[4]。日益严格的饮用水质量标准的水刺激对新型高效吸附剂的开发利用日益努力。因此,有必要开发新型高效吸附剂是重大的。
碳纳米管(CNTs),一种新型的碳,首先报告了饭岛在1991年[7]。碳纳米管可以被认为是圆柱形的空心微石墨晶体。由于较大的表面积,碳纳米管,吸引研究人员作为一种新型吸附剂的兴趣,并提供一个用于金属,氟,有机污染物去除有吸引力的选项,(三)[8-11]放射性核素243Am。碳纳米管也可以作为吸附材料的支持。铝和铁的氧化物涂层的金属去除碳纳米管已被证明为成功的处理能力增强[12,13]。相较于铁或铝的氧化物,锰氧化物有许多重金属高亲和力,它是在活性炭,沸石涂层,金属离子和清除沙子[14-18]。
根据这些意见,复合吸附剂,锰氧化物涂层碳纳米管(MnO2/CNTs),提出了从水溶液中吸附铅(II)。对MnO2的剂量效应,pH值和动力学过程和吸附铅(II)的吸附热力学上MnO2/CNTs进行了研究。
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去除铅(二)从水溶液到氧化锰涂层碳纳米管吸附
绪论
铅是为吸引最毒一环保人士的广泛关注,他
绪论
铅是为吸引最毒一环保人士的广泛关注,他
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2010-05-01
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(二)的领导从溶液吸附到锰oxide-coated奈米碳管
1.Introduction
铅是引起广泛的关注环保人士作为一种最有毒重金属。铅的来源的环境是垃圾的制造、酸的金属镀充电和整理,以领先的弹药、制造、陶瓷、玻璃、油漆工业、染色、印花和其他工业[1,2]。领导已被公认为其负面影响环境中积累了容易生存系统。铅中毒在产生严重损害人的肾脏、神经系统、生殖系统、肝、脑。严重的曝光导致一直伴随、流产、死胎的死亡和neo-natal[3]。
从废水处理方法包括铅、降水、coagulation-sedimentation、反渗透、离子交换、粘接、活性炭吸附到被认为是很吸引人,吸附的效率的解决方案,从经济学、稀释处理[4、5]。各种差异,如活性炭、氧化铁、丝状真菌的生物量和自然缩合单宁尚未探究[6]。EPA饮用水标准是0.05毫克/升领先,但一定程度的0.02毫克/升)已经提议和在回顾[4]。日益苛刻的质量标准在饮用水引起了一场日益增长的努力,在开发新的高效的差异。因此需要开拓新的高效的差异是巨大的。
碳纳米管,是一种新型的碳,在1991年被Iijima[7]。碳纳米管能被认为是圆柱形空心micro-crystals石墨。由于相对比表面积、碳纳米管吸引了研究者的利益作为一种新型的吸附剂和提供一个有吸引力的选择用于去除金属、氟、有机污染物和放射性核素243Am(3)[8-11]。碳纳米管也能用于支持吸附材料。铝、铁oxide-coated碳纳米管的切削性能得到了提高处理能力[12,13 >)。铁或铝氧化物相比,锰氧化物有更高的亲和力,许多重金属和它被涂上活性炭、沸石、金属离子(砂14-18]。
基于这些观察、复合吸附剂、锰oxide-coated碳纳米管(初步汇总/碳纳米管),提出了一种基于吸附铅(2)从溶液。这个效应的剂量的初步汇总,pH值和动能吸附过程和吸附热力学的铅(2)在初步汇总/碳纳米管进行了研究。
1.Introduction
铅是引起广泛的关注环保人士作为一种最有毒重金属。铅的来源的环境是垃圾的制造、酸的金属镀充电和整理,以领先的弹药、制造、陶瓷、玻璃、油漆工业、染色、印花和其他工业[1,2]。领导已被公认为其负面影响环境中积累了容易生存系统。铅中毒在产生严重损害人的肾脏、神经系统、生殖系统、肝、脑。严重的曝光导致一直伴随、流产、死胎的死亡和neo-natal[3]。
从废水处理方法包括铅、降水、coagulation-sedimentation、反渗透、离子交换、粘接、活性炭吸附到被认为是很吸引人,吸附的效率的解决方案,从经济学、稀释处理[4、5]。各种差异,如活性炭、氧化铁、丝状真菌的生物量和自然缩合单宁尚未探究[6]。EPA饮用水标准是0.05毫克/升领先,但一定程度的0.02毫克/升)已经提议和在回顾[4]。日益苛刻的质量标准在饮用水引起了一场日益增长的努力,在开发新的高效的差异。因此需要开拓新的高效的差异是巨大的。
碳纳米管,是一种新型的碳,在1991年被Iijima[7]。碳纳米管能被认为是圆柱形空心micro-crystals石墨。由于相对比表面积、碳纳米管吸引了研究者的利益作为一种新型的吸附剂和提供一个有吸引力的选择用于去除金属、氟、有机污染物和放射性核素243Am(3)[8-11]。碳纳米管也能用于支持吸附材料。铝、铁oxide-coated碳纳米管的切削性能得到了提高处理能力[12,13 >)。铁或铝氧化物相比,锰氧化物有更高的亲和力,许多重金属和它被涂上活性炭、沸石、金属离子(砂14-18]。
基于这些观察、复合吸附剂、锰oxide-coated碳纳米管(初步汇总/碳纳米管),提出了一种基于吸附铅(2)从溶液。这个效应的剂量的初步汇总,pH值和动能吸附过程和吸附热力学的铅(2)在初步汇总/碳纳米管进行了研究。
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