新概念英语第一册Lesson73~78语法及单词精讲
新概念英语第一册Lesson73~74语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
1.副词
副词(adverb)这个词的本意是补充动词的意义。这就是许多副词的作用。它们可以通过修饰动词告诉我们有关句中某个动作的情况，也就是告诉我们某事是如何、何时、何地等发生或进行的。
副词可以是单个的词(如 slowly)或词组(如 very well)。单一副词既有以-ly结尾的也有不以-ly结尾的(如 quickly, fast)。
形容词向副词的转换一般遵循3个规则：
(1)在形容词后面直接加-ly，如：
quick----quickly
hurried----hurriedly
pleasant----pleasantly
warm----warmly
(2)以-y结尾的形容词，则把-y改成-i，再加-ly，如：
thirsty----thirstily
happy----happily
(3)形容词与副词形式相同：
late----late
fast----fast
hard----hard
well----well
2.部分不规则动词的过去式形式
go----went
see----saw
understand----understood
take----took
read----read
drink----drank
run----ran
know----knew
say----said
put----put
cut----cut
eat----ate
meet----met
come----came
lose----lost
tell----told
speak----spoke
find----found
give----gave
swim----swam
have----had
词汇学习 Word study
1.lose v.
(1)迷失;(使)迷路：
She did not know London very well, and she lost her way.
她对伦敦不很熟悉，因此迷了路。
It's very easy to lose your way in a strange city.
在一个陌生的城市里，你很容易迷路。
(2)失去;丧失：
He lost his sight in a car accident.
他在一起汽车交通事故中失明了。
She has just lost her job because of carelessness.
她刚刚因疏忽大意而丢了工作。
(3)遗失;丢失：
I can't enter my house because I've lost my key on my way home.
我进不了自己的房子，因为在回家的路上我把钥匙丢了。
We lost her in the crowd.
我们在人群中找不见她了。
2.understand v.
(1)理解;懂：
He doesn't understand English and you can try French.
他不懂英语，你可以试试法语。
I don't understand what you mean.
我不明白你的意思。
(2)明了;了解;得知：
How the machine works is still not fully understood.
这台机器到底是如何运转的仍未被完全弄清楚。
Only today have I begun to understand the political
situation in Northern Ireland.
直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。
新概念英语第一册Lesson75~76语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
一般过去时与时间短语
一般过去时通常与表示确切的过去时间的短语连用。这些短语一般是 last+ 表示时间的名词、一段时间+ago等。
(1) last week/month/year/night(上星期/上个月/去年/昨夜)：
Did you watch the television last night?
你昨晚看电视了吗?
(2) two minutes/hours/days/weeks/months/years ago(两分钟/小时/天/周/月/年前)：
She bought the shoes two months ago.
她两个月之前买的鞋。
(3)in+ 过去某一年：
We first met him in 1980.
我们 1980年初次见到他。
(4)yesterday(昨天), yesterday evening(昨天晚上), the week before last(前一个星期), the month before last(前一个月), the year before last(前年), the day before yesterday(前天), the night before last(前天夜里):
She dusted the cupboard the day before yesterday.
她前天清扫了橱柜。
词汇学习 Word study
1.wear v.
(1)穿着;戴着;佩带着：
But women always wear uncomfortable shoes!
可是女人们总是穿不舒适的鞋子!
Look at the beautiful silk scarf she's wearing!
瞧她围着的那条漂亮的丝绸围巾!
She never wears perfume.
她从不用香水。
(2)面带;呈现;保持：
He's wearing a cheerful smile.
他面带着快活的微笑。
He wears his dignity even in great adversity.
他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。
2.uncomfortable adj.
(1)不舒服的：
She feels uncomfortable in tight boots.
她穿着紧的长统靴感到不舒服。
(2)不安的;不自在的：
You'll have an uncomfortable feeling if you sit there alone.
如果你独自一人坐在那儿，你会有种不安的感觉。
He often feels uncomfortable with strangers.
与陌生人在一起他通常感到不自在。
(3)令人不舒服的，不舒适的：
This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable.
这双鞋看上去很不舒适。
It's really an uncomfortable day!
这真是令人难受的一天!
新概念英语第一册Lesson77~78语法及单词精讲
语法 Grammar in use
否定疑问句
否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹;也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。请看下列疑问句的简略否定式：
(be:) Aren't you a student?
难道你不是学生吗?
Isn't it hot here?
这里难道不热吗?
(can:) Can't you wait a moment?
你不能等一会儿吗?
(have:) Haven't I asked you?
难道我没问过你吗?
(do:) Don't you want to stay with us?
你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗?
(did:) Didn't you see him yesterday?
难道你昨天没看见他吗?
回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的，就用 Yes;如果答语是否定的，就用No。不过，这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。如：
Don’t you know English?
你不懂英语吧?
Yes，I do.
不，我懂。
一般否定疑问句有完全式和简略式之分，它们的词序是不同的。
完全式：
Is she not a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗?
简略式：
Isn't she a nurse?
她不是一位护士吗?
词汇学习 Word study
1. urgent adj.
(1)紧迫的;急迫的：
There's an urgent message for you.
这里有你的一个要紧的口信儿。
The children in that area are in urgent need of medical attention.
那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。
(2)催促的;坚持要求的：
The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent.
哭喊声越来越响，更加急迫。
2.appointment n.
约会;约定：
I have made an appointment with Doctor Smith on next Tuesday.
我与史密斯大夫约好了在下星期二见面。
When is your lunch appointment?
你与别人共进午餐的约会定在什么时候?
Once you've made an appointment, you should try to keep it.
一旦你定好约会的事情，那么你应努力守约。
