Question

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The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.
Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals — many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
【小题1】 We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.

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Answer 1

英国国民保健服务（NHS）成立于1948，是设计来提供平等的基本医疗，免费，在国内大家。在这之前的保健必须由个人支付。目前中央政府直接负责国民虽然是由当地卫生部门统一管理。约百分之83的健康医疗服务的成本是由一般税收和其他支付会从国家保险金的支付工作。有处方和牙科护理，但许多人收费，如儿童，孕妇，老人，和那些收入支持，免付。
大多数人都有当地的医生（GP的注册，或全科医生）谁是越来越有可能是一个健康中心提供的社区的一部分。
随着英国人口的老龄化，医院的服务现在治疗更多的患者比以前，虽然花费更少的时间，住院病人。NHS医院——其中许多都建于上世纪第十九-提供近一半的床位一百万张，有超过480个，医务人员000名。NHS是欧洲最大的雇主，虽然英国实际上花费较少的人均卫生保健的她比大多数欧洲邻国。
在20世纪80年代，与增加的强调管理效率和一些服务私营化的公共医疗卫生服务的相当大的调整（例如，清洁）。上世纪80年代末，政府推出的NHS进一步改革的建议，包括允许一些医院是自治的，GPS和鼓励竞争患者。患者可以选择更容易改变自己的家庭医生，GPS将有更多的金融责任。政治问题继续多少钱应提供支持的NHS和地方应该是。

我们可以知道，______________第一段。

Answer 2