新概念英语第一册Lesson43~45课文注释
新概念英语第一册Lesson43课文注释
1.In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. 美国探险家 R·E·伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第1次飞越了南极。
(1)这句话包含两个同位语。three years after…为 1929的同位语，作插入性的补充说明;R.E.Byrd 作 the American explorer 的同位语。
(2)for the first time 表示“第一次”，time在这里表示“次”、“回”，还可以说 this time, last time, next time, another time, each time, for the last time等：
I remind you for the last time that if you don't hurry, you'll miss the train.
我最后一次提醒你，如果不快点，你会误了火车的。
Give him these photos next time you see him.
下次你见到他时把这些相片给他。
2.Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. 虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。
(1)连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为“虽然……”、“尽管……”。这个从句中的时间状语at first被单独用逗号隔开了，它如果按正常的词序应放在从句的末尾，但有可能会引起误解。
(2)at first与主句中的 soon形成时间上的照应，表示先后次序。
(3)take a photograph of 表示“拍……的照片”：
He took a photograph of his house before he left home.
他离家前给他家的房子拍了一张照片。
(4)that lay below为 the mountains的定语从句，that为从句的主语。
(5)run into trouble的含义与 get into trouble相似，表示“陷入困境”：
Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help.
每当他陷入困境时，他都向他父母求助。
3.At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. 在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。
(1)at one point在此处可以解释为“在有个地方”，但它通常的含义为“在某一时刻”，point指时间上的某一点：
At one point, he made up his mind to become a painter.
他曾一度下决心要当个画家。
(2)it为“先行主语”，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与seem，appear，look等连用：
It now looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.
现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。
4.rise to，飞机“上升至……”。
5.… it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. ……它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。
clear在这里表示“(不接触地)越过”：
He cleared 2. 10 metres.
他跳过了2.10米。
by表示“以……之差”：
I missed the train by ten minutes.
我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。
He is younger than me by two years.
他比我小两岁。
6.…for there were no more mountains in sight. ……因为前面再没有山了。
for表示“因为”。 in sight表示“在看得见的范围内”、“在可看见之处”：
No man was in sight.
一个人也看不见。
7.white plains, 白色原野。
因为南极到处覆盖着雪，因此是白色的。
新概念英语第一册Lesson44课文注释
1.Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. 安·斯特林夫人在穿过森林追赶两个男人时，她并没有考虑到所冒的风险。
(1)think of在这里表示“考虑”、“思考”。
Have you ever thought of settling down in this town?
你有没有考虑过在这个镇上定居?
(2)表示“冒……危险”可以用 take the risk(of doing…)。
(3)run after 表示“追赶”：
On my way home, I saw a dog running after a cat.
我在回家的路上看到一只狗在追一只猫。
2.They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children…刚才，当她和孩子们正在森林边上野餐的时侯，这两个人冲到她跟前……
(1)up to可以表示地点、时间等“一直到……”：
The child ran up to his mother when he saw her.
那孩子看到他的母亲后便跑到她跟前。
He worked up to nine o'clock in the evening.
他一直工作到晚上9点。
(2)at the edge of表示“在……的边上”：
The park lies at the edge of the town.
公园位于镇边上。
3.in one's possession, 为某人所有。
也可以说 in the possession of sb.。这两种意思相同，但是人称代词一般用前一种表达方式：
The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in the possession of an old lady.
这座房子曾经归我所有，但现在它归一位老太太所有。
4.Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. 斯特林太太非常气愤，向着他们追了过去。
so…that引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
下文中，The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away用了类似的引导结果状语从句的连词 such a…that。
5.out of breath，喘不上气，上气不接下气。
Tom ran to the shop to get some salt for his mother. When he reached there, he was quite out of breath.
汤姆为了给母亲买盐跑步去了商店。当他到那里时，他已很是上气不接下气。
6.go through，翻看。
这是个固定短语，含义之一是“(仔细地)搜查”、“在……中搜寻”：
She went through her bag, but she couldn't find her key.
她翻遍了包，但就是找不到她的钥匙。
新概念英语第一册Lesson45课文注释
1.A clear conscience, (标题)问心无愧。
clear在这里的含义为“清白的”、“无罪的”，因此这个短语又可译为“清白的良心”，相当于 a good conscience，反义词为 a bad conscience(感到内疚)。
2.The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. 整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。
(1)village在这里为总称，指“村民”，the whole village指“全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词(有时也可视为复数)：
The whole village was excited by the news.
这消息使全村的人兴奋。
(2)learn在句中的含义为“获悉”、“得知”：
I've just learnt that she was ill.
我刚刚得知她病了。
3.Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. 当地的屠户萨姆·本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。
taking为现在分词。与动名词相似，它也可以有自己的宾语、状语等。在连词while之后，现在分词短语的作用相当于一个时间状语从 句：…while he was taking his savings to the post office。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的：
He listened to music while cleaning the room.
他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。
如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：
He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.
我打扫房间时，他在听音乐。
4.Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers…萨姆确信那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了……
must用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式：
When I arrived, he wasn't here. He must have left early.
我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。
5.it contained half the money he had lost, 里面有他丢失的钱的一半。
我们既可以说 half the money，也可以说 half of the money，它们可以互相替代，但是money前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。再如：
Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.
这面包有一半已变质了。
6.In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way. 很快，萨姆全部的钱都用同样的方式还了回来。
(1)in time可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”：
In time, he found all the books he needed.
一段时间以后，他找到了他需要的所有书。
I'll tell you everything in time.
我最终/总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。
(2)in this way表示“用这样的方式”：
You must pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secretary in time.
你必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。
