Question

被动语态结构 关于被动语态的用法

Answer 1

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　　被动语态结构

　　助动词be+及物动词的过去分词；情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

　　被动语态的用法

　　1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

　　Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。

　　I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。

　　Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。

　　2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

　　A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。

　　Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。

　　3.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

　　A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。

　　Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。

　　4.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词

　　Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→

　　My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。

　　They are planting trees over there. →

　　Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。

　　5.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词

　　This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。

　　Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。

　　6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词

　　The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。

　　The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。

　　7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词

　　The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。

　　The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。

　　8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done

　　They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满20周年。

　　The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。

　　9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

　　Young trees must be watered often. 小树需要经常浇水。

　　Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就改正你的错误。

　　The door may be locked inside. 这扇门可以反锁。

　　Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交。

　　八种常用时态的被动语态举例

　　1.一般现在时

　　A lot of books are kept in our school library. 我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。

　　2.一般过去时

　　A thief was caught last night. 一个小偷昨晚被抓了。

　　3.现在进行时

　　The watch is being repaired. 这块表正在修理。

　　4.过去进行时

　　The door was being painted at that time. 那时门还在油漆。

　　5.一般将来时

　　The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon. 班会下周六下午召开。

　　6.过去将来时

　　They said the work would be finished the next day. 他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。

　　7.现在完成时

　　My bag has been stolen. 我的包被偷了。

　　8.过去完成时

　　She said this airport had never been used. 她说这个机场没有使用过。