二者的区别在于用法,含义的不同。
①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间,while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导。
扩展资料
例句:
1、Your mother will bawl you out when she sees this mess.
当你母亲看到这混乱的局面时她会责骂你的。
2、I had only danced with Mary about three minutes when someone cut in.
我和玛丽刚刚跳了大约三分钟的舞,就有人来截舞。
3、When I was telephoning her,she bundled in.
当我正给她打电话时,她闯了进来。
4、He surfed her car to force her stop the car when she drove off.
她驾车离开时他趴在她的车顶上,以迫使她停下车来。
5、He jumped with joy when he heard the good news.
当他听到这一好消息时高兴得跳了起来。
6、I was distracted for a while and forgot my troubles.
我得到一会儿消遣,忘记了我的烦恼。
7、The stage was blacked out for a while and actors spoke in darkness.
舞台灯光熄灭了一会儿,演员们在黑暗中说话了。
8、How did he make out while his mother was away?
他母亲外出不在时他是怎样过的?
9、We cut off the car engine and coasted for a while.
我们熄灭了汽车引擎,向前滑行了一会儿。
10、Please get my mail as well while you're at it.
你就手儿把我的信件也带来吧。
when引导的从句作“当…时”或“每逢…”解,从句中的动作既可以和主句中的动作同时发生,也可以在主句的动作之前或之后发生;
while引导的从句作“当…时”或“在…期间”解,它强调从句中的动作与主句中的动作同时发生,但持续时间一般较长或主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生。while和when的最大区别在于有时含有“趁着…情况的存在赶紧做某事,否则来不及了”的意味。
一、when词汇分析
音标:英 [wen]美 [hwen; hwɛn]
释义:
conj. 考虑到;既然;当…时;在…时;如果
n. 时间,时候;日期;场合
adv. 什么时候,何时;(用于时间的表达方式之后)在那时;其时;当时
pron. 那时;什么时侯
短语
Remember When 记得当时 ; 曾几何时 ; 记妥当时 ; 记住那刻
Say When 只需说何时 ; 酒斟够了请说一声 ; 够了就说 ; 够了就请告诉我
When all 此时 ; 当所有
When Rendering 只有在最后渲染时才重新计算更新效果 ; 渲染时
When Issue 发行前交易
例句
1、When she heard the news, the cup in her hand slipped down onto the floor.
当她听到这一消息时,手中的杯子一下子滑落掉在了地上。
2、He apologized when he sobered up.
他清醒过来后表示道歉。
3、Panic seized me when I saw the scenes.
看到那景象,我突然感到一阵恐慌。
4、He looked aside when I spoke to him.
我对他说话的时候,他向旁边看。
5、He blushed when they praised him.
当他们表扬他时(他)脸红了。
二、while词汇分析
音标:英 [waɪl] 美 [hwaɪl]
释义:
conj. 虽然;然而;当……的时候
n. 一会儿;一段时间
vt. 消磨;轻松地度过
短语
Short while 不一会
DO WHILE 循环 ; 条件 ; 循环语句 ; 语句
While doing 正在做某事 ; 是一个省略形式 ; 两者同时发生
While they 今朝有酒今朝醉
while scrabble 拼字游戏的同时 ; 虽然拼字游戏 ; 而拼字游戏
例句
1、Wait outside the house for a while.
先在外面等一会儿。
2、I waited in the car while idling the engine.
我在汽车里待着而让发动机空转着。
3、I must finish off this work while the light is good.
趁这会儿光线充足我必须把这项工作完成。
4、While you are up, close the door.
你要是起来就把门关上。
5、Do not fasten all the windows up while you sleep.
睡觉时不要将所有的窗户都关紧。
连接词when与while是一对常与过去进行时合作的twins。但正如世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶一样,when与while在有着某些相似之处的同时,彼此也各有一些区别于对方的截然不同的“独特个性”。Do you want to know the differences between them?请看——
● when 解析版
〔引导时间状语从句〕具体地说,它有以下几种含义:
1.表明一个动作发生的时候,另一个动作正在进行之中。例如:
When the teacher came into the classroom ,we were reading English.当老师走进教室时,我们正在读英语。
2.表明当某一动作正在进行时,另一动作发生了。如:
When Kate was flying a kite,she found a wallet lying on the ground.凯特正在放风筝时,她发现地上有个钱包。
〔特别提示〕当when从句放在主句之后时,它更强调某一动作的突然性,此时的when相当于and then,and suddenly,just at that time。如;
1.We were watching TV when the telephone rang.(=We were watching TV and suddenly the telephone rang.)我们正在看电视,(突然)电话铃响了。
试比较:When we were watching TV, the telephone rang.我们正在看电视时,电话铃响了。
2.The boys were playing football when it began to rain.男孩子们正在踢球时,(不料)开始下雨了。
3.I was taking a walk when I came across Lily.我正在散步时,(没想到)遇见了莉莉。
特别是主句中有just,或when从句中有suddenly时,这种突然性更为明显、强烈。例如:
4.He was just falling asleep when he heard someone shout,“Stop the thief!”他刚要入睡,突然听到有人喊:“抓贼!”
