英语中的for,to,at,of,in,on,with的用法

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一、介词按其构成可分为:
1.简单介词 at,in,on,to,since,until 等.如:
  He's worked there since 1998.
2.复合介词 into,onto,out of 等.如:
  She is out of school.她毕业了.
3.二重介词 from under,from behind,from out of,until after,except in 等.如:
  I'm from out of town.我是从城外来的.
4.短语介词 because of,instead of,in spite of 等.如:
  I went back not because of the rain,but because I was tired.
我回去不是因为下雨,而是因为我累了.
二、介词的作用:
1.表示地点:after,along,at,below,by,of,near,over,through,under 等.如:
  Near the village the boys are skating on the ice.男孩子们正在村子附近的冰上滑冰.
  They lay down under the shade of a tree.他们躺在一棵树的树阴下.
2.表示时间:about,after,across,at,during,for,in,of,till,until 等.如:
  After class he will tell us about the accident.课后他将告诉我们有关事故的情况.
  A heavy rain has been falling across three days.一场大雨下了整整三天.
  The accident happened during the night.事故发生在夜间.
3.表示动作:at,across,around,on,over,under 等.如:
  The earth goes around the sun.地球绕太阳运行.
  The car is under repair.汽车在修理中.
4.表示比较:as,like,above,over,with 等.如:
  She was something like her sister.她有几份像她的妹妹.
  Chinese is much more difficult in contrast with English.和英语相比,汉语难得多.
5.表示原因:about,for,from,with 等.如:
  Don't worry about my lessons.不要担心我的功课.
  Business kept me from coming.我因事不能来.
  He was angry with what I did.他对我所做的很气愤.
6.表示条件:to,with,without 等.如:
  Without your advice,he would have failed.没有你的忠告他可能已经失败了.
7.表示手段、方式:as,by,in,with 等.如:
  He behaved as a drunkard.他的举止如同醉汉一样.
  Learn the new words by heart.记住这些生词.
  We see with our eyes.我们用眼睛看.
8.表示距离、数量:from,in,within 等.如:
  My house is ten miles from the school.我家离学校十英里.
  They were thirty in all.他们总共有三十人.
9.表示目的:as,for 等.如:
  I only said it as a joke.我只是把它当作笑话讲的.
  It's time for class.到上课的时间了.
10.表示让步:for,with 等.如:
  For all his effort,he didn't succeed.虽然他做了一番努力,仍不能成功.
  With all his money,he is unhappy.尽管他有钱,但他并不快乐.
  for 还可以引导插入语,例如:
  I,for one,shall vote against the proposal.我也投票反对这个提议.
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