Question

what从句分析，这句话的语法结构是什么？两个what分别引导什么从句？

The brief weekend respite hadn’t provided much relief, what① with the laundry that had piled up, not to mention the supermarket and the dry cleaners and the myriad other errands that ate into what② was supposed to be our family time together.
——Not Just another Rat

Answer 1

第一个what引导的不是从句。可以把what with sth看作是表示原因的短语，意思是：
（列举各种理由）由于，因为。
所以what with及后面全部可以看作是介词短语作状语。
第二个what引导的是名词性从句作定语从句中的介词宾语。
具体分析如下：
The brief weekend respite 是主语hadn’t provided 是谓语much relief, 是宾语。后面整个是介词短语作状语，其中what with 是短语介词the laundry 是介词宾语that had piled up, 是定语从句not to mention the supermarket and the dry cleaners and the myriad other errands 是定语从句中的状语that ate into what was supposed to be our family time together.是定语从句，其中what引导的名词性从句作定语从句中介词into的宾语。
句子意思：周末短暂的休息也不太轻松，因为堆积的衣物要洗，更别提还有超市要去，干洗店要去，还有其他数不清的挤占原本应该和家人共度的时光的琐事。

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非常感谢您！

Answer 2

第一句的 what with 是习语，意思是 “由于”、“鉴于”、“考虑到”，相当于 because of，后面接名词，所以 what with the laundry that had piled up 意思是 “由于堆积起来的待洗衣物”。
第二处的 what 是引导介词 into 后面宾语从句的连词，此处的 the myriad other errands that ate into what was supposed to be our family time together 的意思是 “数不清的其他杂务消耗掉了本该全家一起度过的时间” 〔注：eat into 意思是 “消耗掉”〕。

参考译文：短暂的周末休息并没有给我们带来多少宽慰。单说那些堆积如山的衣物，更不用说超市和干洗店以及无数其他的杂务，这些杂务消耗掉了我们全家本该在一起的度过的时间。

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非常感谢您╰(*´︶`*)╯