5.We were doing our homework at school last night when the lights went out.昨天晚上我们正在学校写作业时,灯(突然)灭了。
〔相关链接〕when引导的状语从句除了上述意义之外,也常具有其他一些含义:
1.一……就……(=as soon as)
We will stand up when the teacher comesin.老师一进来我们就起立。
2.虽然;然而;可是(=although)
We had only five boxes when we needed eight.我们需要八个箱子,可是只有五个。
3.每当……(=whenever)
It is always very hot here when it is summer.每当夏季,这儿总是很热。
4.既然(=since,as)
Why did you come here on foot when you know you should come by bike?既然你知道该骑自行车来,你为何还要步行呢?
● while 解析版
while引导状语从句,有以下两种含义:
1.表示某个动作正在进行的同时,另一动作也在进行之中,这时主从句都用进行时态,有对同类的两个动作进行对比的意味。如:
While I was playing the piano,she was dancing.我在弹钢琴,她在跳舞。
While Jim is picking apples,Kate is carrying apples to the truck.吉姆正在摘苹果,凯特正在把苹果搬到卡车上去。
2.表示某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作(该动作用一般过去时)。如:
While I was reading,I fell asleep.我读着读着就睡着了。
While we were swimming in the river,we saw a fish jump out of the water.我们正在河中游泳时,看见一条鱼跃出了水面。
〔相关链接〕
while还有以下几种常见用法:
1.只要(=as long as)
There will be life while there is water and air.只要有空气和水,就会有生命。
2.而;然而〔表示对比〕
He is a driver while I'm a teacher.他是司机,而我是老师。
3.虽然(=although);尽管〔表示让步〕
While I see what you say,I can't agree with you.虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你。
4.用作名词,表示“一会儿或一段时间”,常与a,the或this等连用。如:
Just wait a while and then I will help you.等一下,我会来帮你的。
Where have you been all this while?这一阵子你一直都在哪儿?
● when 与 while 区别版
综上所述,我们可以看出when与while本质的区别在于:when既可以指某一点时间,也可以指某一段时间,其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的、非延续性的,也可以是延续性的;while指一段时间,从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即:指一段时间时,when可用while来代替;指一点时间时,when不能用 while来代替。试比较:
When he woke up,it was eight o'clock.(√)
While he woke up,it was eight o'clock.(×)
When I was waiting for a bus,I met her.(√)
While I was waiting for a bus,I met her.(√)
●练习版 Can you say the following sentences in English?
1.当我们到达火车站时,天正下着雪。
______________________________
2.孩子们正在做游戏,突然铃响了。
______________________________
3.爸爸在洗车时,妈妈在做饭。
______________________________
4.琳达正在跑步时伤了自己的左腿。
______________________________
5.我们在西安时,每天见面。
______________________________
Key:
1.When we got to the train station,it was snowing.
2.The children were playing games when the bell rang.
3.While dad was washing his car,mum was cooking.
4.When /While Linda was running,she hurt her left leg.
5.When /While we were in Xi'an,we met every day. when和while引导的时间状语从句与这一时态连用。所以区别when和while的用法成了这一单元的难点。 (一)、when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。 例如: 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时,我正在看书。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候,你在写信吗? 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 (二)、while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 例如: 1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时,林涛来看他。 2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 (三)、另外,when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 例如: 1、While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候,我正在做家庭作业
1. when 从句表示某时刻或一段时间,即在某个时间点上。谓语动词既可以表示延续性行为状态,也可以表示瞬间动作,后者更常见,如:
* When he left the house, I was sitting in the garden. 当他离开家时,我正在院子里坐着。(left 是瞬间动作)
* When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock. 当他到家时,正是九点钟。(arrived 是瞬间动作))
* When I was young, I was sick all the time. 在我小时候我总是生病。(was young 是延续性状态)
2. as 从句表示进展过程,意思是“随着某个行为向前进展的时候”或“在某个行为进展过程中”,如:
* As he grew older, he became more intelligent. 随着他年龄的增长,他变得更有才智了。
* I slipped on the ice as I ran home. 我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤
2. while 只表示在一段时间内的延续行为状态,即“就在某个行为进行的中间”,如:
* While he was in London,he studied music. 当他在伦敦时,他学习音乐。
* While she was typing the letter,the telephone rang. 当她在用打字机打那封信时,电话响了。
as和when、while的区别